Community family plan,social welfare

sample presentation

1. SEMINAR ON FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION OF INDIA AND SOCIAL WELFARE Presented By : Dipanwita Maity , 4 th Year, B.Sc. Nursing .

2. DEFINITION OF FAMILY PLANNING : According to ‘WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION’ ( WHO ), in 1971, “ A way of thinking and living that is adopted voluntarily , upon the basis of the knowledge , attitudes and responsible decisions by the individuals and the couples , in order to promote the health and welfare of the family group and thus contribute effectively to the social development of a country” .

3. FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION OF INDIA Established in - 1949. Headquarter- Pune , Mumbai . FPAI has 40 branches, running family planning clinics with grants-in-aid from Government. Activities- to answer enquiries on family planning by correspondance or by personal interviews .

4. VISION OF FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION OF INDIA : FPA India envisions sexual and reproductive health for all as a human right including gender equality leading to alleviation of poverty , population stabilization and sustainable development .

5. MISSION OF FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION OF INDIA : (1) FPA India strengthens a voluntary commitment to advocate for sexual and reproductive health and rights and choices . It promotes access to the sexual and reproductive health information and services related to the family planning, safe abortions, HIV/AIDS and sexuality to poor, marginalised and vulnerable populations including young people. To eliminate violence , discrimination and abuse .

6. AVTIVITIES OF FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION OF INDIA : FPA India runs clinics providing family welfare services including MTP and sterilization . It conducts camps in rural areas . It conducts training programmes for doctors, para -medical workers, volunteers and opinion builders in the area of family planning . FPAI imparts education about population control, family life ,safe sex and prevention of STD s and AIDS . It organizes seminars, workshops and conferences .Most important activity – “ Sensitizing the public” having tagline- “ Chota Parivaar Sukhi Parivaar ”.

7. ACTIVITIES OF FPA INDIA (CONTINUED) : (4) FPA India quarterly publishes journals related to family welfare . (5) Its “ Parivar Pragathi Pariyojana ” undertakes community development activities. (6) It gives financial assistance to other NGO s undertaking family welfare services .

8. BRANCHES OF FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION OF INDIA : 40 Reproductive Health and Family Planning centres under FPAI. These centres consist of : 17- satellite clinics 62- outreach units 432 – community based providers 40 – associated clinics 32 - other agencies . Network of 115 private medical practitioners.

9. CONTRIBUTION OF FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION OF INDIA : FPA INDIA is contributing towards : Population stabilization . Prevention of unsafe abortion and sex selective abortions . Reduction in infant mortality rate. Reduction in maternal mortality rate. Reduction of reproductive morbidity of men and women. Reduction in STD s including HIV . Gender equality and equity. Meeting of SRH (Sexually and Reproductive Health) needs of youth .

10. COLLABORATION PARTNERS OF FPAI : National Integrated Medical Association Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Packard Foundation Planned Parenthood Federation of America, University of Rochester ,USA Japan Trust Fund UNFPA( The United Nations for Population Activities)[ Now known as United Nations Population Fund] West Wind Foundation

11. COLLABORATION PARTNERS OF FPAI (CONTINUED) : Ford Foundation Government of India State AIDS cell FHI (Family Health International) CORT (Centre for Operations Research and Training) Humanas Avert Society

12. FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION OF INDIA SERVICES AND STRATEGIC PLAN Contraceptives (for men and women ) Abortion ( Medical and Surgical ) Emergency contraception Maternal health care Child health care Diagnosis and treatment of reproductive tract infections and STD s and reproductive health care (for men and women) Infertility Adolescent sexual and reproductive health care Counselling

13. FPA INDIA SERVICES AND STRATEGIC PLAN ( CONTINUED ) : Prevention and management of HIV/AIDS Pathological / diagnostic facilities Strategic Plan of Family Planning Association of India : There are 5 Action Areas . The 5A’ s are- Access Advocacy Adolescents AIDS Abortion Other supporting strategies.

14. STRATEGIC PLAN - ACCESS SITUATION : (1) Men and women have minimum knowledge of sexual and reproductive health status. (2) Geographical, socio-cultural, religious diversities . (3) To meet special needs of groups- persons living with HIV/AIDS and sexual orientation. GOAL : All people particularly the poor, marginalised , socially excluded , undeserved are able to exercise their rights, to make free and informed choices about their sexual and reproductive health and have access to SRH information , sexuality education , high quality services including family planning .

15. STRATEGIC PLAN – ACCESS (CONTD.) STRATEGIC DIRECTION : By removing socio-cultural barriers and promoting people’s participation and services to marginalised and poverty-stricken population. OBJECTIVE : (1) To empower 50% of marginalised and poverty-stricken women . (2) To improve access of 30% marginalised and poverty affected population to high quality SRH information and services using rights based approach . MAJOR ACTIVITIES : (1) Implementing need based SRH care. (2) Developing ,implementing behaviour change communication strategies. (3) Providing SRH care through clinical & non-clinical outlets.

16. STRATEGIC PLAN- ACCESS ( CONTD.) MAJOR ACTIVITIES : (4) Maintaining essential standards and adopting quality of care approach . (5) Involving men in women’s health care. (6) Addressing men’s reproductive health concerns . (7) Addressing women’s concerns-gender based violence, increasing self-esteem through skills development & income generating activities . (8) Increasing the perception of the value of the girl child .

17. STRATEGIC PLAN- ADVOCACY SITUATION : (1) The global agenda with MDGs(Millennium Developmental Goals) dissipated the ICPD( International Conference on Population and Development) agenda . (2) Population stabilisation is still a distant dry. (3) Recession , Global Gag rule (Mexico City Policy) ,change in donor perspectives –led to reduced funding. (4) 0.6% spent on health of country’s budget inspite of high demand . (5) Intrusion of the right’s based approach with introduction of 2-child norm among legislators . GOAL : Strong public ,political, financial commitment, support for SRH & rights at the national and international levels.

18. STRATEGIC PLAN- ADVOCACY (CONTD) STRATEGIC DIRECTION : By associating communities and policy makers for promoting SRH and enlist their support for resource generation. OBJECTIVES : To achieve greater public support for govt. commitment & accountability for SRH. MAJOR ACTIVITIES : (1) Developing net works at the grassroots level with NGOs/CBOs. (2) Establishing partnership with govt. functionaries at panchayat , district, state and national level. (3) Establishing strategic partnerships with NGOs,research agencies,donor agencies and other institutions. (4) Involving media for advocating SRH and rights .

19. STRATEGIC PLAN- ADVOCACY (CONTINUED ) MAJOR ACTIVITIES : (5) Publishing information material on SRH and rights for mobilizing public support . (6) Influencing decision making at policy level for inclusion of SRH ( Sexual and Reproductive Health) and rights in all areas of development .

20. STRATEGIC PLAN- ADOLESCENTS SITUATION : (1) Highly vulnerable group. (2) Lack of knowledge and understanding of SRH. (3) Not empowered group. (4) Early marriage and child birth related complications . (5) High instances of gender based violence and sexual abuse . (6) Half of young girls suffer from reproductive health problems. (7) About half of all HIV infections occur among them . GOAL : All adolescents & young people are aware of their sexual & reproductive rights are empowered to make informed choices & decisions regarding SRH; and are able to act on them .

21. STRATEGIC PLAN- ADOLESCENTS (CONTIUED) STRATEGIC DIRECTION - By building partnerships with municipal and govt. school going adolescents (10-16 years). MAJOR ACTIVITIES : (1) Providing age-linked critical information on human sexuality,relationships etc. (2) Building capacity of adolescents to provide sexuality education to their peers & to provide basic counselling . (3) Encouraging adolescents to participate at decision making levels to provide adolescent friendly information and services. (4) Developing culture-sensitive human sexuality curricula to implement at schools.

22. STRATEGIC PLAN- AIDS SITUATION : ( 1) 5.1 million persons infected with HIV . (2) 0.9% population of india . (3) Increase in incidence among women and young people. In High Prevalence States : (1) Over 1% among antenatal women –adds to PTC (Parent To Child ) transmission . (2) 5% in STD clinics. (3) Gender roles,inequities,power relations – increases vulnerability of women and girls . (4) Denial,stigma and discrimination still very high . GOAL : Reduction in incidence of HIV/AIDS & full protection of the rights of people infected & affected by HIV/AIDS .

23. STRATEGIC PLAN- AIDS (CONTINUED) STRATEGIC DIRECTION : By integrating gender sensitive programmes for HIV/AIDS prevention and management with ongoing SRH including family planning services, in high prone areas served by Medical Association . OBJECTIVES : (1) To increase access to interventions for prevention STDs/HIV/AIDS integrate SRH & family planning programmes at 50% service delivery points. (2) To reach out to 50% of population in HIV prone areas to reduce social, religious, cultural , economic, legal and political barriers that make people vulnerable .

24. STRATEGIC PLAN- AIDS (CONTINUED) MAJOR ACTIVITIES : (1) Upgrading clinics to provide STD management and voluntary counselling and testing . (2) Promoting condom use for dual purpose . (3) Providing antenatal care services with voluntary counselling and testing services . (4) Empowering women to negotiate safe sex .

25. STRATEGIC PLAN- ABORTION SITUATION : (1) Lack of information on legal status of abortion. (2) Socio-cultural barriers and provider bias . (3) High incidence of sex selective abortions . (4) High number of illegal abortions leading to morbidity and mortality . (5) Unmet need for family planning leading to abortions . (6) Lack of facilities for legal and safe abortion. (7) Dependency on medical methods . GOAL : A universal recognition of a woman’s right to choose & have access to safe abortion ,a reduction in the incidence of unsafe abortion .

26. STRATEGIC PLAN- ABORTION (CONTD) STRATEGIC DIRECTION : By lobbying and advocating for a women’s right to safe abortion,forging partnership with the govt. and upgrading facilities in the SDP s (Service Delivery Point) for prevention of unsafe as well as sex selective abortions. MAJOR ACTIVITIES : (1) Promoting right to choose safe abortion. (2) Generating awareness on prevention of abortion and the implications of unsafe abortions . (3) Generating awareness on the implications of sex selective abortions. (4) Effecting the enforcement of the PC/PNDT [Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques( Prohibition of Sex Selection), 1994] act. (5) Promoting new methods of abortion (MVA, Medical Abortion).

27. SUPPORTING STRATEGIES : (1 ) Leadership and Governance : To invoke commitment of voluntary leadership to mobilize public,and political,financial support SRHR( Sexually and Reproductive Health and Rights) and provide good governance . MAJOR ACTIVITIES : Providing training to various professional ,non-professional groups to enhance their knowledge ,skills on SRH to enable them to provide medical care, counselling , information on various levels. (2) Resource Mobilization : MAJOR ACTIVITIES : Increasing the resources of FPA India which includes- in-kind resources, stakeholder support .

28. SUPPORT STRATEGIES (CONTD) : (3) Knowledge Management : MAJOR ACTIVITIES : Reviewing and updating information on SRH issues . (2) Conducting needs assessment and evaluations. (3) Disseminating key findings to key stakeholders. (4) Utilizing information for advocacy and other works of FPA India .

29. PARIVAR PRAGATHI PARIYOJANA : FPAI’s Small Family by Choice Project [ Parivar Pragathi Pariyojana ] was launched in 1995 , in 3 of the 90 low performing districts in India- Bhopal, Sagar and Vidisha in Madhya Pradesh . It covers a population : 4.35 million in 3901 villages. Aim : The project aims at bringing about social transformation , increasing access and excellence in reproductive health including family planning education and services .

30. STRATEGIES OF PARIVAR PRAGATHI PARIYOJANA : (1) Organizing conferences,seminars , to share experiences and generate ,intensify and widen programme support or involvement among elected people’s representatives and leadership groups , family planning or health and other professionals ,NGO s etc. (2) Promoting population, family life and sex education programmes to develop responsible attitudes among youth. (3) Conducting age-appropriate short and long-term courses for young people in the formal and non-formal sectors. (4) Training teachers and educators of non-formal and other youth serving institutions .

31. STRATEGIES OF PARIVAR PRAGATHI PARIYOJANA (CONTINUED) : (5) Organizing special projects for underprivileged young men and women ,combining family life and sexuality education with income generating skills . (6) Providing specialised services and training in family life ,marriage and sex counselling through 36 sex education, counselling,research ,training and SECRT [Sexuality Education , Counselling , Research , Training/ Therapy] centres . Adolescents reproductive health is an impotant concern. (7) Training health professionals including indigeneous medical practitioners,field workers,urban & rural volunteers & opinion leaders etc. to extend family planning education and services. (8) Stimulating community participation in reproductive health and family planning through various developmental activities .

32. STRATEGIES OF PARIVAR PRAGATHI PARIYOJANA (CONTINUED) : (8) Stimulating community participation in reproductive health and family planning through various developmental activities .

33. COMMUNITY ACTION : (1) Educational activities including running balwadis ,schools, adult literacy classes. (2) Family planning activities including talks, group discussions on PHC , reproductive and sexual health. Counselling for family planning , MCH , operating contraceptives distribution outlets . (3) Community and social welfare services. (4) Economic activities including skills training for income-generation. (5) Developing community facilities. (6) Resource mobilization . (7) Promoting activities for Planned Parenthood & Women’s development through specific projects which organize women into Mahila Mandals & Parivar Pragathi Mandals & empower them to gain better control their lives.

34. SOCIAL WELFARE : Programmes are categorized under : (1) Programmes for the welfare of the women. (2) Programmes for the welfare of the children. (3) Composite programmes (both for men, women). (4) Schemes for the maladjusted groups. (5) Schemes for physically handicapped persons. (6) Programmes for the welfare of the backward classes .

35. CHILD WELFARE CHILD WELFARE AGENCIES : (1) Indian Council for Child Welfare . (2) Central Social Welfare Board . (3) Kasturba Gandhi Memorial Trust . Their activities : Day Care Services : Nursery schools , Balwadis , Creches are set up for infant, toddler of working mothers . Holiday Homes : Children (12-16 years) at hill stations, sea-side resorts. Recreation Facilities : Play centres , Public parks , Children’s libraries , BAL BHAVANS, Children’s films, National Museums ,Hobby Class etc. International Agencies : UNICEF, WHO, CARE, FAO of United Nations , International Union for Child Welfare.

36. INTEGRATED CHILD DEVELOPMENT SERVICES (ICDS) : The blueprint for the scheme was prepared by the ‘ Development of Social Welfare’ in 1975 . It was decided to take up on an experimental basis 33 projects in 1975 . - 1975- 76 in 4 urban , 19 rural , 10 tribal areas spread over 22 states and the Union Territory of Delhi. Projects were sanctioned by 1975’ s October. The Govt. of India decided to expand the project to cover 100 areas by 1978-79. 2 major evaluations were conducted in 1978 and 1982 . The positive results ( of the evaluations ) formed the basis for the Govt. of India to accelerate the expansion of ICDS in 1982 . Prior 2005-06, providing supplementary nutrition was the responsibility of the states. Administrative cost was provided by the Central Government .

37. INTEGRATED CHILD DEVELOPMENT SERVICES (ICDS) : The population norms for setting up of Anganwadi Centres & Mini- Anganwadi Centres have been revised to cover all habituations by SC/ST/ Minorities .The revised norms are : For AWC in rural/urban projects : - 1) 1 AWC for 400-800 population. - 2) 2 AWC for 800- 1600 population . - 3) 3 AWC for 1600-2400 population. For tribal / reverine / desert / hilly & other difficult areas : - 1) 1 AWC for 300-800 population. - 2) 2 AWC for 150-300 population .

38. OBJECTIVES OF ICDS : (1) To improve the nutritional and health status of children in age – group 0-6 years. (2) To lay the foundations for proper psychological ,physical, social development of the child . (3) To reduce mortality and morbidity , malnutrition and school drop-out. (4) To achieve an effective coordination of policy and implementation among the various departments working for the promotion of child development . (5) To enhance the capability of the mother and the nutritional needs of the child through proper nutrition and health education.

39. PACKAGE OF SERVICES OF ICDS : BENEFICIARY SERVICES Pregnant women Health check-up, Immunization against tetanus, Supplementary nutrition, Nutrition and health education . Nursing mothers Health check-up, Supplementary nutrition, Nutrition and health education. Other women 15-45 years Nutrition and health education Children less than 3 years Supplementary nutrition ,Immunization, Health check-up, Referral services . Children (3-6 years) Supplementary nutrition, Immunization, Health check up,Referral services, Non-formal education. Adolescent girls(11-18 years) Supplementary nutrition,Nutrition & health education

40. DELIVERY OF SERVICES OF ICDS : 1) Supplementary nutrition : BENEFICIARY GROUP CALORIES GRAMS OF PROTEIN FINANCIAL NORM PER CHILD PER DAY Child (6-72 months) 500 12-15 Rs . 6 Severely malnourished child (6-72 months) 800 20-25 Rs.9 Pregnant & nursing women 600 18-20 Rs. 7

41. DELIVERY OF SERVICES OF ICDS (CONTINUED) 2) Nutrition and Health education : 15-45 years women. It is imparted by specially organized courses in village during home visits by anganwadi workers. 3) Health check up ( antenatal,postnatal care , care of newborn infants, children-under 6 years age). 4) Non-formal Pre-school education : Children(3-6 years) are given such education in an anganwadi in each village with about 1000 population. 5) Schemes for adolescent girls (65) : Kishori Shakti Yojana , Nutrition Programme for Adolescent Girls, Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent girls (SABLA-for 11-18 yrs), Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana ( pregnant and lactating mother).

42. HEALTH OF ADOLESCENT : Approaches are – (1) Informing ,educating ,sensitizing key groups in society to individual health and social development needs. (2) Advocating appropriate policy,legislation,programmes for promoting adolescent reproductive health. (3) Using appropriate and innovative research to improve knowledge of and disseminate information about the factors that influence and determine young people’s sexual ,contraceptive and reproductive decisions and behaviour. (4) Modifying, extending, evaluating services specially designed to meet young people’s needs. (5) Mobilizing the entry, creativity, idealism of young people in promoting health and development appropriate activities in their communities. (6) Facilitating action to extend education opportunities for girls.

43. CENTRAL SOCIAL WELFARE BOARD : Set up by a Resolution of Govt. Of India on 12 th August ,1953. Till 1969, the board functioned as a limb of Govt, then it is registered as a charitable company under the Company Act to give a legal status to the board. The board was given dual responsibilities- (1) Taking welfare services to the disadvantaged sections of society especially to women & children ,(2) Developing a nationwide infrastructure of voluntary agencies. 1954- The State Social Welfare Advisory Boards were set up in the states and Union Territories to assist CSWB . Objectives: To promote social welfare activities & implement welfare programmes for women ,children & handicapped through voluntary organizations .

44. CENTRAL SOCIAL WELFARE BOARD (CONTINUED) Organizational structure : Board is headed by a chairperson, has a 55 member general body & 15 member executive committee. Approaches : A) Taking welfare services to the basics of the Central Social Welfare Board. B) Spreading awareness and education . C) Helping women and families in crisis. D) Shelter to women in distress. E) Empowering women . F) Support services. G) Campaign for Mass Mobilization . H) Field counselling and Inspection. I) State Board Administration. J) Research ,Evaluation and Statistics : Setting the Course. K) Publicity and Publication . L) Implementation of Official Language .

45. APPROACHES IN DETAILS : A) Taking Social Services To The Basics of The Central Social Welfare Board : (1) Welfare Extension Projects : Pre-primary school education, craft activities for women, maternity services & recreational facilities in rural areas. (2) Border Area Projects (3) Demonstration Projects : Nutrition, health education, recreational facilities for women . (4) Mahila Mandals : In 1961 , to hand over some of the Welfare Extension Projects to registered voluntary organizations . B) Spreading Awareness and Education : ( 1) Awareness Generation Camps : (1987) – needs of poor women and rural areas. (2) Condensed Courses of Education for Women : (1958 ) Education , scope for employment to needy women,widows,destitutes , belong to economically backward.

46. APPROACHES IN DETAILS (CONTD) (C) Helping Women and Families in Crisis : (1) Family Counselling Centres : designed in 1980 when there is spate of dowry deaths . Objective : To provide preventive & rehabilitative services to women & families who are victims of atrocities & family maladjustments through crisis intervention & systematic counselling . FCC has conducted many centres – (1.1) FCCs at Police Headquarters : To provide speedy crisis intervention to those women whose cases are registered in Police Stations. (1.2) FCCs in Mahila Jails : in Delhi, Bangalore, Trichy , Vellore, Lucknow . (1.3) Rape Crisis Intervention Centres :( Delhi,Mumbai ) Help lines are functional 24 hours at these centres .

47. APPROACHES IN DETAILS (CONTD) (1.4) Pre-marital Counselling Workshop/ Centres : 10 FCCs running in women developmental centres at colleges of Delhi- deal with pre-marital counselling,psychological crisis-conduct workshops . (1.5) Centres for Devdasis /Red-light Areas : FCCs are working for Devdasis & sex workers & their children’s welfare in Mumbai, Belgaun (Karnataka)-provide awareness campaigns on AIDS,STDs ,health, legal matters, rehabilitative measures. (D) Shelter To Women in Distress : Short stay homes . (E) Empowering Women : (1) Swaw lamban : -initiated by 1975 to train women in various trades to access remunerative employment opportunities.

48. APPROACHES IN DETAILS (CONTD) (F) SUPPORT SERVICES : (1) Creches for children of working and ailing mothers. (2) Working women’s Hostels : Home away from home. (3) Innovative Schemes : (3.1) Bhartiya Patila Udhar Sabha : Project for children, sex workers at Allahabad ,Varanasi . (3.2) TISS (Tata Institute of Social Sciences) : Prayas –a field project. (3.3) Apnalaya at Govandi,Mumbai :Integrated project for rag pickers. (3.4) Indian Vision Foundation, New Delhi : for children and women of families affected by crime. (3.5) Surangama Kala Kendra, Muzaffarpur ,Bihar : vocational training to poor women in folk art , traditions .

49. APPROACHES IN DETAILS (CONTD) (G) Campaign For Mass Mobilization : To bring social change. - CSWB designated year 1999 as “ Samaj Kalyan Chetna Parv ” - Govt. of India designated 2001 as “Women’s Empowerment Year”. - CSWB designated 2002 as “ Pehchan Parv ”. - On 8 th March ,2003, ‘CSWB’ with ‘The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare’ celebrated – “The International Women’s Day”, launching an awareness programme on women’s health under slogan – “ Healthy Women, Happy Family”. - To combat female foeticide , the Board launched – “ Manvi Sanrakshan Abhiyaan ” , on 21 st January , 2004, when first meeting was held.

50. APPROACHES IN DETAILS (CONTD) (H) Field Counselling and Inspection : It monitors the performance of the field officers posted in various State Boards ,implementing programmes , promoting voluntarism in districts alloted to them. (I) State Board Administration : 32 State Boards in different states and Union Territories are headed by non-official Chairpersons , social workers. - Board consists of non-official members , normally representing each major district of the State and are proportionately nominated by the Central Board and State Govt. - The State Board advise the Central Board to take initiatives for promotion of voluntarism, strengthening voluntary action at state level. The State Boards are also a recommendary body for evaluation of the organizations to take up programmes of Board.

51. APPROACHES IN DETAILS (CONTD) (J) Research ,Evaluation and Statistics: Setting The Course. (K) Publicity and Publication : Magazines of The Board – Social Welfare and Samaj Kalyan : - The inaugural issue of “Social Welfare” was released in April,1954. - This was followed by the first issue of “ Samaj Kalyan ” in hindi in 1955 . (L) Implementation of Official Language : - “ Hindi Pakhwara ” (Hindi Fortnight) was celebrated in Board’s office during – quiz, essay, hindi typing, debate were organized. A “Hindi” workshop was organized in Board’ s office in 2003 to give information about targets pertaining to official implementation and Quarterly Hindi Progress Reports.The Committee of Parliament on Official Language met on 10 th Sept.,2003 for review,inspection of the use of Hindi in the Board .

52. NURSING MANAGEMENT AND ROLE OF THE COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE

53. CONCLUSION