Components of research thesis.pptx

contents of thesis writing

1. RESEARCH WRITING METHODS BY : Tofik Hussien November , 2023 Monday, November 20, 2023 1

2. What is research? The term ‘Research’ consists of two words: Research = Re + Search ‘Re ’ means again and again and ‘ Search ’ means to find out something . There fore, research means to observe the phenomena again and again from different dimensions . Research commonly refers to a search for knowledge. It is indeed a voyage of knowledge. Monday, November 20, 2023 2

3. Cont ,…. It is an organised, systematic, data-based critical scientific inquiry or investigation into a specific problem, undertaken with the objective of finding answers or solutions to it . Research is the systematic and objective identification, collection, analysis, dissemination of and use of information for the purpose of improving decision making related to the identification and solution of problems and opportunities Monday, November 20, 2023 3

4. Components of research Title An important eye-catcher and attention-getter; “ initial impressions ” of a research A title should be as concise and as informative as possible: it should describe the topic of your project precisely by using as few words as possible. Monday, November 20, 2023 4

5. Cont ,…. Most readers read only the title of a research paper and very few will go on to read the full paper In most cases about 10 – 15 words are sufficient The “title” should be descriptive, direct, accurate, appropriate, interesting, concise, precise, unique, and should not be misleading . Monday, November 20, 2023 5

6. How to formulate a good title Dos Select appropriate key words or phrases Mention the most important words first Avoid meaningless statements such as "...a study of..." or "...an investigation of...". Do not start a title with a present participle, such as "Investigating" or " Analysing ". The title should rather read: "An analysis of...". Don'ts Too short and broad In the title abbreviations should not be used Monday, November 20, 2023 6

7. 2. Abstract or Executive summary Concise summary of a research paper or entire thesis The abstract needs to be ; simple, specific, clear, unbiased, honest, concise, precise, stand-alone, complete, scholarly, (preferably) structured, and should not be misrepresentative The abstract should be consistent with the main text of the paper and should include the key message prominently It is very important to include the most important words and terms (the “keywords ”) Monday, November 20, 2023 7

8. Cont ,…. Most readers read only the title and the abstract of a research paper The “title” and the “abstract” are the “ initial impressions ” of a research Last not least the summary should be comprehensible even to non-experts In general a summary does not exceed one page in length But some times by the amount of words or characters It is a well-developed single paragraph of approximately 250 words in length, which is indented and single spaced. Monday, November 20, 2023 8

9. Cont ,…. Because the “title” and the “abstract” are the “initial impressions” or the “face” of a research article , they need to be drafted correctly, accurately, carefully, meticulously, and consume time and energy Most readers will read only the title and the abstract of a published research paper, and very few “interested ones” (especially, if the paper is of use to them) will go on to read the full paper . Monday, November 20, 2023 9

10. Abstracts generally cover the following five sections: Reason for writing: What is the importance of the research? Problem : What problem does this work attempt to solve? What is the scope of the project? What is the main argument, thesis or claim? Methodology : An abstract of a scientific work may include specific models or approaches used in the larger study. Other abstracts may describe the types of evidence used in the research. Results : An abstract of a scientific work may include specific data that indicates the results of the project. Other abstracts may discuss the findings in a more general way. Implications : How does this work add to the body of knowledge on the topic? Are there any practical or theoretical applications from your findings or implications for future research? Monday, November 20, 2023 10

11. 3. Introduction This section, along with the Title and Abstract, can be considered the face of any research paper Your introduction is the first section of your  research paper It is not a repetition of the abstract . It should clearly establish the focus and purpose of literature review. It does not provide data about methods, results, or conclusions. However, it provides more in-depth information on the background of the subject matter. It also explains what you attempted to discover, or issues that you wanted to resolve. The introduction will also explain if and why your study is new in the subject field and why it is important. It is often a good idea to wait until the rest of the paper is completed before drafting your introduction. This will help you to stay focused on the manuscript’s important points. Monday, November 20, 2023 11

12. 5. Literature review Reiterate your central problem or research question and give brief summary of the scholarly context. Literature review surveys scholarly source on specific topic Provide an overview of current knowledge Point out gaps in the existing research Purpose of lit review Demonstrate familiarity with the topic and scholarly context Position your approach in relation to other researcher Show your research fits in Monday, November 20, 2023 12

13. Materials and methods Include concise description of materials, procedures and equipment used; including how the study was conducted, how data was collected, what statistical analyses were undertaken. In general it describes what was done and how? Monday, November 20, 2023 13

14. Materials and Methods Materials All materials for the experiment, with name, type, manufacturer and condition of use. Exact names and qualities of chemicals, manufacturer Methods Detail procedures, others can repeat if new if the method is published give few detail and give reference If modified, give detail of modified section. How many times Under what condition Use only SI system units Monday, November 20, 2023 14

15. Results and discussions The results of the study are presented and discussed with reference to the aim of the research. Result reports, What we found with out speculating why we found and discussion interprets the meaning of the result, put them in context and explains why they matter Discussion indicates the significance of the result and give logical explanation by comparing and contrasting to prior studies’ findings discussed in the literature review. Discusses about problems identified in research question and put the researchers opinion that lead to conc. Monday, November 20, 2023 15

16. Conc After the completion of research, what did it show? Did they get the result expected? why or why not Monday, November 20, 2023 16

17. Ref It is a detailed description of the source of info that we wanted to credit via citation Monday, November 20, 2023 17

18. THANK YOU Monday, November 20, 2023 18