compressor; fan ; blower ; lubricating ; pump.pdf

compressor; fan ; blower ; lubricating ; pump.pdf

1. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Compressor ;fan; blower
pump;etc
Md Arifull Hoque Shaheen

2. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
➢Compressor
➢Fan & Blower
➢Pump
➢Bearing
➢Lubricating system
➢Sealing system

3. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
COMPRESSOR
➔Definition
➔Working principle of compressor by picture details
➔Application of compressor or using of compressor
➔Classification
➔Small description of all type compressor

4. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Definition
A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing
its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor.(একটি কেম্প্রেসার একটি যািন্ত্রক যন্ত্র
যা একটি গ্যােসর আয়তন কিমেয় চাপ বাড়ায়। একটি এয়ার কেম্প্রেসার একটি িনিদর্দেষ্ট ধরেনর গ্যাস কেম্প্রেসার।)
Compressors are similar to pumps: both increase the pressure on a fluid and both can
transport the fluid through a pipe. The main distinction is that the focus of a compressor
is to change the density or volume of the fluid, which is mostly only achievable on gases.
Gases are compressible, while liquids are relatively incompressible, so compressors are
rarely used for liquids.(কেম্প্রেসারগুিল পােম্পর মেতা: উভয়ই একটি তরেলর উপর চাপ বাড়ায় এবং উভয়ই একটি পাইেপর মাধ্যেম
তরল পিরবহন করেত পাের। প্রধান পাথর্দেক্য হল একটি সংেকাচকারীর :ফাকাস হল তরেলর ঘনত্ব বা ভিলউম পিরবতর্দেন করা, যা :বিশরভাগই
শুধুমাত্র গ্যােসর উপর অজর্দেনেযাগ্য। গ্যাসগুিল সংেকাচনেযাগ্য, যখন তরলগুিল তুলনামূলকভােব অসংেকাচনীয়, তাই তরলগুিলর জন্য
সংেকাচকারী খুব কমই ব্যবহৃত হয়।)
Compressor

5. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Working principle of compressor by picture details
Piston: It does reciprocating motion in the cylinder
and responsible for the compression of the air.
Cylinder: It is a chamber in which air is
compressed.
Connection Rod: It connects the piston and
crankshaft.
Crankshaft: It is connected to the shaft of electric
motor. And transfers its rotary motion to the
piston. Suction
valve: The air is sucked through suction valve
when piston moves to BDC.
Discharge valve: The compressed air is
discharged through the discharge valve to the
storage tank.

Compressor

6. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Compressor

7. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Application of compressor or using of compressor
Here are 13 ways air compressors are widely used in industry, leisure and in daily life. Some of them you may not expect.
1. Inflating (স্ফীত): While most air compressors store pressurised air to drive a motor, in their most basic form they use this
air directly. Compressed air can be used to inflate vehicle and bicycle tyres, balloons, air beds and other inflatables.
2. Spray painting(:? :পইিন্টং): Small air compressors are used to power airbrushes for personal and commercial use,
from delicate desktop brushes for artists to larger systems for repainting and touching up vehicle bodies. 3.
Pressure washing(চাপ :ধায়া): Pressure cleaners and water blasters use compressed air to pump water at high pressure,
enabling more effective cleaning of concrete floors and masonry, stain removal and engine bay degreasing.
4. Fountains(ঝণর্দো): Air compressors also control the precise release of water in fountains and timed water displays, as well
as snow displays in shopping centres.
5. Scuba diving(স্কুবা ডাইিভং): Compressed air is what makes diving possible. Pressurised air stored in tanks allows divers
to stay underwater for longer.
.

Compressor

8. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
6. Paintball(:পন্টবল): Paintball guns are connected to air canisters that use compressed air to fire ammunition.
Compressed air also powers air guns.
7. Cooling(কুিলং): Probably the most common use of air compressors in everyday life, refrigerators, freezers and air
conditioners all use air compressors to chill the air.
8. Engines Air(ইিঞ্জিন এয়ার): compressors are included in vehicle engines for heating and cooling, as well as in air brakes
for larger trucks and trains. Many theme park rides are run on compressed air.
9. Health(স্বাস্থ্য): Compressed air has a number of uses across the health services, such as dentists using compressed air
to clean away debris and prevent infection during treatments and hospitals delivering oxygen to patients.
10. Agriculture(কৃ িষ): Farms use air compressors to spray crops, power equipment, transport feed and grain to silos and
ventilate greenhouses.
CompressorApplication of compressor or using of compressor

9. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
11. Manufacturing Air(বায়ু উত্পাদন): cylinders power a range of pneumatic processes in factories and manufacturing
plants, from positioning, cutting and sanding to packaging and transport.
12. Workshops(কমর্দেশালা): Petrol and electric air compressors can drive power tools for personal use and in machine
shops. Small tools such as nail guns and impact wrenches only require a small air compressor, while a more powerful unit
will be needed for pneumatic drills, sanders or grinders.
13. Construction(িনমর্দোণ): Construction sites can power a range of tools and equipment using a larger air compressor, such
as drills, hammers and compactors
CompressorApplication of compressor or using of compressor

10. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification Compressor

11. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Small description of all type compressor
Positive Displacement
Positive displacement air compressors force air in a chamber
where the volume is decreased to compress the air. Positive
displacement is an umbrella term that describes different air
compressors that are power through positive air displacement.
Although the internal systems vary among different machines,
the method of providing the power is the same.

Compressor

12. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Positive Displacement
1. Rotary Screw : Rotary screw compressors
have two internal “screws” that rotate in opposite directions,
trapping and compressing air between them. The two
screws also generate constant movement as they rotate
around.This is a common type of air compressor and is one
of the easiest to take care of. The engines are typically
industrial-sized and are great for continuous use.

Small description of all type compressor Compressor

13. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Positive Displacement
2. Rotary Vane: Rotary vane compressors are like
rotary screw compressors, but instead of screws, vanes are
mounted on a rotor and rotated inside the cavity. The air
compresses between the vane and its casing and is then
pushed out at a different exhaust port. Rotary vane
compressors are very easy to use, making them very popular
for private projects.

Small description of all type compressor Compressor

14. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Positive Displacement
3. Reciprocating/Piston Type
1. Single Stage: In the single stage compressors, the air is
compressed on one side of the piston, while the other side
deals with the functionality of it: as the piston moves down, the
air is drawn in, and when it moves up, the air is
compressed.Single stage compressors are relatively affordable
compared to the other compressors and are typically easy to
acquire; they can be found in almost any mechanic shop.

Small description of all type compressor Compressor

15. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Small description of all type compressor Compressor
Positive Displacement
3. Reciprocating/Piston Type
2. Two Stage:Two stage compressors have two
compression chambers on either side of a piston. Double-acting
compressors are typically water-cooled by a continuous stream
of water through the engine. This provides a better cooling
system than other compressors.Due to their high cost, two
stage compressors are better for factories and workshops
versus private projects

16. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Dynamic Displacement
Dynamic displacement compressors utilize a rotating blade
powered by an engine to generate airflow. The air is then
restricted to create pressure, and the kinetic energy is stored
within the compressor.These are mainly designed for large
projects, like at chemical plants or steel manufacturers, so it’s
unlikely you’ll be able to find one at your local mechanic.Just
like with positive displacement compressors, there are two
distinct types of dynamic displacement: axial and centrifugal.


Small description of all type compressor Compressor

17. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Dynamic Displacement
1. Axial Compressors: Axial compressors use a
series of turbine blades to generate air, forcing it through a small
area. Although similar to other bladed compressors, axial
compressors operate with stationary blades which slow airflow,
increasing pressure. These types of air compressors aren’t very
common and have limited functionality. They’re used mainly in
aircraft engines and in large air separation plants.

Small description of all type compressor Compressor

18. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Small description of all type compressor Compressor
Dynamic Displacement
2. Centrifugal Compressors: Centrifugal, or radial
compressors, work by bringing air into the center through a rotating
impeller, which is then pushed forward through centrifugal, or
outward, force. By slowing the flow of air through a diffuser, more
kinetic energy is generated. Electric high-speed motors are typically
used for these kinds of compressors. One of the more common uses
of centrifugal compressors is through HVAC systems.

19. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
FAN & BLOWER
➔Definition
➔Working principle of FAN & BLOWER by picture details
➔Application of FAN & BLOWER or using of FAN &
BLOWER
➔Classification
➔Difference between FAN & BLOWER

20. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Definition
Fans and blowers, are mechanical devices used for circulation of air. Based on this, they are differentiated from each other,
wherein a fan circulates air around an entire room, or space, and a blower only focuses on the specific or given area.
Generally, a fan is an electrical device that moves air, whereas a blower is a mechanical device that consists of a fan, and
which channels the air from the fan and directs it to a specific location or point. Also, a fan circulates the air around an
entire room or a large area, while a blower is only positioned to a specific direction or point.(সাধারণত, একটি পাখা হল একটি
;বদু্যিতক যন্ত্র যা বাতাসেক সঞ্চালন কের, :যখােন একটি :ব্লায়ার হল একটি যািন্ত্রক যন্ত্র যা একটি পাখা িনেয় গঠিত এবং যা ফ্যান :থেক বাতাসেক প্রবািহত
কের এবং একটি িনিদর্দেষ্ট অবস্থান বা িবন্দুেত িনেদর্দেশ কের। এছাড়াও, একটি ফ্যান একটি সম্পূণর্দে ঘর বা একটি বড় জায়গার চারপােশ বাতাস সঞ্চালন কের,
যখন একটি :ব্লায়ার শুধুমাত্র একটি িনিদর্দেষ্ট িদক বা িবন্দুেত অবস্থান কের।)
Fans: a Fan is a machine used to move fluid or air. It is operated through a motor via electricity which rotates the blades
that are attached to a shaft.(একটি ফ্যান একটি :মিশন যা তরল বা বায়ু সরােনার জন্য ব্যবহৃত হয়। এটি িবদু্যেতর মাধ্যেম একটি :মাটেরর মাধ্যেম
চািলত হয় যা শ্যাফেটর সােথ সংযুক্তি :ব্লডগুিলেক :ঘারায়।)
Blowers: Blower is a machine to move air at a moderate pressure. Or simply, blowers are used for blowing air/gas.(:ব্লায়ার
একটি মাঝাির চােপ বায়ু সরােনার একটি :মিশন। বা সহজভােব, :ব্লায়ারগুিল বায়ু/গ্যাস ফুঁেত ব্যবহৃত হয়.)
FAN & BLOWER

21. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Definition FAN & BLOWER

22. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Working principle of FAN & BLOWER by picture details
FAN & BLOWER

23. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Application of FAN & BLOWER or using of FAN & BLOWER
Industrial fans are also used in a variety of applications such as chemical, medical, automotive,
agricultural, mining, food processing, and construction industries, which can each utilize
industrial fans for their respective processes. They are mainly used in many cooling and drying
applications.(রাসায়িনক, িচিকৎসা, স্বয়ংচািলত, কৃিষ, খিনর, খাদ্য প্রিক্রয়াকরণ এবং িনমর্দোণ িশেল্পের মেতা িবিভন্ন ধরেনর অ্যািপ্লিেকশেনও িশল্পে
ফ্যান ব্যবহার করা হয়, যা প্রেত্যেক তােদর িনজ িনজ প্রিক্রয়ার জন্য িশল্পে ভক্তিেদর ব্যবহার করেত পাের। এগুিল প্রধানত অেনক শীতল এবং শুকােনার
অ্যািপ্লিেকশনগুিলেত ব্যবহৃত হয়।)
Centrifugal blowers are routinely used for applications such as dust control, combustion air
supplies, on cooling, drying systems, for fluid bed aerators with air conveyor systems etc. Positive
displacement blowers are often used in pneumatic conveying, and for sewage aeration, filter
flushing, and gas boosting, as well as for moving gases of all kinds in the petrochemical
industries.(:সিন্ট্রিিফউগাল :ব্লায়ারগুিল িনয়িমতভােব ব্যবহার করা হয় :যমন ধুেলা িনয়ন্ত্রণ, দহন বায়ু সরবরাহ, শীতলকরণ, শুকােনার িসেস্টিেম,
বায়ু পিরবাহক িসেস্টিম সহ তরল :বড এয়ােরটর ইত্যািদর জন্য। ইিতবাচক স্থানচু্যিত :ব্লায়ারগুিল প্রায়শই বায়ুসংক্রান্ত পিরবহণ, এবং নদর্দেমা বায়ুচলাচল,
িফল্টার ফ্লািশংেয়র জন্য ব্যবহৃত হয়। এবং গ্যাস বুিস্টিং, :সইসােথ :পেট্রােকিমক্যাল িশেল্পে সব ধরেণর গ্যােসর চলমান জন্য।)
FAN & BLOWER

24. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Application of FAN & BLOWER or using of FAN & BLOWER

Industrial blowers are used in operations and applications where the flow of gas or air is necessary
such as conveying systems, ventilation, cooling, aspiration, and exhaust systems.
The differentiation between blowers is determined by the type of blower, flow capacity, dimensions,
operating pressure, design, and electrical rating. The many types of blowers are used for cooling,
drying, dust control, and fluid bed aerators.
Air Handling , Dust Loading , Fume Extraction , Material Handling , Saturated Air , Exhausting , Cooling ,
Blow-Off , High Pressure , Material Conveying.


FAN & BLOWER

25. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification
Types of fans
Depending on their designs, the following are main types of fans:

Centrifugal fans: In this type of fan, airflow changes
direction. They can be inclined, radial, forward curved, backward
curved etc. These kinds of fans are suitable for high temperatures
and low and medium blade tip speeds at high pressures. These can
be effectively used for highly contaminated airstreams.

FAN & BLOWER

26. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification

FAN & BLOWER
Axial Fans: In this type of fan, there
is no change in direction of airflow.
They can be Vanaxial, Tubeaxial, and
Propeller. They produce lower
pressure than the Centrifugal fans.
Propeller-type fans are capable of
high-flow rates at low pressures.
Tube-axial fans have low/medium
pressure and high flow capability.
Vane-axial fans have an inlet or outlet
guide vanes, exhibit high pressure
and medium flow-rate capabilities.

27. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification
1. Positive Displacement Blowers
A positive displacement blower works for maintaining a constant flow
and speed irrespective of the change in pressure. This makes it ideal
for moving neutral and air gases. It is highly effective and removes the
gas through the decreasing section. In a simple way, a positive
displacement blower will trap and release the air. The blower has a
simple function and it comes in two different types.
a. Rotary Lobe Blowers: A rotary lobe blower is a type of positive
displacement blower that comes with two spinning rotors. Here the
rotors spin in opposite directions that suck in the air before pushing
them out. It can produce high air volume which makes it ideal for
vacuum systems. The rotary lobe blower goes with different types of
blowers and requires less maintenance.However, they do come with a
disadvantage and can be very loud. Even the air pressure is very low
making it suitable for limited applications. Another thing is that it is not
energy efficient.
b. Helical Screw Blowers: Another type of positive displacement
blower is the helical screw blower. It features two lobes where there is
the main rotor. The rotor will go into the second rotor’s flute. It is the
design of the helical screw blower that prevents the two rotors to come
in contact with each other.

FAN & BLOWER

28. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification
2. Centrifugal Blowers
Ideal for ventilation systems, a centrifugal blower helps in
controlling air pollution and gas transportation. It is a
common type of blower that lets you use it for ventilation
purposes. It works by changing the direction of the airflow
and turns in 90 degrees. With a centrifugal blower, there will
be continuous gas transfer. While passing the gas through
the centrifugal blower, increases the kinetic energy. You can
easily use these types of blowers for various applications
which require variable flow with high pressure. It features
rotating impellers that help to discharge the gas.

FAN & BLOWER

29. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification
3. Multistage Centrifugal Blowers
Multistage centrifugal blowers are a type of centrifugal
blower that rotates the machine for increasing the air
pressure. It has an electric motor that offers high-pressure
tolerance. Even the flow rate is very high making it ideal for
different applications. You can easily use a multistage
centrifugal blower for different purposes including
wastewater treatment industry, powering of artificial lungs,
and landfill gas boosting.

FAN & BLOWER

30. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification
4. High-Speed Blowers
When it comes to high-speed blowers, it offers
high pressure and high flow. It is perfect for
different purposes as it can offer a double
suction. Equipped with a motor, it features
impellers on each side. The directly coupled
impellers let you connect it to a permanent
magnet motor that has a variable frequency
drive.

FAN & BLOWER

31. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification
5. Regenerative Blowers
In a regenerative blower, you will find oil-free components
that make it easy to maintain. You can easily use it for
different applications that require low pressure. These types
of blowers work by creating pressure by displacing the air
molecules. It features impeller spins that will capture in
between the blades. It works by having non-positive
displacement which forces the air to move. The blower can
be perfect for moving large air volumes and you can use it
in sensitive environments.

FAN & BLOWER

32. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Difference between FAN & BLOWER FAN & BLOWER
Name Fan Blower
Definition
A fan circulates air around an entire room,
or space.
A blower circulates the air only on the
specific or pointed area.
Pressure
It is uses less pressure to produce large
amounts of gas.
It is uses high pressure to produce large
amounts of gas.
Pressure ratio The ratio of pressure is below 1.1. The ratio of pressure is from 1.1 to 1.2.
Air area It provides air in the complete area. It provides air in a specific location or point.
Types
●Axial flow fans.
●Centrifugal fans.
●Cross- flow fans.
●Centrifugal blowers.
●Positive-displacement blowers.
Consists of
It consists of a motor and blades, which run
of electricity.
It consists of a fan, outer cover, inlet, out-let.

33. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
PUMP
➢Definition
➢Working principle
➢Uses of pump
➢Classification of pump

34. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Definition
A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by
mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into Hydraulic energy.
Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they use to
move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.(একটি পাম্প একটি িডভাইস যা
তরল গুিল (তরল বা গ্যাস) সিরেয় :দয় বা কখনও কখনও স্লািরগুিলেক যািন্ত্রক িক্রয়া দ্বারা সাধারণত ;বদু্যিতক
শিক্তি :থেক হাইেড্রািলক শিক্তি :ত রূপান্তিরত কের। পাম্প গুিল তরল সরােনা জন্য :য পদ্ধিতটি ব্যবহার কের :স
অনুযায়ী িতনেট বড় গ্রুেপ :শ্রেিণবদ্ধ করা :যেত পাের: সরাসির িলফট, স্থান চু্যিত এবং মাধ্যাকষর্দেণ পাম্প)

Pump

35. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Working principle
It works on the principle of forced vortex flow. The
forced vortex flow means when a certain mass of fluid
or liquid is allowed to rotate by an external torque than
there is a rise in pressure head of the rotating liquid
takes place. This rise in pressure head is used to deliver
water from one location to another. It is centrifugal
force acting on the fluid that makes it to flow within the
casing.(এটি :জারপূবর্দেক ঘূিণর্দে প্রবােহর নীিতেত কাজ কের। :জারপূবর্দেক
ঘূিণর্দে প্রবাহ মােন যখন তরল বা তরেলর একটি িনিদর্দেষ্ট ভরেক বাইেরর
ঘূণর্দেন সঁচারক বল দ্বারা :ঘারােনার অনুমিত :দওয়া হয় তখন ঘূণর্দোয়মান
তরেলর চাপ মাথার বৃিদ্ধ ঘেট। চােপর মাথার এই বৃিদ্ধ এক স্থান :থেক
অন্য স্থােন জল সরবরাহ করেত ব্যবহৃত হয়। এটি :কন্দ্রািতগ শিক্তি যা
তরেলর উপর কাজ কের যা এটিেক আবরেণর মেধ্য প্রবািহত কের।)
Pump

36. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Uses of pump
Applications of pumps
Below are some most popular applications of pumps.
●Pumping water from the wells
●Aquarium and pond filtering
●Water cooling and fuel injection in automobiles
●Pumping oil or gas and operating cooling towers in energy industry
●They also have their uses in waste water recycling, pulp and paper, chemical
industry etc.

Pump

37. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification of pump Pump

38. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification

A more basic system of pump classification is based on the principle by which energy is added to the fluid.
Under this system, all pump types generally fall into two main categories –
1.Dynamic (Centrifugal) Pumps – Energy is continuously added to increase the fluid velocities within
the machine.
2.Positive Displacement Pumps – Energy is periodically added by application of force to one or
more movable boundaries of enclosed, fluid-containing volumes.
( ডায়নািমক (:সিন্ট্রিফুগাল) পাম্প - :মিশেনর মেধ্য তরল :বগ বাড়ােনার জন্য অিবিচ্ছিন্নভােব শিক্তি যুক্তি করা হয়।
ধনাত্মক স্থানচু্যিত পাম্প - ঘন ঘন, তরলযুক্তি ভিলউেমর এক বা একািধক স্থাবর সীমানায় বল প্রেয়ােগর মাধ্যেম শিক্তি পযর্দোয়ক্রেম যুক্তি
হয়।)

Pump

39. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification

Pump

40. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification Pump

41. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
➢Definition of bearing
➢Working principle of bearing
➢Uses of bearing
➢Classification of bearing
Bearing

42. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Definition of bearing
A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only
the desired motion, and reduces friction between moving parts. The
design of the bearing may, for example, provide for free linear
movement of the moving part or for free rotation around a fixed axis; or,
it may prevent a motion by controlling the vectors of normal forces that
bear on the moving parts. Most bearings facilitate the desired motion
by minimizing friction. Bearings are classified broadly according to the
type of operation, the motions allowed, or to the directions of the loads
(forces) applied to the parts. (একটি িবয়ািরং হল একটি :মিশন উপাদান যা
আেপিক্ষেক গিতেক শুধুমাত্র পছন্দসই গিতেত সীমাবদ্ধ কের এবং চলমান অংশগুিলর মেধ্য ঘষর্দেণ
কমায়। ভারবহেনর নকশা, উদাহরণস্বরূপ, চলমান অংেশর িবনামূেল্য ;রিখক আেন্দালেনর জন্য
বা একটি িনিদর্দেষ্ট অেক্ষের চারপােশ িবনামূেল্য ঘূণর্দেেনর জন্য প্রদান করেত পাের; অথবা, এটি
চলমান অংশগুিলেত বহনকারী স্বাভািবক শিক্তির :ভক্টরগুিলেক িনয়ন্ত্রণ কের একটি গিতেক
প্রিতেরাধ করেত পাের। :বিশরভাগ িবয়ািরং ঘষর্দেণ কিমেয় পছন্দসই গিতর সুিবধা :দয়।
িবয়ািরংগুিলেক িবস্তৃতভােব :শ্রেণীবদ্ধ করা হয় অপােরশেনর ধরন, অনুেমািদত গিত বা
অংশগুিলেত প্রেয়াগ করা :লােডর (:ফাসর্দে) িনেদর্দেশ অনুসাের।)
Bearing

43. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Working principle of bearing
The bearing makes many of the machines we
use every day possible. Without bearings we
would constantly be replacing parts that wear
out from friction.Objects roll more easily than
they slide. The wheels on your car are like big
bearings. If you had something like skis instead
of wheels, your car would be much more difficult
to push down the road.
Bearings reduce friction by providing smooth
balls or rollers, and smooth inner and outer
surfaces for the balls to roll against. These balls
or rollers “bear” the load, allowing the device to
spin smoothly.

Bearing

44. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Uses of bearing
Application of Ball Bearings:
Household Items: Bicycles, Skateboards, Sewing Machines, Washing Machines, Tumble
Driers, Food Processors, Hair Dryers, DVD Players, Fishing Rods.
Office Equipment: Photocopiers, Fax Machines, Hard-Drives, Fans, Air-Conditioners
Industries: Elevators, Assembly Lines, Escalators, Medical and Dental Equipment, High-speed
Machine Tooling Equipment, Paper Making Machinery, Chain Saws, Power Tools, Pumps /
Compressors. Toy Manufacturing, Trains, Wind Turbines.
Automotive: Engines, Steering, Driveshaft and Driveline, Electric Motors, Gear Boxes,
Transmissions
Bearing

45. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Classification of bearing
There are at least 6 common types of bearing,
[14]
each of which operates on a different principle:
●Plain bearing, consisting of a shaft rotating in a hole. There are several specific styles: bushing, journal
bearing, sleeve bearing, rifle bearing, composite bearing;
●Rolling-element bearings, whose performance does not depend on avoiding or reducing friction between two
surfaces but employ a different principle to achieve low external friction: the rolling motion of an intermediate
element in between the surfaces which bears the axial or radial load. Classified as either:
○Ball bearing, in which the rolling elements are spherical balls;
○Roller bearing, in which the rolling elements are cylindrical rollers, linearly-tapered (conical) rollers,
or rollers with a curved taper (so-called spherical rollers);
●Jewel bearing, a plain bearing in which one of the bearing surfaces is made of an ultrahard glassy jewel
material such as sapphire to reduce friction and wear;
●Fluid bearing, a noncontact bearing in which the load is supported by a gas or liquid (i.e. air bearing);
●Magnetic bearing, in which the load is supported by a magnetic field;
●Flexure bearing, in which the motion is supported by a load element which bends.

Bearing

46. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Lubricating Systems
Lubricating Systems
Lubricating systems are systems used to assist the smooth and healthy operation of rotating machinery parts like gears, bearings, dies, chains, spindles,
cables, pumps, and rails. Manual lubrication methods (e.g. with a grease gun) are typically performed on schedule by an individual worker.
Importance of Lubrication Systems
Arguably, proper lubrication is the most important factor in industrial maintenance. Without lubricating systems, many industrial and manufacturing
processes would wear down from friction, overheating, and generally require maintenance much more quickly. (Without lubrication, industrial bearings rarely
last more than 10% of their potential life span.) Machinery that requires constant maintenance increases production downtime and negatively affects
commercial productivity overall. Some US-based estimates attribute a little over 50% of total industrial bearing failures to a lack of proper lubrication.

47. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Applications

Industries that take advantage of the benefits offered by lubrication systems include the automotive
industry, food and beverage, mining, printing, packaging, steel, paper, and industrial machining. Actual
locations that depend on lubricating systems include power plants, oilfields, and steel processing facilities.
Some types of lubricating systems are even used at residential homes for computer and car maintenance.

48. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Sealing system
A mechanical seal is a device that helps join systems or mechanisms together by
preventing leakage (e.g. in a pumping system), containing pressure, or excluding
contamination. The effectiveness of a seal is dependent on adhesion in the case
of sealants and compression in the case of gaskets.

Sealant is a substance used to block the passage of fluids through openings in materials,
[1]
a type of mechanical seal.
In building construction sealant is sometimes synonymous with caulking and also serve the purposes of blocking dust,
sound and heat transmission. Sealants may be weak or strong, flexible or rigid, permanent or temporary. Sealants are
not adhesives but some have adhesive qualities and are called adhesive-sealants or structural sealants.

49. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]

50. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Seal types:
Seal types:
●Induction sealing or cap sealing
●Adhesive, sealant
●Bodok seal, a specialized gas sealing washer for medical applications
●Bonded seal, also known as Dowty seal or Dowty washer. A type of washer with integral gasket, widely used to
provide a seal at the entry point of a screw or bolt
[2][3]
●Bridgman seal, a piston sealing mechanism that creates a high pressure reservoir from a lower pressure source
●Bung
●Compression seal fitting
●Diaphragm seal
●Ferrofluidic seal
●Gasket or Mechanical packing
○Flange gasket
○O-ring
○O-ring boss seal
○Piston

51. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Seal types:

●Glass-to-metal seal
●Glass-ceramic-to-metal seals
●Heat seal
●Hose coupling, various types of hose couplings
●Hermetic seal
●Hydrostatic seal
●Hydrodynamic seal
●Inflatable seal Seals that inflate and deflate in three basic directions of operation: the axial direction, the
radial-in direction, and the radial-out direction. Each of these inflation directions has their own set of
performance parameters for measurements such as the height of inflation and the center-line bend radius
that the seal can negotiate. Inflatable seals can be used for numerous applications with difficult sealing
issues.

52. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Seal types:
●Labyrinth seal A seal which creates a tortuous path for the liquid to flow through
●Lid (container)
●Rotating face mechanical seal
●Face seal
●Plug
●Radial shaft seal
●Trap (plumbing) (siphon trap)
●Stuffing box (mechanical packing)
●Wiper seal
●Dry gas seal

53. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Thank you

54. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]
Lubrication systems distribute the lubricant to the moving machine parts in contact. Lubricants reduce the friction between sliding or
rolling machine elements, such as gears, spindles, bearings, chains, dies, screws, cylinders, valves, and cables, in order to prevent
wear, heat generation, and premature failure and prolong the service life of the machine elements. Lubricants may also function as a
coolant that prevents thermal expansion, which consequently degrades the accuracy of the machine element.

55. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]

56. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]

57. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]

58. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]

59. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]

60. Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Diploma In chemical
Engineer
[email protected]