Computer Summer Task Task 1 day1.pptx

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1. Computer System • Task :1   Day:1 PPT Made By: P.Loukick 9C

2. WHAT IS A COMPUTER? A Computer is a machine that can be programmed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Modern computers can perform generic sets of operations known as programs. These programs enable computers to perform a wide range of tasks. A computer system includes the hardware, operating system and peripheral equipment. Characteristics of a computer are – Speed, Accuracy, Cost Effectiveness, Diligence, Storage Capacity, Versatility, Time Saving , Automation and Secur i ty. Limitations of a computer are – Zero I.Q., Lack in decision making power and Dependence on electricity

3. DESIGN OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM A computer responds to a set of instructions in a well-defined manner. It executes a list of instructions called Program . HARDWARE :- The physical components of a computer system that can be felt, seen and touched are called Hardware . SOFTWARE :- It is a collection of computer programs, procedures and documentations that perform certain tasks using the hardware components.

4. INPUT D evices It accepts instructions and data from outside. It converts these instructions and data in computer acceptable form. It supplies the converted instructions and data to the computer system for further processing.

5. OUTPUT Devices It accepts the results produced by the CPU. It converts these coded results to human acceptable form. It supplies the converted results to outside world.

6. STORAGE UNIT When a user enters data using input devices, the computer system stores this data in memory unit i.e. Storage Unit . The storage unit uses a set of pre- programmed instructions to further transmit this data to other parts of CPU. Storage units of all the computers are comprised of two types of memories: Primary Memory and Secondary Memory .

7. PRIMARY MEMORY Primary Memory is computer memory that a processor or computer accesses first or directly. It allows a processor to access running execution applications and services that are temporarily stored in a specific memory location. Primary memory is also known as Main Memory . It compromises of two types of memory technology, i.e. ROM ( Read Only Memory ) and RAM ( Random Access Memory ).

8. SECONDARY MEMORY Secondary Memory as it is not directly accessible through the CPU and is non- volatile. Secondary devices have a much larger storage capacity and the cost of secondary memory is less as compared to primary memory. It is also called Permanent Storage . USBs, DVDs, CDs, Blu-Ray Disc are example of Removable Storage Secondary Memory Media whereas the Hard Disk Drive and Floppy Disc are examples of Fixed Storage Secondary Memory Media .

9. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT ( CPU ) A Central Processing Unit ( CPU ), also called a Central Processor , is the electronic circuitry that executes instructions comprising a computer program. The CPU performs basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions in the program. This contrasts with external components such as main memory and I/O circuitry. Control unit ( CU ) and Arithm e tic Logic Unit ( ALU ) are the parts of CPU.

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