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1. DAARSHANIKA SIDDHANTA ​ Concepts in Jaina D arshan PRESENTER Dr. Shruthi Panambur Final year PG scholar Dept of PG studies in Ayurveda Samhita and Siddhanta Sri Sri College of Ayurvedic Science & Research hospital GUIDED BY Dr. Sri Nagesh K.A Professor & HOD Dept Of PG Studies In Ayurveda Samhita And Siddhanta Sri Sri College Of Ayurvedic Science & Research Hospital 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 1

2. CONTENT Introduction Review on literature Discussion Conclusion 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 2

3. Introduction Darshanas are the part of I ndian philosophy, evaluated along with creation and developed during the period of Upanishads. Darshana include all science, physical, mental, intellectual and spiritual. Darshanas means is to see or look at and it is the collections of thoughts and doctrines propounded by the different school of thoughts about the creation of universe. Among darshanas jaina darshana is one and it is one among aasthika naasthika darshana . It accepts the existence of aatma and purvajanma but does not accept the authenticity of vedas . Jaina darshana propagates ahimsa 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 3

4. Jaina D arshana Nirukti जैन ​ - जि- जये+नक् “ रागद्वेषादिमनोविकाराञ्जयतीति जिनः , जिन एव उपास्य देवताऽस्येति जैनः ” ( bharateeya darshana ) the person who try to win over the worldly bondage( raaga dwesha ) and renunciate the worldly enjoyment , the group that is followed is known as “ jain ”. It is also called aarhata darshana 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 4

5. Arhat and T eerthankara अर्हत् सर्वज्ञो जितरागादिदोषस्त्रैलोक्यपूजितः। यथास्थितार्थवादि च देवोऽर्हत् प्रमेश्वरः ॥ ( sarva darshana Sangraha) those who knows everything and has control over raga, dvesha , krodha etc. who are worshipped by all in the universe are called Arhat / parameshwara . तीर्थङ्कर ​ तरति संसारमहार्णवं येन तत्तीर्थम्, तं करोतीति तीर्थङ्करः || ( bhaarateeya darshana ) Those who have control over raagadi Shareera shatru and travelled all over the life. 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 5

6. 24 Teerthankara Rishabhanaath Ajitanaath Sambhavanaatha Abhinandana Sumatinaatha Padmaprabha Supaarshvanaatha Chandraprabha Suvidhinaatha Sheetalanaatha Shreyaamsanaatha Vaayupoojya 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 6 13.Vimalanaatha 14.Anantanaatha 15.Dharmanaatha 16.Shaantinaatha 17.Kunthunaatha 18.Aranaatha 19.Mallinaatha 20.Munisavrata 21.Naabhinaatha 22.Neminaatha 23.Paarshvanaatha 24.Vardhamaana mahaaveera

7. Types भुङ्क्ते न केवली न स्त्री मोक्षमेति दिगम्बरः॥ प्राहुरेषामयं भेदो महान् श्वेताम्बरैः सह ॥ ( sarvadharshana sangeaha ) 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 7

8. Jnaana Knowing about chetana is jnaana according to jaina darshana . It is obtained naturally when the chetana is vishaya mukta . But due to saamsarika bandana the jnaana will not establish. परोक्ष​ प्रत्यक्ष 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 8 अवधि मनः पर्याय ​ केवल​ मति श्रुति स्मृति प्रत्यभिज्ञा तर्क​ अनुमान​ आगम​

9. Syaat vaada or A nekaanta vaada or S apta bhangi naya एको भावः सर्वथा येन दृष्टः सर्वे भावाः सर्वथा तेन दृष्टाः। सर्वे भावाः सर्वथा येन दृष्टा एको भावः सर्वथा तेन दृष्टः ॥ (shad darshana samucchaya ) सप्तभंगी नय ​ स्यात् अस्ति स्यान्नास्ति स्यादस्ति नास्ति स्यादवक्तव्यो स्यादस्ति चावक्तव्य​ स्यान्नास्ति चावक्तव्य​ स्यादस्ति च नास्ति चावक्तव्य​ 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 9

10. Sapta padaartha / sapta tatva जीव​ - living creature अजीव​ - non living creature आस्रव तत्व ​ - influx of matter into aatma (the activities of the creatures that attracts) by the yoga of tana , mana, vachana . बन्ध तत्व ​ - attachment or bondage to aatma – prakruthi bandha, sthiti bandha, anubhava bandha, pravesha bandha संवरतत्व​ -prevention of influx. Control over raga, dwesha , moha etc. निर्जरा तत्व ​ - separation of the bondage मोक्ष तत्व ​ - complete liberation of aatma . Also it is called nirvaana 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 10

11. Dravya Dravya has उत्पत्ति स्थिति विनष्ट ​ . It is of two types jeeva and ajeeva jeeva - dvirindriya , tririndriya , chaturindriyapanchendriya naaraka , maanushya , tiryancha ( pashu pakshi ), deva( tatvaarthadhigama sootra ) 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 11

12. Dravya Ajeeva - pudgala , dharma , adharma , aakaasha , kaala P udgala ( anu , sangaata )- things which is continuously changing by the process of supplementation or disintegration. It is formed from paramaanu , so it is divided into dvayanuka , trayanuka etc. Combination are called sangaata or sknadha - ati sthoola (stones, mountains), sthoola ( jala , taila , ghrita ), sthoola sookshma ( prakaash , andhakaara,chaaya ), sookshma sthoola ( varna , roopa , rasa, gandha , sparsha ), sookshma ( dvayanuka ). 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 12

13. Aachaara रत्न त्रय ​ - सम्यक् दर्शन ​ - the right faith/ shraddha सम्यक् ज्ञान ​ - right knowledge सम्यक् चरित्र ​ - right conduct are done by panmahaa vrata , samiti , gupti , dharma, anupreksha , parishahajaya , charitra 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 13

14. Pancha maha vrata अहिंस ​ - not to hurt any living being by action or thoughts सत्य​ - not to lie or speak what is not commendable अस्तेय ​ - not to take anything if not given ब्रह्मचर्य - celibacy in action, words and thought अपरिग्रह - detachment from material property ​​ 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 14

15. Pancha samiti Samiti means living by exercising a restraint or discipline over actions that are essential to lead our lives ईर्या समिति - limit in movement भाषा समिति - limit in speech एषण समिति - limit of articles आदाननिक्षेप समिति - limit in respect of receiving and keeping the necessary things उत्सर्ग समिति – limit in respect of throwing away articles. 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 15

16. Tri gupti Gupti – restraining or concealing काय गुप्ति - restraint of the body वाग्गुप्ति -restraint of the speech मनोगुप्ति - restraint of the mind 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 16

17. Dasha dharma lakshana Kshama Maardava Aarjava Shaucha Samyama Satya Tapa Tyaaga Akinchana Brahmacharya 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 17

18. Pareeshaya jaya There are 22 factors which all should over win they are Hunger, thirst, sheeta , taapa , damshamashaka , nagnata , arati , stree , charya , nishadha , shipya , aakrosha , vadha , begging, alaabha , roga , trunasarsha , mala, satkaara , pragna , ajnaana , adarshana . ( tatvaarthaadigama sootra ) 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 18

19. Guna - sthaana The stages from the false belief to pure knowledge, which will lead to enlightened stage(siddhi) that is spiritual development are called guna sthaana . It is of 14 stages- 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 19 Mithyaatva / viveka heenata Granthi bheda - knows difference between sat and asat Mishri – in between true and false knowledge Avirata – continuous effort to know the true knowledge Desha virata - the stage of partial self control Pramatta – slightly imperfect vows Apramatta – perfect vows Apoorva karana -new thought activity Anivrutti karana - advanced thought activity Sookshma saamparaaya -slightest delusion Upashaanta moha - subsided delusion Ksheena moha - destroyed delusion Samyoga kevali – omniscience with vibration Ayoga kevali - the stage of omniscience without any activity.

20. Siddhaatma Those who are enlightened are called siddhaatma , who are considered as the guide. They are five – Teerthankara Arhat Aachaarya Upaadhyaaya Saadhuvarga 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 20

21. Discussion 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 21

22. Sapta padaartha / sapta tatva जीव , अजीव , आस्रव तत्व ​ , बन्ध तत्व ​ , संवरतत्व​ , निर्जरा तत्व ​ , मोक्ष तत्व ​ Here dravya are classified into jeeva and ajeeva Here the knowledge of sapta padartha is essential for the liberation of aatma (moksha). The kaarana for janma , not getting moksha are aasrava and banda The kaarana for moksha are samvara and nirjara 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 22

23. Siddhanta Namakarana Siddhanta – Nirukti of jaina , pudgala , arhat , teerthankara , ratna traya Kaarya – kaarana siddhanta Karma is kaarana for birth( kaarya ) Karma vimukti from vishaya is kaarana for moksha( kaarya ) 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 23

24. Pramaana Jaina darshana believes that obtaining the jnaana without the help of external vishaya is prathyaksha. Because they believe that getting the aatma jnaana for the purpose of moksha is prathyaksha. Other than that all are paroksha jnaana . That is the application of the jnaana obtained by the scriptures or aagama is done because the karma is responsible for punarjanma . 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 24

25. Vaada Syaat vaada / anekanta vaada They believe jnaana is of two types, one is to know about the thing as it is and other is to see the thing in a different angles to understand that in proper and detail way and to get the true knowledge. Parinaama vaada Parinaama takes place in pudgala , dravya has utpatti , stiti and naasha . Anu and sanghata form of pudgala is due to parinaama Kaala is always a kaarana for parinaama 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 25

26. Vishesha parakarana Shrishti utpatti according to jaina darshana is unknown antiquity. They believe that there will be no destruction of sat and from asat nothing will produce and here eeshwara is asat which is not responsible for shrishti utpatti which is a kaarya . Jaina darshana believe teerthankaras as eeshwara who guides them the path for moksha. Who is in siddhi avastha (enlightened stage) Ahimsa is the main for moksha. Pudgala can be considered as maha bhuta that is vaayu , agni , jala , prithvi . Aakaasha is mentioned separately. 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 26

27. Vishesha parakarana Mainly believing, attaining knowledge and following it properly is reason for moksha. Restraining the bad activities and doing good activities which is related to vaak , kaaya , mana explained. The 14 stages of guna sthaana refers to the stages of manas from tamasika dosha heading towards saatvika guna which will lead to moksha. 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 27

28. Similarities between Jaina darshana and Ayurveda Apthopadesha , prathyaksha, anumana are accepted Sadvritha explained in ayurveda and following aachara by jaina has similarities. That is control over vaak , kaaya mana is mainly mentioned in both Both believes aatma and paramaatma Ultimate aim of janma is moksha Paramaanu is accepted by both Karma and karma phala are belived Believes in punarjanma 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 28

29. Disimilarities between Jaina darshana and Ayurveda Jaina darshana Naastika darshana Believe in theerthankara as god Saptha padaartha Three ratna for moksha 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 29 Ayurveda Aastika darshana Believe in paramaatma as god Shad padhaartha To attain moksha the charya s are explained in charaka Shareera sthaana

30. Conclusion Jaina darshana , main aim is moksha praapti is attained by understanding sapta padaartha . Restraining from bad activities and following good things, vaachika , kaayika , maanasika is the method similar to sadvritha explained in ayurveda . Kaarya kaarana Siddhanta is explained by anekanta vaada which gives the liberty to look into the matter in all accepts, that is well applied in ayurveda in the explaining shrishti uppatti , vikalpa samprati , many nidaana to produce vyaadhi , yukti pramana. By naming the word pudgala and its anu and sanghata form explains the parinaaama vaada . 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 30

31. Conclusion Importance of namakarana Siddhanta is seen in jaina , ratna traya , arhat , teerthankara Pramaana are explained for aatma jnaana . The knowledge that is obtained by baahya indriya are called paroksha and without baahya indrya the knowledge is called prathyaksha. 1/11/2021 daarshanika siddhanta concept of swabhavoparama vaada 31

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