Concept of water in the civil engineering

Water

1. Why and What is
Water Supply Engineering
?
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2. Water Supply Engineering
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3. Water Supply Engineering
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4. Water Supply Engineering
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7. Worlds Water Budget
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8. Worlds Water Budget
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World wide Rainfall and Runoff Details

15. INDIA’S LAND RESOURCE, IRRIGATION AND
FOOD PRODUCTION
•India has 2% of world’s land, 4% of freshwater, 16%
of population, and 10% of its cattle.
•Geographical area = 329 Mhaof which 47% (142
Mha) is cultivated, 23% forested, 7% under non-agri
use, 23% waste.
•Per capita availability of land 50 years ago was 0.9
ha, could be only 0. 14 ha in 2050.
•Out of cultivated area, 37% is irrigated which
produces 55% food; 63% is rain-fed producing 45%
of 200 M t of food.
•In 50 years (ultimate), proportion could be 50:50
producing 75:25 of 500 M t of required food.
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16. SOME INFERENCES FROM RIVER BASIN STATISTICS
•Himalayan Rivers Water: 300 BCM utilizable, 1200 BCM
available.
•Himalayan large dams presently store 80 BCM. New dams
under consideration could store 90 BCM.
•Peninsular Rivers Water: 400 utilizable, 700 BCM available.
•Peninsular large dams presently store 160 BCM. New dams
under consideration could store 45 BCM.
•In all, large dams presently store 240 BCM. New dams
under consideration could store 135 BCM. Total storage thus
could be 375 BCM only.

17. WITHDRAWAL OF WATER -2050, AVAILABILITY
India’s Yearly Requirement in 2050 (Km
3
= BCM)
•For growing food and feed at 420 to 500 million tonnes = 628 to 807 BCM
•Drinking water plus domestic and municipal use for rural population at
150 lpcd and for urban population at 220 lpcd = 90 to 110 BCM
•Hydropower and other energy generation = 63 to 70 BCM
•Industrial use = 81 to 103 BCM
•Navigational use = 15 BCM
•Loss of water by evaporation from reservoirs = 76 BCM
•Environment and ecology = 20 BCM
Total 970 to 1200 BCM
Availability1100 to 1400 BCM

18. Worlds Water Budget
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19. Worlds Water Budget
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