concreteblock-160527155624.docx civil engr

concreteblock-160527155624.docx

1. PRESENTATION ON
TYPES OF CONCRETE






















COURCE TEACHER : FARJANA RAHMAN
SUBJECT : CONSTRUCTION WORKSHOP
NAME : KAMRUL HASSAN
ID : 05505622

2. What is concrete ?????
Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bonded together with a fluid
cement which hardens over time. Most use of the term "concrete" refers to Portland
cement concrete or to concretes made with other hydraulic cements, such as cement
foundation.

3. TYPES OF CONCRETE
1.Modern concrete
2.High-strength concrete
3.Stamped concrete
4. High-performance concrete
5. Ultra-high-performance concrete
6. Micro-reinforced ultra-high-performance concrete
7. Self-consolidating concrete
8.Vacuum concrete
9.Shotcrete
10.Limecrete
11.Pervious concrete
12.Cellular concrete
13.Glass concrete
14.Asphalt concrete
15.Rapid strength concrete
16.Rubberized concrete
17.Polymer concrete

4. TYPES OF CONCRETE WALL
1.Precast Walls
2.Poured Walls
3. Block Walls
4. Block Walls
5. Stucco Walls
6. Stamped Walls
7. Colored Walls
8. Concrete retaining walls

5. Precast concrete
Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in a
reusable mold or "form“

which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported to the construction site
and lifted into place.




ADVANTAGE :
In contrast, standard concrete is
poured into
site-specific forms and cured on site.
Use: façade

6. 2. Poured Walls
Poured concrete walls can be used for a foundation, retaining wall or decorative wall. First
the forms need to be put up and reinforced for the liquefied concrete to be poured into. For
smaller jobs, concrete can be mixed in a small portable mixer or even in tubs or pails. For
larger walls and foundations, the concrete is usually trucked in for pouring. You need to do
this in weather that is conducive to the curing and setting of concrete












USE : foundation, retaining wall or
decorative wall
DISADVANTAGE :This type of wall
is expensive and time consuming
to construct.

7. 3. Block Walls
Concrete block walls can be used for foundations and retaining and decorative walls
also. They come in different shapes and sizes for different jobs and designs. These
blocks are pre-made in a factory and shipped to the site where the wall will be built. The
wall is constructed in a brick-laying fashion, with mortar put between blocks.











ADVANTAGE :This type of
concrete wall is one of the more
inexpensive and less time
consuming ways to build a wall.



USE : foundations and retaining
and decorative walls also.

8. 5. Stucco Walls
A stucco concrete wall is a thin layer of concrete that goes over an existing wall. This
not only allows for coverage of cracks and chips, but it also adds texture to the wall. This
is an inexpensive way of giving a wall the look of concrete. The stucco material can be
put on in patterns that swirl, crisscross or go straight up and down.






ADVANTAGE : This type of
material is easy to work
with and can withstand the
coldest and hottest of
weather.




USE :over an existing wall

9. 6. Stamped Walls
Stamped concrete walls are becoming popular. The stamping is done using the
poured concrete technique, with the forms molding the concrete in the shapes of
stones or masonry patterns instead of as smooth panels. The resultant wall can look
remarkably like stone or brick, which adds a natural rustic look to the wall you are
constructing.









ADVANTAGE :This technique is less
expensive and takes less time than
building a stone or masonry wall.



USE : poured concrete technique

10. 7. Colored Walls
• Colored concrete walls are available in all the poured concrete techniques and some of
the pre-made panels. This works especially well with the stamped concrete in the shapes
of stones, giving them a more realistic coloring. Many colors are available in addition to
the options for the natural colors of stone and brick.



ADVANTAGE :This coloring
technique allows you to deviate
from the plain chalky look of
traditional concrete.



USE ; pre-made panels.

11. 8. Concrete retaining walls

ADVANTAGE : Many codes require a permit
for any structure that holds back what amounts
to thousands of pounds of earth, and most limit
the height of an amateur-built retaining wall to
3 feet.

12. ADVANTAGE OF CONCRETE WALL
• providing functional support for keeping soil in place,

• preventing sink holes and eliminating the eye sore of dirt piles and hills

• helpful in preventing flooding

• reduces maintenance and prevents erosion

• prevent damage to property or surrounding structure

13. Solid blocks:
Length: 40cm (half blocks: 20cm) Height: 20cm Width: 8/10/15/20cm
High compressive strength,
resistance to weathering,
impact and abrasion
Capability of being molded into components of
any shape and size
Good fire resistance up to about 400°C
Rapid construction
Very good stability

14. Hollow blocks:
uses the sizes 14,5 x 29 x 14cm, 14,5 x 14,5 x 14cm (width x length x height)
Can be made larger than solid blocks
Are lighter in weight n Construction of walls is easy and quick
The voids can be filled with steel bars and concrete,
achieving high earthquake resistance
The air space provides good thermal insulation
The cavities can be used for electrical installation and plumbing

15. Cellular block
Blocks which contain one or more
formed voids do not fully
penetrate the block.

16. Special block

Blocks which are designed and manufactured
for a special purpose and which have a shape and
size which varies from slandered

17. TYPES OF MASONRY CONCRETE BOLCKS
Dense masonry aggregate blocks
Lightweight masonry aggregate blocks
Aerated masonry concrete or ‘aircrete’ blocks
Honeycomb clay masonry (Ziegel) blocks
Hemp masonry blocks
Unfired clay masonry blocks

insulated concrete form (ICF) masonry blocks

18. Dense aggregate block
Typical thermal conductivity: 0.70 – 1.28 W/mK

ADVANTAGE :
Durable
Reusable, particularly where lime mortars have been used
High thermal mass
High strength
Products available with recycled aggregate
DISADVANTAGE :
Use of virgin aggregates and sand causes land or marine degradation and
resource depletion
Non-renewable materials
Use of cement contributes to global warming
Poor insulating properties
Use : wall , garden boundary
• Steps
• Landscaping Garden Beds
• Curbing and Edging
• Concrete Block Home

19. Lightweight aggregate block
• Typical thermal conductivity: 0.25 - 0.60 W/mK
ADVANTAGE :
Moderate thermal mass, but higher than air Crete
Makes use of secondary aggregates
Good insulating properties
Durable, Reusable, particularly where lime mortar has been used
Good workability
Products available with recycled aggregate
DISADVANTAGE ;
Use of virgin clay causes land
degradation and resource depletion

High embodied energy involved
in the production of some
aggregates
Use of cement contributes to
global warming

USED : FAÇADE, ROOF, SHARE
WALL

20. Aerated concrete or ‘air Crete’ block
Typical thermal conductivity: 0.09 - 0.20 W/mK

ADVANTAGE :
Moderate thermal mass
Uses industrial waste (PFA) as a prime constituent
Very good insulating properties
Based on volume, aerated blocks contain around 25% less embodied
energy than other concrete blocks
Good workability
Lighter weight saves energy in transportation
Reasonable sound absorption properties
Reusable if dismantled carefully, particularly if lime mortar has been used

DISADVANTAGE :
Non-renewable materials
Prone to impact damage
Use of aluminium adds embodied carbon
Use of cement contributes to global warming
• USE :Steps
• Landscaping Garden Beds
• Concrete Block Home

21. Alternatives to concrete



Honeycomb clay block
• Typical thermal conductivity: 0.10 W/mK

ADVANTAGE :
Moderate - good thermal mass
Good insulating properties
Recyclable
Reusable if dismantled carefully, particularly if lime mortar has been used
Jointing system reduces thermal bridging
Lower embodied energy than concrete blocks
T&G vertical dry jointing reduces the quantity of mortar required
Enables rapid construction when using experienced block layers

22. DISADVANTAGE :
Clay extraction causes land degradation
Non renewable material
Laying method might be unfamiliar to most block layers
Block dimensions are not UK modular
Vulnerable to damage from following-on trades
Doesn’t allow for use with standard steel and concrete lintels
Imported blocks add transportation to the embodied energy


Use : façade for
ventilation
• Siding
• Veneer
• Homes
• Commercial Properties
• Paving Applications
• Steps
• Landscaping Garden Beds
• Curbing and Edging
• Concrete Block Home

23. Hemp block
Thermal conductivity: 0.36 (structural) and 0.11 (thermal) W/mK
ADVANTAGE :
Hemp is a renewable material
Very good insulating properties
High thermal mass
‘Carbon negative’ through sequestration of CO2 during plant growth
Reusable if dismantled carefully
Recyclable
Biodegradable
Hygroscopic – provides a degree of humidity control
Lightweight

DISADVANTAGE:
Use of cement contributes to global warming
Use of aluminum in the binder adds to
embodied energy
Relatively untested

USE : MEDIUM BONDING FOR SAFTY

24. Unfired clay block
Typical thermal conductivity: 0.21 – 0.95 W/mK

ADVANTAGE :
Very low embodied energy
Reusable if dismantled carefully.
Recyclable
Biodegradable (returns to soil)
High thermal mass
Can be used to stabilize internal humidity
Can be used to stabilize internal humidity
Good sound reduction

DISADVANTAGE :

Non-renewable materials
Clay extraction causes land degradation
Generally unsuitable for load-bearing applications
Adding gypsum complicates end-of-life disposal
Poor availability



• USE : Siding
• Veneer
• Homes
• Commercial Properties
• Paving Applications

25. Insulated concrete form (ICF) blocks
Typical thermal conductivity of form material: 0.083 W/mK


ADVNTAGE :
80% post-consumer recycled wood waste
Includes renewable material
Enables rapid construction
Very good insulating properties

DISADVANTAGE :
Use of cement contributes to global warming
De-coupled thermal mass

• USE :
• Siding
• Veneer
• Homes
• Landscaping Garden Beds
• Curbing and Edging

26. THANK YOU