confined space doc.pdf(A confined space is a large enough area for a person to enter and work in but has limited means of entry and exit and is not designed for continuous human occupancy, such as a storage tank, silo, or pit.)

A confined space is a large enough area for a person to enter and work in but has limited means of entry and exit and is not designed for continuous human occupancy, such as a storage tank, silo, or pit. These spaces can become hazardous due to atmospheric risks like lack of oxygen, toxic gases, or flammable substances, or physical risks like engulfment or entrapment, necessitating strict safety protocols and permits for entry.

1. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 1 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



1. Purpose: To ensure safe execution of jobs in confined space.
2. References: Factories Act, www.osha.gov
3. Associated Hazards: Fatalities or severe injuries may occur as a result of the following:
a) Oxygen deficiency in the confined space and this may be caused by
i. Slow oxidation reactions of either organic or inorganic substances
ii. Rapid oxidation (combustion)
iii. Dilution of air with an inert gas
iv. Absorption by grains, chemicals or soils
v. Physical activity
b) Excess Oxygen in the confined space due to leaking oxygen supply fitting such as in gas cutting or
heating equipment
c) The presence of contaminants on surfaces or in the atmosphere. Contaminants may be in the form
of solids, liquids, sludge, gases, vapors, fumes or particulates. The sources of atmospheric
contaminants encountered may include
i. the manufacturing process
ii. the substance stored or its by-products (for example, decomposed organic material in a
tank can liberate toxic fumes such as H2S, while biological hazards such as bacteria,
viruses or fungi)
iii. the operation performed in the confined space (for example, painting with coatings
containing toxic or flammable substances, and welding or brazing with metals capable of
producing toxic fumes)
d) Operation of moving equipment (for example, being trapped by augers, crushed by rotating or
moving parts such as conveyor belts)
e) Uncontrolled introduction of steam, water, or other gas or liquid
f) Suffocation by solids (for example, coal dust, iron fines, coal tar, sand, refractory material etc.)
g) Electrocution
h) Explosion or fire
Some additional factors that may greatly increase the risk of injury from hazards in confined space are as follows:
a) noise, which may be caused by hammering or the use of equipment within the confined space
b) temperature, either high or low, which can result from the work process or the weather conditions,
or where appropriate ventilation or appropriate clothing is not supplied or worn
c) radiation within a confined space (for example, from X-rays, radiation gauges, isotopes, lasers and
welders)
d) manual handling
e) falls, trips and slips especially in area of low visibility
f) Exhaust of automobile, compressor, Mobile Equipment etc.

2. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 2 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



4. Applicability: THIS IS APPLICABLE TO ALL DEPARTMENT OF TATA STEEL WORKS INCLUDING
CONTRACTORS AND THEIR EMPLOYEES.
5. Responsibility: All Heads of Department involved in maintaining confined spaces are responsible for
implementation of this standard
6. Definitions :
a) AEL and LEL: The Tata Steel acceptable exposure limits (AEL) and lower exposure limit (LEL) is
mentioned in the Confined space work permit form, EHSMSM/WORKS/446/4002.
b) Controlled Space: An enclosed or partially enclosed space, which a person may enter, where
under normal conditions, the area a safe oxygen level has, has no contamination and no risk of
engulfment.
c) Confined Space: Any space having a limited means of entry/exit, which is subject to the
accumulation of the toxic or flammable contaminants or has an Oxygen deficient atmosphere. It
may also have moving machinery / electrical or other accidental / physical / engulfment hazards.
The confined spaces are categorized as following.
Severity Class Nature of Hazard Clearance giving authority Example of Confined Space
High A Gaseous CIF certified competent person
Gas Holders, Drainage Manholes,
Boilers, ESPs,
Medium B Entrapment CIF certified competent person
Bins, Hoppers, Dust catcher,
Cyclones,
Low C Others
Departmental Trained Competent
Person with safety professional
Cable Tunnel, Conveyor Tunnels

d) Competent Person: A person declared by Chief Inspector of Factories as competent (under
Section 36 of Factory Act 1948) based on qualification, experience and facilities available at his
disposal to certify a confined space as safe to enter based on test / examination of atmosphere
carried out by him.
e) Departmental Trained Competent Person (DTCP): A person trained by competent person based
on qualification, experience and facilities at his disposal to certify a Low Severity confined space
as safe to work based on test/examination of atmosphere carried out by him.
f) Contaminant: Any dust fume, mist, vapor, gas or other substance in liquid or solid form, the
presence of which may be harmful to health and safety.
g) Entrant: A person who has been authorized by his/her concerned department to enter a confined
space to perform any activity.
h) Site Supervisor: The person responsible for determining if acceptable entry conditions are present
in a confined space where entry is planned, for authorizing entry and overseeing entry operations,
and for terminating entry as required by this procedure.
i) Attendant: A person assigned to remain on the outside of, and in close proximity of the confined
space and capable of being in continuous communication with and to observe those inside, if
practicable; in addition, where necessary, to initiate rescue procedures and operate and monitor
equipment used to ensure safety during entry and work in the confined space.

3. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 3 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



j) Confined Space Sec 36 of Factories Act, 1948
i. No person shall be required or allowed to enter any chamber, tank, vat, pit pipe flue or
other confined space in any factory in which any gas, fume, vapor or dust is likely to be
present to such an extent as to involve risk to persons being overcome thereby, unless it
is provided with a manhole of adequate size or other effective means of egress
ii. No person shall be required or allowed to enter any confined space, until all measures
have been taken to remove any gas, fume, vapor or dust which may be present so as to
bring its level within the permissible limits and to prevent any ingress of such gas, fume,
vapor or dust and unless
D A certificate in writing has been given by a competent person, based on a test
carried out by him that the space is reasonably free from dangerous gas, fume,
vapor or dust; or
D Such person is wearing suitable breathing apparatus and a belt securely
attached to a rope the free end of which is held by a person outside the confined
space.
iii. No portable electric light or any other electric appliance of voltage exceeding twenty four
volts shall be permitted for use inside any chamber, tank, vat, pit, pipe, flue or other
confined space unless adequate safety devices are provided
iv. If any inflammable gas, fume or dust is likely to be present in such chamber, tank, vat, pit,
pipe, flue or other confined space, no lamp or light other than that of flame proof
construction shall be permitted to be used therein.
7. General Requirement
a) All the departments shall evaluate the workplace using the checklist attached with this procedure to
identify the confined spaces. Department shall maintain a documented master list of confined
spaces review this list annually to update it. Confined spaces will have a display “Confined Space –
Do not enter without permit”.
b) All employees shall be made aware of these confined spaces and associated hazards
c) An entry permit as per form # EHSMSM/WORKS/446/4002 is required to enter a confined space
that has one or more of the following characteristics-
i. Contains or has the potential to contain hazardous air contaminants like CO, NH3,
Acid/Alkali fumes, etc
ii. Contains flammable materials/ vapor which can catch fire due to spark or static charges
iii. An entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated (lack of oxygen) due to internal configuration
of the space
iv. Contains any other site specific serious safety or health hazard as identified by the
department. Example: Hoppers, Boilers, Tanks, Pits, Vessels, Gas Holder, Cyclone,
Electrostatic Precipitators, Scrubbers, Silo, Pipe Line, Oil Cellars, Coke Oven Battery
Cellars, Blast Furnace Stoves, Bins etc
d) The permit from the competent person should be taken in written in the standard entry permit form#
EHSMSM/WORKS/446/4002 .Two parts of the form must be filled up as per instructions given
below:

4. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 4 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



Part I – Must be authorized and signed by competent person based on test/examination conducted
by him indicating his findings in the format. He shall also recommend periodicity of work area
parameter checking.
Part II - Based on the approval and authentication by competent person in Part-I, departmental site
in charge will issue the permit for work inside the confined space, indicating checks carried out, to
the working agency by filling format in Part-II.
e) The person responsible for executing the job inside the confined space will maintain a register-
indicating list of persons entering into the confined space with Time In and Time Out by each
individual
f) The owner department shall ensure that work permit and Clearance for the job to be done in the
confined space are duly provided separately like work permit for Electrical Installation, Gaseous
Hazard Area, Working at Height, Hot Jobs etc.
8. Risk Assessment:
a) The concerned department shall ensure that a risk assessment is undertaken by a competent
person before carrying out work involving entry into a confined space. The assessment shall be in
writing and take into account at least the following:
i. the nature of the confined space
ii. the work required to be done
iii. the range of methods by which the work can be done
iv. the hazards involved and associated risks
v. the actual method selected and plan proposed
vi. emergency rescue procedures
b) The concerned department shall ensure that the assessment is revised whenever there is
evidence to indicate that it is no longer valid
c) Risk factors to be considered when undertaking a risk assessment include:
i. Arrangements for rescue, first aid and resuscitation
ii. The number of persons occupying the space
iii. The number of persons required outside the space to maintain equipment essential for the
confined space task, to ensure adequate communication with and observation of the
persons within the confined space, and to properly initiate rescue procedures
iv. All proposed operations and work procedures, particularly those that may cause a change
in the conditions in the confined space
v. The soundness and security of the overall structure and the need for illumination and
visibility
vi. The identity and nature of the substances last contained in the confined space
vii. The steps needed to bring the confined space to atmospheric pressure
viii. The atmospheric testing to be undertaken and the parameters to be assessed before the
entry permit is issued

5. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 5 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



ix. All hazards which may be encountered (for example, entrapment)
x. The status of fitness and training of those persons involved in confined space work
xi. Adequate instruction of those persons in any work procedure required, particularly those
which are unusual, or non-typical, including the use and limitations of any personal
protective equipment and mechanical or other equipment to be used
xii. The availability and adequacy of appropriate personal protective equipment, protective
clothing and rescue equipment for all persons likely to enter the confined space
xiii. Whether signs indicate that entry is permitted only after signing the entry permit, in a
manner appropriate to the persons at the workplace
xiv. The need for additional protective measures, for example:
1) Prohibition of hot work in adjacent areas
2) Prohibition of smoking and naked flames within the confined space and, where
appropriate, the adjacent areas
3) Avoidance of contamination of breathing atmosphere from operations or sources
outside the confined space, such as from the exhaust of an internal combustion
engine,
4) Prohibition of movement of equipment such as forklifts in adjacent areas
5) Prohibition of spark generating equipment, clothing and footwear
xv. Whether cleaning in the confined space is necessary
xvi. Whether hot work is necessary
8.1. Control Measures:
a) If a risk assessment identifies a risk to health or safety arising from work involving entry into a
confined space, the concerned department shall eliminate or minimize the risk.
b) The hierarchy of control measures to eliminate or minimize the risk should be followed in the
priority order listed and consists of the following steps:
i. Elimination
ii. Substitution
iii. Isolation
iv. Engineering controls
v. Administrative controls
vi. Use of personal protective equipment
vii. Use of rescue tools: Ascending and descending arrangement, Fall arrestors, Tripod etc
c) Review of control measures: Control measures should be carefully reviewed and improved,
extended or replaced as necessary to ensure adequate control. Reviews should take place at
regular intervals or as indicated by the assessment report, in the event of any significant change to
plant or process.

6. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 6 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



d) Prior to any person entering a confined space, the concerned department shall ensure that whether
all practicable potentially hazardous services, including all process services, normally connected to
that space are isolated in order to prevent
i. introduction of any materials, contaminants, agents or conditions harmful to people
occupying the confined space
ii. activation of any equipment or services which may pose a risk to the health or safety of
persons within the confined space
e) Methods of Isolation from contaminants: A confined space should be isolated before entry is
permitted. The method of isolation should be in accordance with one of the following methods or by
an alternative method ensuring equivalent security:
i. Removal of a valve, spool piece, an expansion joint in piping leading to, and as close as
practicable to, the confined space and blanking or capping the open end of the piping
leading to the confined space. The blank or cap should be identified to indicate its
purpose. Blanks or caps should be of a material that is compatible with the liquid, vapor or
gas with which they are in contact. The material should also have sufficient strength to
withstand the maximum operating pressure, including surges, which can be built up in the
piping.
ii. Insertion of a suitable full-pressure spade (blank) in piping between the flanges as close
as practicable to the confined space. The full-pressure spade (blank) should be identified
to indicate its purpose.
iii. Where neither of the methods described in Items (i) and (ii) is practicable, isolation by
means of closing and locking, or closing and tagging, or both, of at least two valves in the
piping leading to the confined space. A drain valve between the two closed valves should
also be locked open or tagged open to the atmosphere as a part of this method.
f) Methods of isolation from moving parts: Before entry is permitted to any confined space that in
it can move, or in which agitators, fans or other moving parts which may pose a risk to personnel
are present, the possibility of movement should be prevented by using one of the methods
described below or by alternative methods offering equivalent security. Equipment or devices with
stored energy, including hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, chemical, mechanical, thermal or other
types of energy, should be reduced to a zero energy condition. The person entering the confined
space should proceed as follows:
i. Physically disconnect the electric power from the piece of equipment whenever possible.
ii. The person entering the confined space should place a lock or tag or both on the open
circuit breaker or open isolating switch supplying electric power to equipment with
hazardous moving parts, to indicate that a person is in a confined space and that such
isolation should not be removed until all persons have left the confined space. When a
lock is used, the key should be kept in the possession of the person making entry or the
competent person. Spare keys should not be accessible except in cases of emergency.
iii. Where power source cannot be controlled readily or effectively, a belt or other mechanical
linkage should be disconnected and tagged to indicate that a person is in a confined
space and that the belt or linkage should not be reconnected until all persons have left the
confined space.
iv. Where the methods described in Items (i) and (ii) are not practicable, moveable
components should be locked, and switches, clutches or other controls should be tagged
to indicate that a person is in a confined space and that the locks and tags should not be
removed until all persons have left the confined space.

7. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 7 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



v. Where more than one person is in the confined space, the isolating device should be
either:
D locked or tagged, or both, by each person entering the confined space,
or
D locked or tagged, or both, by a Departmental Trained Competent
Person
vi. Where the locking or tagging is undertaken by a Departmental Trained Competent Person
all persons entering the confined space should verify, or have it verified to them, that
isolation is effective prior to their entry.
g) Removal of means of isolation: The locks, tags, blanks or other protective systems should only
be removed after the Departmental Trained Competent Person ensures that work has been
suspended or completed and all persons have vacated the confined space.
h) Cleaning prior to entry: Where practicable, all substances, which are likely to present a hazard to
persons who enter the confined space, should be removed prior to any entry to the confined space.
i) Location of contaminants: Potentially hazardous levels of contaminants may be trapped in
sludge, scale or other deposits, brickwork or behind loose linings, in liquid traps, or in instrument
fittings and may be released only when, for example, it is disturbed or heat is applied. Similarly,
such material may lodge in joints in vessels or in bends of connecting pipes or other places where
removal is difficult.

j) The concerned department shall ensure that, where appropriate, the confined space shall be
cleared of contaminants by use of a suitable purging agent. It shall ensure that pure oxygen or gas
mixture with oxygen not in a concentration greater than 21 percent by volume is used for purging or
ventilation.
k) Exhaust location: The methods employed should ensure that any contaminants removed from
the confined space are exhausted to a location where they present no hazard.
l) Ventilation: Ventilation of a confined space should be by natural, forced or mechanical means to
establish and maintain a safe breathing atmosphere. This ventilation should be continued
throughout the period of occupancy.

8.2. SAFETY OF THE ATMOSPHERE

a) The concerned department shall ensure that

i. No person enters a confined space without an entry permit
ii. The confined space contains a safe oxygen level (19.5% to23.5%)
iii. The concentration of flammable contaminant and vapors is < 5% of LEL
iv. The potential toxic contaminants are < 50% of the AEL
v. The confined space is free from extremes of temperatur e and the atmospheric
contaminants in the confined space are reduced to below the relevant exposure standards
vi. The atmospheric testing and monitoring is carried out consistent with the hazards
identified and the risk assessment
vii. The periodic monitoring is done depending upon the nature of the job
viii. Where it is not practicable to provide a safe oxygen level, or atmospheric contaminants
cannot be reduced to safe levels, no person enters the confined space unless they are
equipped with suitable personal protective equipment including air supplied respiratory
protective equipment.
b) Continuous Monitoring: When activity inside the space or outside the space has the direct
potential to alter the atmospheric condition; Keep monitor close to work and where attendant is
swiftly aware of its alarm and visually check readings when possible, do not rely on alarms only.
c) Exposure standards: Compliance with an exposure standard is mandatory where a relevant

8. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 8 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



standard has been incorporated into legislation. Where there is no exposure standard,
professional advice should be obtained.
d) Atmospheric evaluation: An evaluation of the atmosphere and a survey of other hazards should
be performed from outside the confined space before any entry occurs. The results should be
recorded on the entry permit. It is intended that entry into, or work in a confined space, the
atmosphere of which has been established and maintained as being acceptable for entry, be still
in compliance with the requirements of this standard.
e) Test required: The evaluation of the atmosphere should include testing by scientific means for
i. Oxygen content
ii. Airborne concentration of flammable and potentially toxic contaminants
iii. Ambient temperature
f) Gas detectors: The continuous-monitoring flammable gas detector should be fitted with latching,
visible and audible alarms which should activate at a contaminant concentration above the
acceptable limit.

8.3. RISK CONTROL

a) The concerned department shall ensure that no person enters a confined space without an entry
permit and that:
i. the entry permit includes any precautions or instructions necessary for safe entry and
execution of the work
ii. the entry permit is provided to the person responsible for the direct control of the work in a
confined space, and records which persons enter the confined space
iii. the persons involved in the work are advised of, understand and comply with the contents
of the entry permit
b) Issue of entry permit: The entry permit should state the period of its validity and should be
revalidated whenever it becomes evident that the duration of work will involve one of the following:
i. A change in the person responsible for the direct control of the work in a confined space.
ii. A significant break in work continuity.
iii. A significant change in atmosphere or work to be performed.
c) Record of persons entering a confined space: The name of each person entering a confined
space and each person required for stand-by purposes should be recorded.
d) Provision of Attendant: The concerned department should provide attendant(s) wherever the risk
assessment indicates that –
i. There may not be a safe oxygen level
ii. Atmospheric contaminants are present or may be present in concentrations above the
exposure standards
iii. There may be a risk of fire or explosion
iv. There may be a risk of entrapment or engulfment
v. The work to be performed may generate risk to health or safety
vi. Equipment or conditions outside the confined space require control or monitoring to
ensure the health and safety of persons in the confined space (for example, ventilation,
respirator air supply, vehicles and weather)
vii. There may be other risks to the health or safety of persons entering the confined space
e) Communication: The concerned department should ensure that communication and, where
practicable, observation between those in the confined space and the attendant(s) are capable of
being constantly maintained. Communication can be achieved, dependent on the conditions
existing in the confined space in a number of ways, including voice, radio, hand signals and other
appropriate means.
f) The concerned department shall ensure the following:
i. Appropriate signs and protective barriers are erected to prevent entry of unauthorized
person inside the confined space.
ii. Proper equipments are provided for personal protection, rescue, first aid and fire
suppression.
iii. Equipment is appropriate for the work to be carried out in the confined space, and

9. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 9 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



maintained in a proper working condition.
iv. Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) and rescue equipments are selected and fitted to
suit the individual working in the confined space.
v. Where the risk assessment indicates a risk to health and safety, no person enters a
confined space unless attendant(s) are present outside the confined space.
vi. Work in the confined space has been completed and that all persons involved in the work
have left the space before authorization for the return to service of the confined space is
made.
vii. That there is written approval, in the form of an entry permit, prior to work in a confined
space being carried out.
g) Respiratory protective devices: Suitable supplied-air respiratory protective devices should be
worn where –
i. The results of the assessment or monitoring indicate that a safe atmosphere cannot be
established or may not be maintained
ii. The nature of the work procedure within the confined space is likely to degrade or
contaminate the atmosphere in the confined space (for example, hot work, painting or
removal of sludge).
h) Safety harnesses and lines: Suitable safety harnesses and safety lines or rescue lines should be
used if –
i. There is a hazard of falling during ascent or descent
ii. Rescue by a direct route, either vertical or horizontal, is practicable
i) Rescue considerations: Removal of unconscious persons from confined spaces is extremely
difficult. The use of hand-operated lifting equipment should be considered and, where appropriate,
be on site before entry to the confined space is permitted.
j) Ignition sources: Where a flammable atmosphere is likely to exist, precautions should be taken to
eliminate all sources of ignition.
k) Gas cylinders: Where practicable, no cylinder of compressed or liquefied gas, other than those
used for self-contained breathing apparatus, should be taken into a confined space. The
compressed or liquefied gas supply to equipment in the confined space should be turned off at the
cylinder valve when not in use. These gas cylinders should be secured. Hoses supplying gas -
operated equipment used in a confined space should be located, suspended or otherwise guarded
to avoid accidental damage. In addition, these hoses should be tested for leaks prior to
installation.
l) Portable ladders: Where a portable ladder is used, particular care should be taken to ensure it is
firmly secured to prevent movement.

9. EDUCATION, TRAINING & RESPONSIBILITY

a) The concerned department shall provide training for all persons required to work within a confined
space in all relevant activities related to entering and working in confined spaces.
b) The training program shall include at least the following:
i. The hazards of confined spaces
ii. Risk assessment procedures
iii. Control measures
iv. Emergency procedures
v. The selection, use, fit and maintenance of safety equipment
c) Responsibility of Entrant: The entrant needs to -
i. Know the hazards faced during entry, including warnings and consequences
ii. Know how to properly use equipment (includes equipment inspection)
iii. Know how to communicate with the attendants as necessary
iv. Alert the attendant whenever:
D an entrant recognizes warning signs of an exposure
D an entrant recognizes a dangerous situation
D an entrant detects any prohibited conditions
v. Exit the confined space quickly whenever:

10. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 10 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



D ordered to evacuate
D the warning signs of a hazard are recognized
D a prohibited condition is detected
D an evacuation alarm is sounded
d) Responsibility of Attendant: An attendant shall perform no duties that will interfere with his
primary duty to monitor and protect entrants. An Attendant needs to –
i. Know the potential hazards of the confined space
ii. Be aware of any behavioral symptoms indicating changes in entry conditions (including
work-generated hazards)
iii. Continuously maintain an accurate count of all entrants
iv. Remain outside the Confined Space during entry operations unless properly relieved
v. Communicate with entrants as necessary and alert entrants of a need to evacuate
vi. Monitor activity inside and outside the confined space to determine if safe conditions exist
for entrants
vii. Order entrants to evacuate when detecting:
D a prohibited condition
D a behavioral effect of a hazard
D a situation outside the Confined Space that may endanger entrants
D that the attendant cannot effectively or safely perform all necessary duties
viii. Summon rescue or emergency services as needed for assistance to escape from the
confined space (but shall not lose visual or verbal contact with entrants in doing so)
ix. Take the following actions, when necessary, if unauthorized persons are in or near a
confined space
D warn them away
D direct the unauthorized persons to immediately exit the space
D inform entrants and the Site Supervisor of unauthorized entry into the space

e) Responsibility of Site Supervisor: The Site Supervisor shall ensure that each person involved in
a confined space entry complies with the requirements of this procedure. He needs to –
i. ensure that necessary permits are complete and posted
ii. know the potential hazards that may be faced during entry
iii. verify that specified tests have been performed
iv. verify that equipment specified by permit is in place
v. sign the entry permit authorizing entry
vi. ensure that isolation points are identified and isolation is complete
vii. ensure that the rescue plan is known and understood by all entrants and attendants
viii. verify that rescue and emergency services are available and ensure that the means to
summon them are operative
ix. remove unauthorized individuals
x. determine that entry operations remain consistent with permit requirements and that
acceptable entry conditions are maintained

10. RESCUE AND FIRST AID
a) General: The need for the rescue of personnel from a confined space and the provision of first aid,
either in the confined space or after rescue from the space, may arise. This may include the
involvement of the emergency services. The employer shall ensure that appropriate rescue and
first aid procedures and provisions are planned, established and rehearsed. Also, the confined
space rescue team members must be specially trained and only these trained persons shall be
allowed to carry out the rescue operation.
b) Procedures: All persons who may be involved in any way with rescues from a Confined Space
should be made aware that –
i. well-planned and well-rehearsed rescue procedures are essential and are to be followed
at all times
ii. in an emergency, the spontaneous reaction to immediately enter and attempt a rescue
from a confined space may lead to the deaths or serious injury of rescuer

11. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 11 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



c) The concerned department shall ensure that
i. openings for entry and exit to a confined space are of adequate size to permit rescue of all
persons who may enter a confined space
ii. the openings are not obstructed by fittings or equipment which could impede rescue, or,
where this is not practicable, that a suitable alternative means of rescue is provided
d) Means of Entry & Exit: Except for boilers and pressure vessels, each confined space should be
provided with at least –
i. one entry having an aperture not less than 450 mm long by 400 mm wide ( if rectangular);
or not less than 450 mm in diameter (if circular); or having major and minor axes not less
than 450 mm and 400 mm respectively (if elliptical)
ii. other suitable means of entry and exit meeting the intent of above item

11. TYPICAL CHECKLIST & FORMS

The following checklist needs to be filled up
Sl.
No. Requirements/Statements/Conditions Yes No N/A Remarks
Pre- Entry
1
Is Employee tested and evaluated for fitness and aptitude for
task and confined space entry?
2 Is Employee trained on

a.
Use of applicable respiratory protective devices
b. Emergency Entry/ Exit procedures
c. First aid including cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
d. Lockout procedures

e.
Safety equipment use

f.
Rescue drills

g.
Fire protection

h.
Communications
3 Is Confined Space environment evaluated for safety?
4
Has initial test result been compared to existing standards to
determine ventilation and/or personal protection requirements?
5 Are rescue equipments readily available & in order?
6
Have conditions changed to pose potential danger? If Yes, Has
work been suspended?
7 Has potential hazards been identified? For example

a.
Physical agents such as Thermal Extremes, Radiation,
Noise, Flooding, Collapse, Electrocution
b.
Chemical agents such as Flammable vapors, Toxic fumes,
potentially Explosive dust
c. Oxygen deficiency or excess
d.
Other potential hazards during work
During Entry and Re- Entry

8
Is confined space atmosphere being monitored continuously as
per the nature of job?
9 Are safe work practices being followed?

12. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 12 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



Sl.
No. Requirements/Statements/Conditions Yes No N/A Remarks
10
Is permit being reissued after absence from area or condition
change?
11 Are all the persons and equipments well accounted?

12
Are records, rescue arrangements, emergency preparedness
etc available?
13
Has initial test result been compared to existing standards to
determine ventilation and/or personal protection requirements?
After Exit
14 Were safe work practices followed?

15 Were any unsatisfactory aspect?
16 Is the completed job acceptable?
17
Are equipments, tools, debris cleaned away and kept at proper
place?
18 Is the entry point for the Confined space secured?
19
Has the permit been returned to the issuing authority and review
of the work been done?


Following is the FORM # EHSMSM/WORKS/446/4002

FORM# EHSMSM/WORKS/446/4002 CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PE RMIT

Sl. No.

Dated

Part - I : To be filled/authenticated by Competent Person

A. Departmental Information
1. Requested by Chief/HOD of the Department on Date ________________________________________________
2. Name of the Department ____________________________________________________________________
3. Actual location of Confined Space_____________________________________________________________

B. Method of Isolation: From Gas System and all other Piped Utility Services
1. Gas _____________________________________________________________________________________

13. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 13 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



2. N2/Inert Gas _______________________________________________________________________________
3.Steam____________________________________________ ________________________________________
4. Water ____________________________________________________________________________________
5. Any Other Lines ___________________________________________________________________________

C. Results of Test and Observation
1. Oxygen _________ % 2. Aromatic Hydrocarbon __________ PPM
3. CO _____________ PPM 4. Dust _________________________PPM
5. NH3 ____________PPM 6. Any Other Fumes _______________PPM

Tests have been carried out in the above Confined Space and Entry is Permitted as Indicated below
Recommendation for Periodic Checking
___________________________________________________ ________________________________________
___________________________________________________ _________________________________________

D. Entry Without Breathing Apparatus
Clearance for Entry Without Breathing Apparatus is valid
From Date _________________ Time ________________________
Until Date ___________________ Time _________________________

E. Entry Wearing Breathing Apparatus

Entry Wearing Breathing Apparatus is subject to the following conditions -
1. An Attendant must be positioned outside the Confined Space.
2. Wherever it is practicable each person is to wear belt or harness with life line attached and the Attendant
positioned outside should hold the free end of the life line and is capable of pulling out the persons working inside
the confined space.

14. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 14 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



Clearance for Entry Wearing Breathing Apparatus is Valid
From
Date___________________ Time____________________________
Until Date____________________ Time____________________________

F. Any Other Observations
___________________________________________________ _________________________________________
___________________________________________________ _________________________________________
___________________________________________________ _________________________________________

Person Carrying Out the Test Name _______________________________
Signed
__________________
Competent Person Name _________________________________
Signed
__________________
Person accepting the Certificate Name _________________________________
Signed
__________________



THIS CERTIFICATE IS NOT A PERMIT TO WORK
A SEPARATE WORK PERMIT CERTIFICATE MUST BE OBTAINED WHEREVER APPLICABLE

15. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 15 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



PERMIT FOR WORKING IN CONFINED SPACE
PART - II TO BE ISSUEED BY DEPARTMENTAL REPRESENTAT IVE




Department ____________________________________
Ref: Work Permit No.
_____________________
Confined Space to be entered _______________________ _____________
Work to be Performed _______________________________ ____
Possible Hazards ___________________________________
Person Responsible ___________________________________



CHECKLIST
Sl.
No. Statements/ Conditions YES NO N/A Remarks
1
Are pumps/ lines disconnected/ blanked/ de-
energized?
2 Is Confined Space Purged/Flushed?
3
Ventilation Provided
Forced
Natural
4 Are direct reading gas monitors tested / calibrated?
5
Are Safety Harness and Lifelines for entry and
standby persons available?
6 Are adequate PPEs provided?
7
Are explosion proof 24V electric equipment (Class 1,
Division 1, Group D) available?
8 Are Non-Sparking tools available?
9
Is Breathing Apparatus required to be put on?
10 Is Breathing Apparatus available for emergency?
11
Fire Extinguishers/ Fire Hydrant lines available
12 Do all persons engaged for working provided require
training?
13
Is rescue training required?

16. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 16 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date




Communication Procedure ( Communication Between Person inside the Confined Space and Attendant)
___________________________________________________ _________________________________________
___________________________________________________ _____________________________________
___________________________________________________ _________________________________________




Rescue Procedure
___________________________________________________ ________________________________________
___________________________________________________ _________________________________________
___________________________________________________ _________________________________________

Atmospheric check after isolation and ventilation (Measured by a calibrated equipment)
Oxygen ______ > 19.5% Temperature _____________ Flam mable Gas/Vapors _____<10% LEL
NH3 ______ < 15 PPM Dust ______________________ Aromatic Hydrocarbon_______< 5PPM
CO ________ < 50 PPM Any Other Fumes



Date ____________ Time ____________ Tester's Signature ______________________________

Periodic monitoring is necessary if work itself generates toxic or flammable vapor or when there is a possibility that
such vapor will enter the space. If work ceases for any reason, the atmospheric testing should be repeated before
entry.

Periodic Atmospheric Check
Time _________ Date _____________
_______________________
(Use separate sheet if more readings
are required) _______________________

17. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 17 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date





We have reviewed the work authorized by this permit and Safety Procedures are understood.
This permit is to be issued only after getting certification from competent Person for Entry in Confined
Space



Permit issued by Department Representative Permit Received by Working Agency
Signature with Date & Time Signature with Date & Ti me
Name _____________________________________ Name ___ __________________________________
Designation ________________________________ Designat ion__________________________________


RETURN OF "PERMIT TO WORK" AFTER JOB COMPLETION
Permit returned by Working Agency Permit Received by Dep artmental Representative
Signature with Date & Time Signature with Date & Ti me
Name _____________________________________ Name ___ __________________________________
Designation ________________________________ Designat ion__________________________________


Confined Space Identification form
Confined Space Identification Form
Sl.
No. Statements/Conditions/Requirements YES NO Remark s
A If the deemed space

1 Is large enough & configured such that an employee can
bodily enter and perform assigned work?

2
Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit?

3
Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy?
If the answer to "all" the questions above is YES, the deemed space is a "Confined Space".

18. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 18 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



B If the deemed space YES NO Remarks

1 Contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous
atmosphere?

2 Contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an
entrant?

3
Has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be
trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly
covering walls or by a floor, which slopes downward and
tapers to a smaller cross section?

4 Contains any other recognized serious safety or health
hazard?
If the answer is "yes" to "all" three of the first criteria and "yes" to one or more of the second criteria; the deemed space
is a Confined Space

Some examples include: tanks, tank cars, vessels, vessel skirts, hoppers, open vessels, trenches or pits, diked areas,
vaults, pipe lines, tunnels, ductwork, boilers and manholes

INSPECTED BY
DATE

Confined Space Entry Log
Confined Space Entry Log
Vessel ID Unit/ Location

All entrants and attendants have been instructed about potential hazards, safety
precautions, and specified protective emergency equipment.

Attendant Name:

Entrant Name:

Time In

Time Out

Initial

Initial

19. DOC. Safety Standard Division Steel Works Eff. Date 01.01.2010
DOC# SS/PRO-01
Title
Working in Confined
Space
Revision 02
Sheet P a g e | 19 of 19 Due for Revision 16.10.2012
Comp. By D K Dhiraj Signed Date

Auth. By Dr. D S Chakrobarty Signed Date



Hazard Evaluation/ Re-classification form
Hazard Evaluation/ Re-classification Form
Confined-Space Description
UNIT/LOCATION/EQUIPMENT
Sl. No. Evaluation Criteria Yes No N/A Remarks
1 Atmospheric Hazards
a. Oxygen deficiency
b. Flammable or explosive
c. Toxins
d. Irritant(s)
2 Physical Hazards
a. Thermal
b. Noise
c. Vibration
3 General Safety Hazards
a. Mechanical
b. Entry/ Exit
c. Engulfment
4 Other Hazards
a. Overhead hazards
b. Working surfaces
c. Lighting
d. Gas cylinders
e. Fall prevention
f. Tripping hazards
Date of Evaluation
Evaluated By
Authorized By
Confined Space Rescue Plan
Confined Space Rescue Plan
This must be attached to Confined Space Permit
Emergency Telephone Nos.
Exact Location of Entry
How will the emergency team be
summoned?
Method of Rescue
Rescue Equipments Required
Location of Rescue Equipments
Signature of person approving initial rescue plan: