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AkiCreus2 195 views 36 slides Aug 14, 2024
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About This Presentation

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Slide Content

INTRODUKSYON SA PAG-AARAL NG GLOBALISASYON

GLOBALISASYON BILANG ISANG KONSEPTO

DIFFUSION - Ways of thinking, acting or feeling spread widely GLOBAL U ndertaken entirely (Meydan Larousse – Turkish Dictionary) Homogeneity (French)

GLOBALISM - Ways of thinking, acting or feeling spread widely. -an ideology based on the belief that people goods and information ought to be able to cross national borders unfettered. -political belief system INTERNATIONALISM Political, economic and cultural cooperation between nations.

GLOBALIZATION refer to a set of social processes that are thought to transform our present social condition into one of globality.” (Steger, 2005: 8) Defining Characteristics: interdependence and integration GLOBALITY a social condition characterized by the existence of global economic, political, cultural, and environmental interconnections and flows that make many of the currently existing borders and boundaries irrelevant.” (Steger, 2005: 7)

ANO ANG GLOBALISASYON?

GLOBALISASYON ay ang mabilis at patuloy na inter-border na paggalaw ng produkto , serbisyo , kapital , teknolohiya , ideya , impormasyon , kultura at nasyon . – American Defense Institute GLOBALIZATION is a /term that came into popular usage in the 1980’s to describe the increased movement of people, knowledge and ideas, and goods and money across national borders that has led to increased interconnectedness among the world’s populations, economically, politically, socially and culturally. GLOBALIZATION = MODERNIZATION Modernity is a kind of situation, quality, character and experience of modern that means fresh and being new of present time, a disconnection point from the past, and an entrance to the future that is appearing. Its span is involved the innovation, invention, creating, pioneering, advancement, growth, development, evolution, and mode.

GLOBALISASYON Saklaw rin dito ang kasalukuyang integrasyon ng ng ekonomiya , politika , at lipunan ng iba’t-ibang bansa . (Wells, Shuey , Kelly 20010 Ilan din sa mahahalagang konsepto na kaakibat ng globalisasyon ay : Transference - pagpapalitan Transformation - pagbabago Transcendence - tinatanggal ang pagkakaiba

THE ELEMENT OF GLOBALIZATION

THREE MAIN ASPECTS OF GLOBALIZATION

The process by which political decisions and decisions are becoming increasingly international. The degree of political cooperation and the political relationship of one state to another. POLITICAL

The spread of trade, transportation and communication around the world in the interest of promoting worldwide commerce. The interconnectedness of economies and trade of product and other resources. ECONOMIC

The process by which people’s lifestyle spread over global networks. It is the transmission and sharing of values, ideas, culture and information through media, technology, tourism, language, religion, cuisines, and education. SOCIO-CULTURAL

CLAIMS OF MARKET GLOBALISM

KASAYSAYAN NG GLOBALISASYON Ang globalisasyon sa ekonomikal na perspektibo ay nagsimula noong 1870 hanggang 1914 – may malayang paggalaw sa kalakal , kapital at tao . Naudlot nang sumiklab ang dalawang digmaang pandaigdig (WW1 at WWII) noong 1918 at 1941. Pagkatapos ng 1945 muling nagbalik ang layunin patungo sa internasyonal na integrasyon . Peterson Institute for International Economics (PIIE) states that globalization stalled after World War 1 and nations’ movements toward protectionism as they launched import taxes to closely guard their industries in the aftermath of the conflict. This trend continued through the Great Depression and World War II until US took an instrumental role in reviving international trade Ilan sa mga dahilan ng paglaganap ng ideya ng globalisasyon ay ang pag-unlad ng global na komunikasyon tulas ng internet na naging instrument upang pagbuklurin ang mundo . Pagkatapos ng Cold War lumaganap ang kapitalismo . naging mulat ang mundo sa mga pandaigdigang suliranin tulad ng climate change.

EARLY HISTORY

MEDIEVAL Ang mga Jew at Muslim ay umiikot sa mundo upang makipagkalakalan . Christopher Columbus – Italian explorer who completed 4 voyages across Atlantic Ocean that opened the New World for Conquest. Vasco Da Gama – Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea, connecting the Atlantic and Indian oceans connecting the West and the Orient. Age of Discovery` Dahil sa kolonisasyon ng maraming kolonya ang makapangyarihang bansa sa Europe sa mga least-developed tulad ng Africa, Asya at Latin America.

PRE-MODERN MODERN PERIOD Industrual revolution – ika 19 na siglo Kalidad ng dami ng produksyon Maraming bansa ang naging consumer ng pamilihang Europe ( dahil sa kolonisasyon ) Natapos nang sumiklab ang Unang Digmaang Pandaigdig . Great Depression Gold Standard Crisis.

MODERN ERA Pagtatapos ng WWII GATT- General Agreements on Tariff and Trade – nakatulong na alisin ang ilang mga limitasyon sa kalakalan at investment. Kilala ngayon bilang World Trade Organization – siya ngayong tumutulong sa mga bansa upang solusyonan ang limitasyon sa kalakalan at ayusin ang ilang di pagkakaunawaan sa pagitan ng mga bansa . Pag- unlad ng commerce at kalakalan Malaking bawas sa gastos ng transportasyon at paggawa ng imprastruktura . Paglikha ng mga global na korporasyon at pagpapalitan ng mga kultura at tradisyon .

THEORIES OF GLOBALIZATION

CORE

SEMI-PERIPHERY

PERIPHERY

WORLD POLITY THEORY

WORLD CULTURE THEORY

Problem of Globality: How to make living together in one global system meaningful or even possible.

REASONS WHY GLOBALIZATION WILL NOT MAKE THE WORLD HOMOGENOUS General rules and models are interpreted in light of local circumstances. Growing similarities provoke reactions. Cultural and political differences have themselves become globally valid. The notion that the people and countries are entitled to their particularity of distinctiveness is itself part of globalization.

MABUTING EPEKTO NG GLOBALISYON Kalakalan sa mga produkto at serbisyo , sapamamagitan ng internasyonal na pagpapalitan na nagbibigay ng competitive advantage at reduksyon sa tariff at non-tariff barriers sa mga papaunlad na ekonomiya . Paggalaw ng kapital , sa pamamagitan ng savings ng mgabansa . Paggalaw ng pera ( mga kapital investments mula sa ibang bansa ) Sa pamamagitan ng globalisasyon nagkakaroon ng free trade o malayang kalakalan (Pettinger, 2017)

Specialization ng mga bansa sa produktong kanilang nililikha Maaring magresulta sa competitive advantage ( maramingbansa ang nagbibigay ng parehong produkto ) na nagdudulot ng mas mababang presyo sa consumer, mas madaming pagpipiliang produkto , economies of scale at mas matinding kompetisyon (Baker at Lawson 2002) ang ekonomikong patakaran ng self-sufficiency ay maaaring magbigay ng mas malaking gastos sa isang bansa na susubukang magprodyus ng isang produkto , na maaari naman nitong mabili nang mas mura sa ibang bansa . Nakatutulong sa mahihirap na bansa . Pagtaas ng kompetisyon sa internasyonal na pamilihan . Paggalaw ng mga manggagawa o labor. Nagkakaroon ng mas mataas na investment ang isang bansa .

MGA SULIRANING KINAKAHARAP NG GLOBALISASYON Bagama’t globalisasyon ang ay maaaring makatulong sa pagkalat ng kapital sa mundo , masasabing iilang nasyon lang ang nakikinabang dito . Infant Industry Argument Ilan sa papaunlad na bansa ay naapektuhan ng mga taripa at protectionism measures ng ilan sa mga mauunlad na bansa . Kalayaan ng ilang multi- nasyonal na kumpanya na gamitin ang tax havens sa ibang bansa upang maiwasan ang pagbabayad ng malalaking buwis . Instibilidad ng ilang ekonomiya dahil sa interdependency ng mga bansa sa isa’t isa. Pag- iisip ng ilang nasyonal na lider na ang kanilang national sovereignty ay maapektuhan .

REFERENCES: Jeffrey Ancheta, Maria Filipinas C. Loquellano, Gil D. Ramos and Renato Agdalpen. 2019. GlobalisasyonsaKasalukuyangDaigdig. Mutya Publishing House Inc. Steger, Manfred B., Paul Battersby, and Joseph M. Siracusa, mga ed. 2014. The SAGE Handbook of Globalization. Dalawangtomo. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.

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