Contribution of Indian environmentalist

Dr. RAvindra Agarwal

1. Environmental Activists (people in Env .)

2. ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVISM “Advocacy for or work towards protecting the natural environment from destruction or pollution”. Environmental activists work on preventing and then eliminating pollution and preserving and conserving the natural environment

3. SUGATHAKUMARI Born –1934 in Kerela . Poet , activist, committed conservationist environmentalist (forefront of environmental and feminist movements in Kerela . “ Save Silent Valley ” protest. Dharna against Athirappilly hydro electric project

4. MEDHA PATKAR Born – 1st December 1954 in Mumbai . Led “ NBA “ Narmada Bachao Andolan ”(a 32 year`s old social movement) in three states:   Madhya Pradesh ,  Maharashtra Gujarat . justice for the people affected by the da m projects related to the Sardar Sarovar dams project. She was a commissioner on the   World Commission on Dams ,  Founders of the  National Alliance of People's Movements  (NAPM ), As members of working class GBGBA ( Ghar Bachao Ghar Banao Andolan ) in mumbai and fight for rights of slum-dwellers and those cheated by the builders in various rehabilitation and re-development projects . Played a pivotal role in driving out the Tata Nano plant from Singur and set up in  Sanand , Gujarat (2008).

5. Awards and honours 1991:  Right Livelihood Award [26] 1992:  Goldman Environment Award [27] 1995:  Green Ribbon Award  for Best International Political Campaigner by BBC, England 1999: Human Rights Defender's Award from Amnesty International, Germany 1999: M.A. Thomas National Human Rights Award from  Vigil India Movement [28] 1999: Person of The Year BBC 1999: Deena Nath Mangeshkar Award [29] 1999: Kundal Lal Award for peace1999: Mahatma Phule Award [30] 2001: Basavashree Award [31] 2013: Bhima Bai Ambedkar Award 2014:  Mother Teresa Award  for Social Justice

6. SUNDERLAL BAHUGUNA Born-9th January 1927, Garhwali Environmentalist. Chipko Movement leader ( 1973,) in UP . ( Gaura Devi; Birth of Chipko ) Created the Chipko slogan “ Ecology is permanent economy” Led the Anti- Tehri Dam movement (1980-2004): We don't want the dam. The dam is the mountain's destruction” Awards 1981:  Padma Shri  Award by government of India, but he refused it. 1987:  Right Livelihood Award  ( Chipko Movement ) 1986:  Jamnalal Bajaj Award  for constructive work. 1989: Honorary Degree of Doctor of  Social Sciences  was conferred by  IIT Roorkee 2009:  Padma Vibhushan  Award by government of India for environment conservation

7. MANEKA GANDHI Born- 26th August 1956. Indian politician, animal rights activist, environmentalist. Started the organization “people for animals” She is also a patron of international animal rescue. Worked a lot for the cause of wild life protection. Authored a number of books in areas of animal welfare. Books: Heads and Tails

8. Awards Environmentalist and Vegetarian of the year 1994 Prani Mitra Award, 1996 Maharana Mewar Foundation Award, 1996 for Environmental work Marchig Animal Welfare and selling Prize, Switzerland, 1997 Venu Menon Animal Allies Foundation Lifetime Achievement Award, 1999 Bhagwan Mahaveer Foundation Award for Excellence in the sphere of Truth, Non-violence and Vegetarianism, 1999 Dinanath Mangeshkar Aadishakti Puraskar in the field of Environment and animal welfare, 2001 Rukmini Devi Arundale Animal Welfare Award Human Achiever Award in field of Women Empowerment and Children Welfare by Human Achiever Foundation, India.

9. MAHESH CHANDRA MEHTA M C Mehta is undoubtedly India’s most famous environmental lawyer. Protecting the Taj Mahal , cleaning up the Ganges River banning intensive shrimp farming on the coast, initiating Government to implement environmental education in schools and colleges, and a variety of other conservation issues. awarded the  Goldman Environmental Prize  in 1996 for his continuous fights in Indian courts against pollution-causing industries. He received the  Ramon Magsaysay Award  for Asia for Public Service in 1997. The Government of India awarded him the civilian honour of the  Padma Shri  in 2016.

10. SUNITA NARAYAN Born in 1961 She is an Indian environmentalist and political activist as well as a major proponent of the Green concept of sustainable development. She is currently the director of the India-based Centre for Science and Environment and publisher of the fortnightly magazine, Down To Earth. In 2005, she was awarded the  Padma Shri  by the  Government of India . In 2005 the Centre for Science and Environment under her leadership was awarded the  Stockholm Water Prize . She was awarded an  honorary Doctor of Science  by the  University of Calcutta  in 2009. Raja- Lakshmi Award  for the year 2009 from  Sri Raja- Lakshmi Foundation , Chennai. In 2016 Narain was named to  Time Magazine 's list of  100 Most Influential People . In 2016 Nairan received the IAMCR Climate Change Communication Research in Action Award

11. Rajendra K. Pachauri Rajendra Kumar Pachauri (born August 20, 1940) has served as the chair of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). He is also been director general of TERI, a research and policy organization in India, and chancellor of TERI University. He has also been the chairman of the governing council of the National Agro Foundation (NAF), as well as the chairman of the board of Columbia University's International Research Institute for Climate and Society. Pachauri has been outspoken about climate change. He is now serving as the head of Yale's Climate and Energy Institute (YCEI). At the Nobel Peace Prize ceremony when the award was shared between Al Gore and the IPCC on December 10, 2007, Pachauri represented the IPCC.

12. M. S. Swaminathan Mankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan is an Indian geneticist and international administrator. Born 7 August 1925 in Tamilnadu . “Father of Indian Green Revolution " for his leadership and success in introducing and further developing high-yielding varieties of wheat. Moving India to  sustainable development especially using environmentally sustainable agriculture, sustainable food security  and the preservation of biodiversity which he calls an " evergreen revolution.“ Worked as Director General of ICAR, IRRI and IUCN Founder of M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation in Chennai. Chairman of the  National Commission on Agriculture , National Commission on Farmers .

13. Honours and awards H.K. Firodia award  for excellence in Science & Technology Four Freedoms Award   for Freedom from want and Freedom from fear, 2000 International Geographical Union  awarded " in recognition of his unique success in outstanding scientific research and its application. UNEP   Sasakawa Environment Prize. The Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement  “ to increasing biological productivity on an ecologically sustainable basis, and to promoting the conservation of biological diversity“ Honda Prize, [ for achieving outstanding results in the field of  ecotechnology , Padma Shri  1967 Padma Bhushan 1972 Padma Vibhushan  1989 World Food Prize  for advancing human development through increased quantity, quality or accessibility of food, 1987 Golden Heart Presidential Award of the  Philippines ,

14. Albert Einstein World Award of Science   Borlaug Award , Ramon Magsaysay Award   Karmaveer Puraskaar   Dupont -Solae Award for his contribution to the field of food and nutrition security Life Time Achievement Award from BioSpectrum Indira Gandhi Gold Plaque by the  Asiatic Society  for his significant contribution towards human progress. Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament and Development Lokmanya Tilak Award Millennium Alumnus Award by the  Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Prof P N Mehra Memorial Award Legend in his Lifetime Award by the World Wilderness Trust- India

15. Dr. B.P. Pal Medal for unique contributions to agricultural research V. Gangadharan Award for outstanding contributions to National Development Lal Bahadur Shastri Deshgaurav Samman Dr. J.C. Bose Medal, Bose Institute Krishi Ratna Award Rathindranath Tagore Prize of  Visva Bharati University R.D. Misra Medal of the Indian Environmental Society Barclay Medal of the  Asiatic Society  for contributions to genetics Moudgil Prize of the  Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) for contributions to standardisation Birbal Sahni Medal of the Indian Botanical Society for contributions to Applied Botany Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award  for contributions to Biological Sciences Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration  of the  Indian National Congress

16. Indira Gandhi Indira Gandhi: The naturalist prime ministe Enactment of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, and for her leadership of Project Tiger. Environmental conservation policies. Network of PAs grew from 65 to 298.

17. Madhav Gadgil Born in1942 in Maharashtra An Indian ecologist, academic, writer, columnist and the founder of the  Centre for Ecological Sciences. The identification of the  Nilgiris  as the first biosphere reserve in India. Chairman of the  Western Ghats Ecology Expert Panel (WGEEP), which later came to be known as the  Gadgil Commission . Editor of “ Life Scapes of Peninsular India ”. Padma Shri   Padma Bhushan Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology  H. K. Firodia award Vikram Sarabhai  Award

18.  Anil Agarwal Born in 1947 in Kanpur, (1947- 2 January 2002). Journalist, scientists, engineers, wrote first report on State of India’s Environment. The founder-director of the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), an active NGO currently led by  Sunita Narain .   Padma Shri  (1986) and  Padma Bhushan  (2002) for his work in environment and development.

19. ARUNDHATI ROY Born-24th November 1961 in Shillong ,  Meghalaya ,. Indian novelist, environmental activist. Writings on various social, environmental and political issues have been a subject of major controversy in India. Fought against the Narmada valley dam project along with Medha Patkar . In response to India's testing of nuclear weapons in Pokhran , (Rajasthan).   Booker Prize  for her novel  The God of Small Things . The  Lannan Foundation 's Cultural Freedom Award. Sydney Peace Prize . Sahitya Akademi Award , 

20. JOHN ABRAHAM Born – 17th December 1972. He urges youngsters to join hands for mankind and environment protection. He work for PETA( People for the ethical treatment of animals) He owns his own brigade called John’s Brigade for “Habitat for Humanity” He also helped in creating India’s first elephant village in Maharashtra for which he was awarded an Eco warrior award.

21. Dr. Salim Ali ( birdman of India) 2 November 1896 – 20 June 1987 in Bombay. Indian   ornithologist  and  naturalist . A key figure behind the  Bombay. Natural History Society  . Create the Bharatpur bird sanctuary ( Keoladeo National Park ) and prevent the destruction of what is now the  Silent Valley National Park . Chiefly in the  Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society . Books: Book Indian birds/Fall of a sparrow

22. Major Environmental Movements in India

23. What is an Environmental Movement? Also called Green movement ’ or ‘ Conservation movement. The social or political movement, for the conservation of environment or for the improvement of the state of the environment. A large number of environmental movements have emerged in India especially after 1970s. The environmental movements favor the sustainable management of natural resources. The movements often stress the protection of the environment via changes in public policy

24. Bishnoi Movement Year : 1730s Place: Khejarli , Marwar region, Rajasthan state. Leaders: Amrita Devi (influenced by Guru Maharaj Jambaji ), along with Bishnoi villagers in Khejarli and surrounding villagers hugged a tree in an attempt to stop them Aim: Save sacred trees (  Khejri ) from being cut down by the Maharaja Abhai Singh Rathore’s soldiers for a new palace. 363 Bishnoi villagers were killed in this movement.

25. The Chipko Movement Year: March 1974 Place of origin: Reni village of Gopeshwar in District Chamoli and later at Tehri-Garhwal district of Uttarakhand . Chipko means “tree hugging or “embrace” as the villagers hugged the trees. Leaders: Sundarlal Bahuguna , Gaura Devi, Chandi Prasad Bhatt, Sudesha Devi, Bachni Devi, Govind Singh Rawat , Dhoom Singh Negi , Shamsher Singh Bisht and Ghanasyam Raturi Aim: To protect the trees on the Himalayan slopes from the axes of contractors of the forest and resistance to destruction of forests spread in the hills of Uttaranchal.

26. Background Government's decision to allot forest trees to a sports goods company. Mr. Chandi Prasad Bhatt of ‘ Dasoli Gram Swarajya Sangh ’(DGSS) wanted to establish small industries using forest resources, with an aim to provide job opportunities to local youth and check migration. The local residents in Gopeshwar were denied the similar demand of getting few trees, required for making farm tools.

27. Chandi Prasad Bhatt ; “Let them know we will not allow the felling of a single tree. When their men raise their axes, we will embrace the trees to protect them” Organized rallies to protect the forest from mass destruction. Founder of Chipko movement

28. The birth of chipko movement Gaura Devi: Head of the village Mahila Mangal Dal . “The forest nurtures us like a mother; you will only be able to use your axes on it but you have to use them first on us.” Mobilized village women for the movement when company men marched to cut the trees.

29. The spreading of movement Sunder Lal Bahuguna (Environmentalist). Enlightened the country and out world about the movement, its success and environmental impact.

30. Sparking off of the movement Chandi Prasad Bhatt Sunder Lal Bahuguna Sarla Bahen ( Catherine Mary Heilman ) from Lakshmi Ashram Women groups Uttarakahand Sangharsh Vahini (USV) Took part in different rallies and gatherings Highlighted the importance of trees in the life of human beings. Active in protecting the forests from auctions for commercial cuttings

31. Success of Chipko movement The movement has spread to many states in the country. It stopped felling of trees in the Western Ghats and the Vindhyas . Generated pressure for formulation of a natural resource policy. Achieved a major victory in 1980 with a 15-year ban on green felling in the Himalayan forests and by 1981, over a million trees had been planted through their efforts. More than 1,00,000 trees have been saved from excavation. Started protecting forest slopes and Restoring bare one. Villagers paid special attention in care of the trees and forest trees are being used judiciously.

32. New methods of forest farming have been developed, both to conserve the forests and create employment. As a diverse movement with diverse experiences, strategies, and motivations, Chipko inspired environmentalists both nationally and globally and contributed substantially to the emerging philosophies of eco-feminism and deep ecology and fields of community-based conservation and sustainable mountain development

33. Recognition & Reward Chandi Prasad Bhatt- Raman Megasessey award Sunder Lal Bahuguna - Padma Bhusan Award

34. Appiko Movement Year : Sept.1983 Appiko (To hug) Place : Uttara Kannada and Shimoga districts of Karnataka. Leaders: Appiko’s greatest strengths lie in it being neither driven by a personality nor having been formally institutionalized. However, it does have a facilitator in Pandurang Hegde . Aim: Against the felling and commercialization of natural forest and the ruin of ancient livelihood in Western Ghat .

35. Narmada bachao andolan (NBA) The Narmada River: one of the holiest rivers in the country. Narmada means ‘ever-delightful’ “they say that even the site of the river will cleanse all of your sins ”

36. Narmada River It is the fifth largest river (Indus, Brahmaputra, Ganges and Godavari) in the country and the largest on ein gujarat. From origin ( Amarkantak ) to Arabian sea near the Bharuch city of Gujarat is 1312 kilometers (815 miles) while the length up to dam site is 1163 kilometers (723 miles). The total basin area of the river is 97,410 km 2 comprising 85,858 km 2 in Madhya Pradesh, 1658 km 2 in Maharashtra and 9894 km 2 in Gujarat. 

37. Sardar Sarover Dam Project The first of the dams to be built is the Sardar Sarovar . It is considered to be one of the most important dams in the project and the biggest water development project in India. A concrete gravity dam, 1210 meters (3970 feet) in length with a maximum height of 163 (138+25) meters (~ 535 feet) Third highest concrete dam in India, the first two being Bhakra Dam (226 metres , on Sutlej River) and Lakhwar Dam (192 meters, on Yamuna River) in UP.

38. According to the government, the Sardar Sarovar Dam will do the following: • Provide safe drinking water to 30 million people • Irrigate 4.8 million hectares of land • Produce 550MW of power • Provide 1,300 cubic-meters of water per yr. for municipal and industrial purposes • Provide a drainage system to carry away flood waters • It will also take the land of 320,000 people

39. Social and Economic Implications of Dams Relocation of communities: - impacts on health, & economic, social, cultural well-being Loss of community control over water: - transfer of control from local level to central government or corporate control Diseases: - encouraged by dam projects (creating habitat for parasites), e.g. schistosomiasis , malaria, filaria . Increasing cost of dams: - problems encountered in building dams (ex. sedimentation). - cost of mitigating social, environmental impacts. - delays - best sites already taken only more remote, more difficult sites left.

40. Narmada Bachao Andolan , (Save the Narmada Movement). The movement started in 1985 when the World Bank loan to India $450 million for the Sardar project. NBA started by a social worker named Medha Patkar . People involved; Dalits and Adivasi (indigenous people). Arundhati Roy: Booker Prize-winning author; wrote a book about the Dams in India called ‘The Greater Common Good’. “Nobody builds Big Dams to provide drinking water to rural people. Nobody can afford to.” “There's a lot of money in poverty” Baba Amte : a social worker whose work with leprosy has earned him much respect in the country among the tribal people and government officials. Aamir Khan, Ali Kazmi , Alok Agarwal etc. Narmada bachao andolan (NBA)

41. Aim OF NBA The movement first started as a protest for not providing proper rehabilitation and resettlement for the people who have been displaced by the construction of Sardar Sarovar Dam. Later on, the movement turned its focus on the preservation of the environment and the eco-systems of the valley . Activists also demanded the height of the dam be reduced to 88 m from the proposed height of 130m. Slogans: Vikas Chahiye , Vinash Nahin ! (Development wanted, not destruction) and " koi nahi hatega , bandh nahi banega !" (we won't move, the dam won't be constructed). World Bank withdrew from the project.

42. World Bank withdraw the loan? It was a protest by the NBA called ' satyagraha ‘ that caught the World Banks attention. They sent in an independent review team headed by Hugh Brody, (a British anthropologist) and Donald Gamble, (a Canadian environmental engineer).

43. Independent Review findings No environmental impact report No assessment on the effects of people living down stream despite a previous report by the bank regarding increased salinity that would destroy fishing grounds, increase in silt and the project would only be able to irrigate 5% of what was initially stated. People have died because of malaria. A previous report from the bank said the project was ‘taking malaria to the doorsteps of the villagers’. But the report stated the measures promised to prevent this were ‘not yet due’. Inadequate resettlement plans.

44. Environmental Impacts Threat to aquatic habitat barriers for fish passage, water quality is affected because of change in land use canals. Water logging excess water in the soil and can render the soil useless. This could affect 40% of the area to be irrigate. Salinisation – when irrigation water has more saline content and adds more salt to the system. This happens because the land to be irrigated is an arid area and not used to so much water. This impacts the flora and fauna and makes the water not suitable for drinking.

45. Health Impacts Outbreak of diseases the concern of an increase in malaria because of the increased reservoirs and water logged lands, which are prime locations for mosquitoes. Authorities have suggested pesticides but there is concern for humans ingesting the pesticide. Another disease on the rise is TB because of the increasing number of people being moved out of their villages because of dams. The shanty towns they move to have no running water and no plumbing

46. Social Impacts There was no social impacts assessment before the dam project started. The World Bank tried to do a assessment after the dam project started but found that there was a ‘severe shortage in baseline data’. Lack of communication between the state and the people who were to be affected by the project.

47. Year wise Sept 1989 : 60,000 people rally against destructive development Jan 1990 : 5,000 people marched on the Narmada Valley Development authority offices forcing them to close March 1990 : 10,000 protesters blocked the highway from Bombay for two days May 1990 : 2,000 people staged a sit-in outside the prime ministers house in Delhi. Christmas Day 1990 : Long March – 3,000 people walked, 100km, which took a week to the dam site, once they got there Medha Patkar and 6 others went on a hunger strike demanding the government suspend work on the dam and hold an independent review. It lasted 22 days until they broke fast -this made Narmada an international issue. Jan 1991 – The World Bank commissions independent review

48. Anti- Tehri Dam movement  Year:   From 1980s till 2004 Height : 260.5 m (855 ft) high rock and earth-fill  dam Place: Bhagirathi River near Tehri in Uttarakhand Leaders : Sundarlal Bahuguna , V.D. Saklani , (lawyer & Founder) Aim: The protest was against the displacement of town inhabitants and environmental consequence of the weak ecosystem. About the movemnt : Tehri dam attracted national attention in the 1980s and the 1990s. The major objections include the seismic sensitivity of the region, submergence of forest areas along with Tehri town etc. Despite the support from other prominent leaders like Sunderlal Bahuguna , the movement has failed to gather enough popular support at national as well as international level

49. Silent Valley Movement Year: 1978 Place: Silent Valley, an evergreen tropical forest in the Palakkad district of Kerala, India ( Kunthipuzha River that runs) Leaders: The Kerala Sastra Sahitya Parishad (KSSP) an NGO, and the poet activist Sughathakumar i played an important role in the Silent Valley protests. Aim : Protect the moist evergreen forest from being destroyed by a hydroelectric project. Natural home Lion-tailed macaque. They are among the world's rarest and most  threatened   primates .

50. Out comes June 1982 : The Centre re-examines the issue through a commission chaired by Prof. M.G.K. Menon , Madhav Gadgil ,  Dilip K. Biswas and others as members, November 1983 : Silent Valley Hydroelectric Project is called off ( Indira Gandhi) 1985 : Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi formally inaugurates Silent Valley National Park. September 1986 Silent Valley National Park was designated as the core area of the  Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve .

51. Environmentally Significant days Day Event Feb. 2 World Wetlands Day Celebrated first time in 1997 to protect wetland or Ramsar site. Feb. 28 National Science Day First time1987 (Discovered Raman Effect) March 3 World Wildlife Day First time 2013, The day of the adoption of the  CITES March 21 World Forest day  First time 2013 March 22 World Water Day First time 1993 April 22 Earth Day First time 1970 May 22 World Biodiversity Day First time 1992 (at the Reo Earth summit)

52. June 5 World Environment Day First time in 1987 July 11 World population Day First time in 1987 July 29 World Tiger Day First time in 2010 Sept. 16 International Ozone Day First time in 2000 First Monday of October  World Habitat day First time in 1986 Oct. 04 World Animal day First time in 1929 Dec. 02 Bhopal Tragedy day Dec. 2, 1984 Aug 06 Hiroshima (Antinuclear ) Day Aug 06, 1945

53. Formed: 1985 (Minister : Dr. Harshvardhan ) The ministry is responsible for planning, promoting, coordinating, and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry  programmes in the country. Act as nodal agency in the country for UNEP, SACEP, ICIMOD. The importance of Environmental Information, the MoEF of GOI in December, 1982, established an Environmental Information System (ENVIS) as a plan programme . Focus of ENVIS is to providing environmental information to decision makers, policy planners, scientists and engineers, research workers, etc. all over the country.

54. Botanical Survey of India (BSI) Founded 13 February 1890 , by MoEF &CC (GOI), HQ: Kolkata. First ex-officio Director :Sir George King, who had been superintendent of Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta. To survey, research and conservation of plant resources, flora and endangered species. Magazine: Vanaspati Vaani ( hindi ), Nelumbo : a biannual journal. Currently have 9 regional center.

55. Founded June 1981 , by MoEF &CC (GOI), HQ: Dehradun . FSI has been monitoring forest fires across the country using MODIS (Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) and GIS based technology Publication: Biennial " The State of Forest Reports " and area-specific reports on "The Reports on Inventory and Wood Consumption Studies”

56. Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) Established on 1st July, 1916 , HQ : Kolkata (WB)   Symbol: Indian Gaur ( Bos gaurus ). It is currently operated from 16 regional centers and coordinated by the Conservation and Survey Division in the MoEF , GOI. Conduct survey on fauna of India and collected type specimens and this makes it one of the largest collections in Asia.

57. Central Pollution Control Board Established in Sept. 1974 u nder the Water Act, 1974 and Air Act, 1981 to prevent and control pollution to improve the  quality of India’s Environment (EPA, 1986). Head office in New Delhi, with 7 zonal offices and 5 laboratories, along with its counterparts the State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs). Zonal office:   Bengaluru , Kolkata,  Shillong , Bhopal,  Lucknow ,   Vadodara  and a Project Office at Agra.

58. The Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS), Symbol: Hornbill bird, HQ: Mumbai Founded on 15 September, 1883 (with 6 member). India’s largest and oldest NGO, engaged in conservation , wildlife and biodiversity research. ‘save the silent valley’s campaign’. Publishes a popular magazine: The Hornbill Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society Salim Ali’s Handbook on Birds JC Daniel Book of Indian reptiles SH Prater’s book of Indian mammals PV Bole’s book of Indian trees.

59. The Salim Ali Center for Ornithology and Natural History (SACON) An autonomous organization established in 1990 , public- NGO partnership between the MoEF&CC , and BNHS. HQ: Coimbatore (TN) A national centre for information, education and research in ornithology and natural history in India. Its mission is “To help conserve India’s biodiversity and its sustainable use through research, education and peoples’ participation, with birds at the centre stage ”

60. Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), New Delhi Founder : Anil Agarwal ( 1980 ) Its conducts workshops and seminars on biodiversity, sustainable and equitable environmental issue. Published a major document on the “ State of India’s Environment ” (by Anil Agarwal). Also published a popular magazine; ‘Down to Earth’

61. Centre for Environment Education (CEE) Established in August 1984 as a Centre of Excellence supported by the MoEF&CC HQ: Ahmedabad and has 41 offices across India. Director: Mr.  Kartikeya Sarabhai Developing programmes and materials to increase awareness about the environment and sustainable development with leading to a better environment and a better quality of life.

62. Wild life Institute of India (WII) An autonomous institution of MoEF , GOI, Established in 1982 Dehradun . It is an internationally acclaimed institution, which offers training program, academic courses and research in wildlife management. Most significant Publication “Planning wild life protected area network for India” It trains personnel in eco-development, wildlife biology, habitat management and nature interpretation.

63. NEERI CSIR- National Environmental Engineering Research Institute  is a research institute created and funded by GOI. Established in  Nagpur in 1958 as Central Public Health Engineering Research Institute (CPHERI) Focus on water supply, sewage disposal, communicable diseases and to some extent on industrial pollution and occupational diseases found com,mon in post-independent India. NEERI has 5 zonal laboratories at Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad , Kolkata and Mumbai. Contribution in following thrust area of R&D Env . Monitoring Env . Biotechnology Hazard Waste Management, Env . Policy analysis, Env . Imact and Risk Assessment , Env . System design, modeling, and optimization.

64. The Madras Crocodile Bank Trust (MCBT) First crocodile conservation breeding in Asia. Founded in 1976 to conserve Indian crocodilians and other species of endangered reptiles in Mamallapuram (TN). Over 1500 crocodiles and several hundred eggs have been supplied to various state forest departments for restocking programmes in the wild, and for setting up breeding facilities in other state in India and neighboring countries. Started the first sea turtle surveys and conservation program in India, including a sea turtle hatchery. It is the site of the Irula Snake catchers’ cooperative society, which is an adivasi self-help project and supplies all of India’s snake and scorpion venom needed for the production of anti-venom and for medical use.

65. Established in 1974 in New Delhi , formerly known as Tata Energy and Research Institute. Have many centers in India and abroad Southern Regional Centre,  Bangalore Western Regional Centre,  Goa North - Eastern Regional Centre,   Guwahati Himalayan Centre,  Mukteshwar TERI Mumbai,  Navi Mumbai TERI Japan, Tokyo TERI North America, Washington D.C TERI Europe, London TERI South East Asia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Publication: Monthly magazine Terra Green, TERI Energy Data Directory and Yearbook  ( TEDDY)

66. C.P.R. Environmental Education Centre (CPR-EEC) Centre of Excellence of the ( MoEF&CC ),GOI, established jointly by the Ministry and the C.P. Ramaswami Aiyar Foundation. HQ: Chennai in 1988.

67. Center for Environmental Nuclear Research (CENR), Chennai in 2009by DAE in SRM University. Center for Environment planning and Technology (CEPT), Ahmedabad - Established in 1972 as the 'School of Planning'. - As university in 2005. BVI EER, ( Env . Edu . and Research).