control of rodents and insects 2024.pptx

control of rodents and innsects

1. CONTROL OF RODENTS AND INSECTS

2. FIVE BASIC METHODS OF CONTROL 1. Physical (mechanical)- use of mechanical devices or physical forces. 2. Chemical - use of rodenticides, insecticides, and larvicides.

3. 3. Biological - consideration of limiting factors that affect their growth and reproduction. 4. Environmental - cleanliness of the immediate premises and proper building construction and maintenance so as to prevent access of these pests into human dwellings

4. 5. Educational - health education and information such that the population will understand and appreciate the importance of control measures and therefore motivate them to change their habits, practices, and attitudes, which promote the survival and multiplication of pests.

5. Murine Typhus Ricketssia Typhi Infected rat fleas Plague Blood Pasteurella pestis Rigurgation of infected into bite wound by flea Rat bite fever Streptobacillus Moniliformis Rat bites DISEASES CAUSATIVE ORGANISM MODE OF TRANSMISSION

6. Salmonellosis Salmonella species Rodent urine and/or feces Weil’s disease Leptospira icterohaemorr-hagiae Rodent urine and/or feces Rickettsialpox Rickettsia akari House mouse night bite

7. Murine Typhus also called  endemic typhus is a form of typhus transmitted by fleas, usually on rats is an under-recognized entity, as it is often confused with viral illnesses most people who are infected do not realize that they have been bitten by fleas.

8. Rat bite fever is an acute, febrile human illness caused by bacteria transmitted by rodents, rats or mice in most cases, which is passed from rodent to human via the rodent's urine or mucous secretions

9. Salmonellosis is an infection with  Salmonella  bacteria most people infected with  Salmonella  develop  diarrhea , fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection

10. Weil’s disease is the acute human form of a bacterial infection with a raft of different names: mud fever, swamp fever, haemorrhagic jaundice, swineherd's disease, sewerman's flu. The infection is caught through contact with infected animal urine (mainly from rodents, cattle or pigs), generally in contaminated water, and typically enters the body through cuts or scrapes, or the lining of the nose, mouth, throat or eyes.

11. Rickettsialpox is an illness caused by bacteria of the  Rickettsia  genus the first symptom is a bump formed by the bite, eventually resulting in a black, crusty scab is treated with  doxycycline . Doxycycline  is a member of the tetracycline antibiotics group, and is commonly used to treat a variety of infections.

12. GENERAL RODENT CONTROL METHODS

13. 1. Preventive (environmental control) Elimination of food by proper garbage disposal and food storage.

14. b. Elimination of breeding placesa ( harborage ) by proper refuse storage, satisfactory house-keeping and proper design and construction of buildings.

15. c. Rat-proofing of buildings-Special construction to prevent rats from going under, through, and over the building.

16. d. Health education and information

17. 2. Suppressive Measures Physical - use of traps(spring trap, cage trap, etc.), shooting with bullets, darts, catching, clubbing

18. b. Chemical - use of poisons which maybe generally classified into: b.1. contact poisons b.2. stomach poisons b.3. fumigants b.4. sterilants

19. c. Biological - use of living rat predator and disease agents

20. IMPORTANCE OF PROTECTING PUBLIC HEALTH FROM MOSQUITOES

21. Mosquitoes are slender delicate insects having scales on their wings and long antennae. The mouth parts are adapted for piercing and sucking, but the males do not suck blood, the boring apparatus not being strong enough to penetrate the human or animal skin. The female mosquitoes feed only on the blood of man and animal, while the male mosquitoes feed on the nectar from flowers

22. MALARIA Anopheles Minimus Flavirostris is by far the most dangerous malaria transmitter in the Philippines. Anopheles mangyanus seems an effective vector among the primitive Mangyans in Mindoro island. The control of this mosquitoes is being undertaken by the Malaria Eradication Program under the Department of Health so as to achieve the eradication of malaria in the Philippines and to prevent it’s re-introduction.

23. FILARIASIS or ELEPHANTIASIS The vectors of these diseases are found in the Philippines are Aedes poecilus and Culex quinquefasciatus The control of these mosquitoes is now being undertajen by the Filariasis Program under the Department of Health.

24. DENGUE AND YELLOW FEVER Aedes Aegypti is the carrier of dengue and yellow fever. The adult mosquito is medium-sized and gives the impression of being gray, but when closely examined, the gray color is found to be due to silvery working on the legs, abdomen and thorax. To control mosquitoes for disease prevention, mention has been made of the Malaria Eradication Program and the Filariasis