cosmetic hair medical knowledge dr Mahmoud Said

medical knowledge hair

2. System
mahmoudsaidhabib [email protected]

3. Medical Background
Disease Area
Product Knowledge
Market Overview
Competitor Knowledge
Promotional Plan

4. THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
The integument as an organ,
and is an alternative name for skin.
The integumentary system includes
the skinand the skin derivatives
hair, nails, and glands.
04-Jul-23 4

5. Integumentary system
•Skin appendages
•Sebaceous gland
•Sweats gland
•Sensory receptor
•Hair
•Nails
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 5

6. anatomy and physiology
Medical Background
1.Skin layer
2.Skin cells
3.Skin protein
4.Skin protein function
5.Skin type
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 6

7. STRUCTURE OF SKIN
Understanding how the skin can function in these many
ways starts with understanding the structure of the 3
layers of skin
TheEpidermis
Epithelial tissue
Dermis
Dense connective tissue proper –irregular
Hypodermis
Subcutaneous tissue-loose connective tissue proper and
adipose tissue
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 7

8. STRUCTURE OF SKIN
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
or
subcutaneouslayer
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 8

9. •The outermostlayer is called the epidermis. It is built of multiple
cellular layers. The lower parts of the epidermis contain
keratinocytes (the principal cells that build the epidermis) and
pigment cells, melanocyte, whichare responsible for the production
of the brownpigmentknown as melanin.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 9

10. The Epidermis
STRATUM CORNEUM
STRATUM LUCIDIUM
GRANULAR LAYER
SPINEY LAYER
BASAL LAYER
•14 layers (depth of a human hair)
•Corneocytes and Lipids
•Forms Barrier
•3-5 layers
•Callusing (palms/soles)
•4-5 layers
•Lipid granules & Langerhans cells
•Several layers
•Lipid granules & Langerhans cells
•Has “spines” for cellular adhesion
•Early keratin production site
•1 layer
•Produces keratinocytes
•Melanocytes
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 10

11. •The outer cell layers of the epidermis
undergo a constantturn-over. As the
cellsmoveto the upper layers, they die
and fill up with a protein called keratin.
The spaces between the dead cells are
filled up with a special lipid "cement".
•In a skin that is not prone to any
problems, these outer layers are
protected with a special water-lipid
coating,and dead, keratinized cells
peel off in a regular manner to make
space for the next generations of cells.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 11

12. 04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 12

13. 04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
47% 11% 25%
13

14. 04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 14

15. Barrier function of the skin ????
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 15

16. •Underthe epidermislies the secondlayer called the dermis. This is
the layer containing bloodvesselsand nerveendings. It is in the
dermis that special cells called fibroblastsproduce collagen–a
protein responsible for skin elasticity.
Skin Structure:
Dermis
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 16

17. PAPILLARY
RECTICULAR
•Composed of collagen Type 1 (80% in skin) and elastin
•High tensile strength “snap back”
•Locale for sagging
•Composed of thinner, more elastic, more densely
packed Collagen Type III
•Gives skin shape
•Locale for wrinkles
COLLAGENS are fibrous, structural proteins produced by FIBROBLASTS and made
up of amino acids proline and lysine.
There are over 14 types of COLLAGEN in the human body.
Dermis
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 17

18. EPIDERMIS
DERMIS
SUBCUTAENOUS
•Protects vs. UV, microbes,
chemical agents, trauma
•Prevents water
evaporation/absorption (TEWL)
•Performs biochemical synthesis
•Communicates with environment
•Supports/connects epidermis
Regulates Heat
•Performs wound healing
•Papillary & Reticular layers
•Cushions/absorbs impact
•Retains heat
•Excretes waste
•Stores fuel molecules
•Dryness
•Roughness
•Pigmentation
•Skin Cancer
•Enlarged Pores
•Inflammation
•Compromised Immunity
•Wrinkles
•Sagging
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 18

19. •The deepestlayeris the subcutaneoustissue built mainly of fat
tissueand connectivetissue fibers.
Skin Structure: hypo
dermis
•It constitutes the base of the skin. It is
responsible for mechanicalresistance
of the skin, and keepsthe heatinside
the body.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 19

20. Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 20

21. •Protection
•UV, chemicals, microbials
•Sensation
•receptors for touch, pain, pressure and temperature
•Thermoregulation
•Hairs and adipose tissue prevents heat loss/hypothermia
•Sweat glands and vascular blood supply prevent hyperthermia
•Metabolic function
•Adipose tissue in subcutaneous layers provides energy supply
•Vitamin D synthesized in epidermis for calcium regulation
Skin
function
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 21

22. Work shop
Mention Skin layers
name
cell type
protein produced
function of each protein
Main functions of the skin
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 22

23. Skin type
There are five basicskintypes.
•Normal skin
•Dry skin
•Oilyskin
•Combination skin
•Sensitive skin
(it is generally considered as a skin condition than a skin type)
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 23

24. Skin type
•Normal Skin:
•People with a normal
complexion have the ideal skin
type. the luckiest
•less problems
•neverface the facial skin dry
•proper balancebetween oil
and moisturecontents
Characteristics of normal skin:
•Neither too dry nor too oily
•Appears smooth
•Clear& healthy
•No severe sensitivity
•Barelyvisible pores
•A radiant complexion
Disease
Least disease
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 24

25. •Dry Skin:
•askin type that is most common among people now-a-days.
•Dry skin has a dryparched appearanceand has a tendency
to flakeeasily
•Inabilityto retainmoisture
•Prone towrinkles
•Insufficientproduction of sebum
•Has problems in coldweather
•Much moresusceptibleto the effects of externalelements
Skin type
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 25

26. Skin type
Characteristics of Dry Skin:
•Almost invisiblepores
•Dull, roughcomplexion
•Red patches
•Lesselasticity
•More visiblelines
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
Disease
Dryness
Wrinkles
04-Jul-23 26

27. •Oily Skin:
•This is the “chip chip” type of skin.
•produces too much oil
•Some people have oily skin,
particularly during adolescence
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
Skin type
Disease
Acne
•Oily skin is also prone to black heads, white heads,
spots, pimples and such skin will never be clear.
This type ofskinneedsto be cleansed thoroughly.
04-Jul-23 27

28. Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
Skin type
•Characteristics of Oily Skin:
–Enlarged pores
–Dull or shiny, thick complexion
–Blackheads, pimples, or other
blemishes
Causes of oily Skin:
–over secretion of sebum making the skin surface oily.
–The excess oil on the surface ofthe skin attracts dirt and dust
from the environment.
–Pubertyor other hormonal imbalances
–Stress
–Exposure to heat or too much humidity
04-Jul-23 28

29. Combination Skin:
•combinationof both oilyand dryskin
•centralgreasypanel consisting of
•the forehead, nose andchin (T–Zone)
•drypanel consisting of cheeksand
•the areas around the eyesand mouth
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
Skin type
Disease
Acne
Dryness
•Characteristics of Combination Skin:
–Overly dilated pores
–Blackheads
–Shiny skin
04-Jul-23 29

30. •Sensitive Skin:
•This type of skin has a fine texture
and is very sensitive to changes in
the climate.
•This skin type show the
disadvantagesofbleaching, waxing,
threading, perfumes,temperature
extremes, soap etcand for men sun,
perfumes, shaving cream etc
Characteristics of Sensitive Skin:
Redness
Itching
Burning
Dryness
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
Skin type
04-Jul-23 30

31. Work shop
Mention all Skin type
name
characteristics
Most common complain
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
لجار ولو....لـح
04-Jul-23 31

32. Hair anatomy
and physiology
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 32

33. Statistics
•Statistics show that 40 to 50% of men and
womenworldwide will suffer from hair
lossby the time they reach 60, and
regional experts emphasize the need to
take both preventive and remedial
measuresto combat this problem among
millions of people in the Middle East.
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 33

34. HAIR
•Fastest growing tissue in the body,
secondonly to bonemarrow.
•The average scalphas 100,000hairs.
•100hairsper day are lost normally from
the scalp.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 34

35. HAIR
•Hair, like epidermal horns, is derived from skin cells and is nourishedby
the capillariesof the hair follicle.
•Arteries and veins circulate into the dermis and branch into smaller
capillaries at the hair follicles, the hair papillae, and glands Transports
oxygen-richbloodand nutrientsessential for:
•Growth
•Reproduction
•Tissue repair
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 35

36. HAIR
•Found alloverbodyexceptpalms of hands and soles of feet
•Most is invisible to naked eye
•Denseron head and limbs, after puberty in groin area and axillae
(armpits)
•Hairgrowthinfluencedby hormonesand geneticinheritance
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 36

37. HAIR
•Hair is made up of a mixture of a proteincalled keratin andwater.
•The thicknessof the hair varies according to the place and is thicker in
the mustache.
•The growthrateis about 0.2-0.4 mm per day, 6-12 mm per month, or 7-
14 cm per year
•Growth rate varies according to race
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 37

38. HAIR
•Hair type
•Normal hair: It is the middle between oily hair and dry hair, so it does
not show a lot of fat and it does not appear dryness clearly, that is, it is
neither dry nor greasy.
•Greasy hair: it is the hair in which oil appears or it loses its style quickly.
•Dry hair: it is hair that is exposed to dryness after washing and that it
loses its luster at the same time.
•Mixed hair: It is hair characterized by excess fat in the scalp and less fat
on the ends, meaning greasy from the top and dry from the bottom,
and this is the most difficult type of hair and needs great care.
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 39

39. Pilosebaceous unit
•The hair follicle and its appendages
•Hair follicle and root sheaths
•Hair shaft
•Dermal papilla
•Sebaceous gland
•Arrector pili muscle
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 40

40. Pilosebaceous unit
•Chemical composition of hair protein
(SNCOH) (keratin)
•Carbon
•Oxygen
•Hydrogen
•Nitrogen
•Sulfur
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 41

41. Hair follicle
•The bulb:
•the deepest part of the hair follicle
All the germinate activity here.
•The matrixor the papilla:
•the vital zone at the base of the bulb.
•rich in blood vessels that bring oxygen and nourishment
to the bulb, reproduces the germinal cells
•The sebaceous gland:
•it produces sebum that nourishes and lubricates the
scales to give shine and elasticity to hair..
•The pilo-erector muscle:
•At the side of the sebaceous gland, it has the function of
emptying it, by means of compression.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 42

42. hair shaft (stem)
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
olong, thin cylinder shape formed by
overlapping cells
omade up of three layers:
oCuticle
oCortex
oMedulla
04-Jul-23 43

43. 1-Cuticle
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
Cuticle
•The cuticle is the outsideof the hair shaft.
•It is made up of overlapping, transparent scaleswhich protect the
cortex.
•It is made of HardKeratin& is usually 7 -10 layers thick.
•The cuticle determines porosityof hair
•creates shine, smooth silky feel
04-Jul-23 44

44. 1-Cuticle
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
•hair’s primary defense against damage
•The hair has only one cuticle layer
•Swelling the hair: raises the cuticle layer opens the space
between the scales allows liquids to penetrate
•Hair color, permanent waving solutions, and chemical hair
relaxers must have an alkaline(base) pH to penetrate the
cuticle layer
04-Jul-23 45

45. 2.The Cortex
•The Cortexis the largestand most
importantlayer and is made of hard
keratin
•Approximately 80%of hairstotal mass
•Determines the textureand elasticity
of the hair and natural color
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 46

46. 2.The Cortex
•Peptide, sulphur, hydrogenand ionic
bonds found here –these bonds allow
us to temporarilyor permanently
changethe shapeof the hair.
•Cortex-is the middle layer of the hair
consists of fibrous protein, melanin
pigment
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 47

47. 3. Medulla
•The medulla is found in the centerof the hair shaft.
•Notevery hair has a medulla, it may be continuousor broken
along the length of the hair shaft.
•The medulla is made of Soft Keratin and sometimes it may
contain melanin.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 48

48. HAIR TYPES
Vellusor lanugo hair:
•Short
•fine
•Not pigmented
•Almost never has a medulla
•Found on infants On adults:
•Forehead ,eyelids ,bald scalp
•Nearly all other areas Except:
•palms of hands
•soles of feet
Terminal hair:
•Long, soft hair
•scalp
•legs
•arms
•males and females
•Coarser than vellushair
•Is pigmented except gray hair
•medulla is darker color
•coarse texture
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 49

49. NORMAL HAIR VARIATIONS AMONG RACES
•Asiatic hair : visually straight
•Caucasian hair : may be straight , wavy or curly .
•Negroid hair : woolly or peppercorn .
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 50

50. Hair Pigment:
melanin pigment in the cortex layer
Melanin
The two main types:
1.Eumelanin
brown and black
2. Pheomelanin
red ,yellow
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 51

51. Physiology of hair
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lZaWjzxBhA&t=5s
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
Hair life cycle
52

52. Hair life cycle
ANAGEN CATAGEN TELOGEN
Growthphase Transitional phase Resting phase
2-6 years 2-6 weeks 2-6months
90% 1% 9%
There is also a shedding phase, or exogen, that is independent of anagenand telogenin which one of
several hairs that might arise from a single follicle exits.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 53

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55. 04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 56

56. 04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 57

57. Affect hair
structure
Affect hair
production
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 58

58. What causes hair shaft defects?
Hair shaft defects may be due to external injury or genetic abnormality.
•External injury to hair shaft.
•Repeated physical injury is the commonest cause of increased hair
fragility. This may be due to:
•Excessive grooming
•Tractionfrom braiding or tight pony tail
•Heatfrom a hair dryer
•Chemicalinjury may be caused by:
•Perminglotions
•Straighteners
•Dyes
•Weathering: Sun, Wind, Swimming,
Washing, Friction, Excessive hair
styling
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 60

59. brittleness beaded hair Brittle hair
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 61

60. Split ends
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 62

61. Heat is a great enemy to hair .
•Hair dryers applied the dryer must always be used with great care and at a
moderate setting
•Bubble hair is characterized by hair shafts with large “bubbles” within them. These thin
the hair cortex and breakthe hair shaft.
There may be a geneticpredisposition to bubble hair. However presentation is often
precipitated by externalinjurysuch as use of a hairdryer, physicalor chemicalhair
straighteningor curlingirons. –
treatment: trimming the affected hair
•on wet hair at high temperatures may also
provoke the well known phenomenon of
Bubble hair
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 63

62. How to Prevent Split Ends
not wash the hair with shampoomore than 2-3 times
a week, as shampoo dries your hair out.
Use conditionersand moisturizers
Do not brush wet hair.
Hair is more vulnerable to splitting when it is wet.
Instead of a round brush, use a flat paddle brush with
wide tooth for everyday styling.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 64

63. How to Prevent Split Ends
apply a leave-in conditioner for dry hair .
Use film forming products
Use products with sun protector to protect
against sun and heat
Use nutritional products with amino acids , fatty
acids, minerals , sebum like action ,
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 65

64. Modern conditioners are designed to provide one or more of the following functions:
• provide ease of wet and dry combing
• smooth, seal and realign damaged areas of the hair shaft
• minimize porosity
• impart sheen and a silken feel to the hair
• provide someprotectionagainst thermaland mechanicaldamage
• moisturize
• addvolumeand body
• eliminatestaticelectricity
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 66

65. Work shop
•Mention hair unit
•Keratin to water percent
•Hair life cycle in details
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 67

66. Check your hair
1-check your terminal end
2-check your origin of hair
3-check any sign of inflammation
4-check hair orificies
Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 04-Jul-23 68

67. Hair fall problems
Hair fall Problems
Hair shedding
Anagen
effluvium
Telogen
effluvium
Hair thinningPatchy hair loss
Alopecia areata
Traction allopecia
Trichotillomania
Total scalp hair loss
Alopecia totalis
Alopecia
universalis
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 69

68. Hair shedding
•Telogeneffluvium
•The fallen hair is in telogenphase
•TelogenEffluvium
Sudden stress relate hairs loss which appears as thinning throughout the
whole scalp can be caused by:
•Child Birth
•Pregnancy Termination’s
•Birth Control Pills
•Dieting Drug
•Therapy
•Severe Emotional Stress
•Thyroid Gland Malfunction
•Hypothyroidism ---
•Hyperthyroidism
•Diabetes
•SLE
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 70

69. Hair shedding
•Anageneffluvium
•The hair falls in anagenphase
•A diffusehair loss like telogeneffluvium, butit develops much more
quicklyand cancause individuals to losealltheir hair
•Mainly due to anticancermedications
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 71

70. Hair shedding
•Anageneffluvium
•In AnagenEffluvium the hair does not enter a resting stage as is does
with TelogenEffluvium. The hair loss is usually suddenoccurring 1 to
3 weeks after expose to the chemicalsor radiationhas occurred.
Cancer treatments such as Chemotherapy and Radiation Treatments
are the most common causes of AnagenEffluvium. However exposure
to toxic chemicals such as Thallium and Arsenic may also produce a
sudden loss of hair.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 73

71. Hair shedding
•Anageneffluvium
•Chemotherapyis used in the treatment of cancer to destroythe
cancercellswhich divide rapidly within the body. One side effect of
this cancer treatment however is that it can alsostopthe growthof
the hairand may cause the shedding of hair. In some cases up to 90%
of the hair may be affected and often the remaining 10% was already
in the resting phase before the treatment was started. Some hair
follicles do not shed the hair but produce a narrower weaker hair
which breaks off easily.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 74

72. Hair shedding
TELOGENEFFLUVIUM ANAGEN EFFLUVIUM
Causes •Hormonal
•Diet,
•Drugs
(eg: antidepressants)
•Stress,
•Disease
(eg: iron deficiency anemia)
•a part of androgeneticalopecia
(early stages of AGA may have up to 40% of
their scalp hair follicles in telogen.)
•a symptom of alopecia areata
•Chemotherapy
•Radiotherapy
•Ingestionof toxic products(eg: rat poison)
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 75

73. Hair shedding
TELOGENEFFLUVIUM ANAGEN EFFLUVIUM
Onset Delayed Acute
%of hair lost <50 >50
Hair appearance little bulbs of keratin on the rootwith a tapered or feathered root ends
Treatment Treat or Eliminate the underlying cause if possible
Minoxidil
Avoid stress
Balanced diet
Treatanemia
Cold therapy involves covering the
scalp with ice packs or using a special
hood filled with cold water while
giving anti-cancer drugs
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 76

74. Hair thinning
•More visible scalp
•Mainly due to Androgenic
alopecia
•Due to the effect of 5α-DHT
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 77

75. Effect of DHT
=Dihydrotestosterone
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 78

76. Androgeneticalopecia
•Hair loss that results from a genetic predisposition that makes follicles
sensitive to the effects of DHT.
•It is the mostcommonformof hairlossand can also affect women.
•In malepatternbalding there is a gradual reduction in the duration of
anagenand a prolongation of the latent period of the hair cycle and hair
follicles also become miniaturized.
•There is some controversy over whether femaleandrogeneticalopecia is
the same entity as male balding. Nevertheless, the follicular changes are
very similar if not identical.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 79

77. Hair thinning
•Male pattern baldness is caused by a genetic sensitivity of hair follicles to
DHT, which causes them to shrink when exposed to it. This shortens their
lifespan and prevents them from producing hair normally.[2]
•Menwith androgenicalopecia typically have higher levels of 5-alpha-
reductase, lower levels of total testosterone, higher levels of
unbound/free testosterone, and higher levels of total free androgens
including DHT.[9][10]
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 81

78. Hair thinning
Treatments include:
•Finasteride, the recommended first-line treatment
•Dutasterideand Ketoconazoleare also 5-alpha reductaseinhibitors, but
as of 2010, have not been FDA-approved as hair loss treatments
•Minoxidil, the recommended second-line treatment[18]
•LLLT, or Low Level Laser Therapy
•Topical Caffeine[19]
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 82

79. Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
Androgenic alopecia
Hamilton scale
04-Jul-23 83

80. Hamilton scale
•Stage 2
•minimal receding hairline in the front or the side of scalp.
•Stage 3
•Same receding pattern as Stage 2 but it gets deeper to the back.
•Stage 4
•the frontal region almost reaches to the top (vertex) of head.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 84

81. Hamilton scale
•Stage 5
•The balding now reaches to the vertex of your scalp and frontal
region is gone.
•Stage 6
•At this point, there won't be any difference from Vertex and
Anterior thinning. Whole frontal and top part of head is a goner
•Stage 7
•Now hair has totally receded all the way back to the base of head
and just slightly above ears.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 85

82. Dr Mahmoud Said Habib
Androgenic alopecia
Ludwig scale
04-Jul-23 86

83. Ludwig scale
•Scale 1
•Stage 1 represents the earlybeginningsof Female Pattern
Baldness where the diffusethinningbegins all over the scalp. In
this stage, it's hard to notice any big difference or signs of
baldness.
•Scale 2
•Female losses over half of her hair. The thinning at parting are
pretty obvious and overall hair appearance might start to look
fragile and thin.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 87

84. Ludwig scale
•Scale 3
•Hair loss is pretty obvious and you can easily see through scalp. At
the very moment, at least 60-70% of hair on top of head has
already thinned out and it's very hard to cover the baldness at any
angle.
•Scale 4 (Advanced Stage)
•Getting hair back or making hair loss less obvious is pretty much
useless with medications now. By now, hair loss has reached the
advanced stage where you will see more scalp than hair.
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 88

85. Male and Female hair loss patterns
Male Female
Start Early age(20-25yrs) Later(30-40)
Hair loss Localized ProgressiveDiffuse
Pattern Bitemporal-vertex Diffuse
Anteriorhair line Lost preserved
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 89

86. Patchy hair loss
•Alopecia areata
•Autoimmune disorder
•May be hereditary or congenital.
•Commonly one or more round spots (small, bald patches)
on the scalp or beard
•Environmental triggers
(stress, pathogen) are thought to combine with hereditary
factors to cause the condition
•May lead to alopecia totalisor alopecia universalis
•Treatment : Steroid injections
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 90

87. Patchy hair loss
•Traction alopecia
•Hair loss, caused by pulling
force being applied to the hair
•Corn raws
•Hair rollers
•Pigtails
•Trichotillomania
•hair loss from a patient's repetitive
self-pulling of hair
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 91

88. Total scalp hair loss
•Alopecia totalis
•Hair loss of all scalp
•Autoimmune disorder
•Alopecia universalis
•Hair loss from all body
•Autoimmune disorder
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 92

89. Hair fall causes
•Causes:
•Hereditary
•Stress: after illness or surgery
•Hormonal: thyroid, sex hormones (eg. postpartum)
•Medications: anticoagulants,antidepressants, ++vitA
•Underlying disease: anemia, diabetes, lupus
•Intense hair pull: traction alopecia (eghair roller)
•Dandruff: scratching weaken hair roots
•Poor nutrition (diet)
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 93

90. Hair fall treatment
•Eliminate cause if possible
•Avoid stress
•Eat proper diet (vit, minerals,..)
•Treat anemia
•Treat dandruff
•Remove inflammation
•Remove sebum
•Remove free radicals
•….etc
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 94

91. Hair fall treatment
•Minoxidil: Regaine®
•Finasteride: Propecia®
•Artificial hair replacement.
•Hair transplantation
•Hair products improving circulation??
•Hair products containing supplements and vitamins
04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 95

92. 04-Jul-23 Dr Mahmoud Said Habib 96