Craniotomy

craniotomy

1. Craniotomy By Mae Krasniewicz

2. Background Prehistoric Paul Broca Name changes depending on the area of the skull that the surgical procedure is taking place

3. Background Craniectomy Burr hole Retro- sigmold “Keyhole” Craniotomy Supra-orbital “Eyebrow” Craniotomy

4. Background Types of conditions addresses by this procedure: Tumors Blood clots Epilepsy Nerve Damage Brain Injury Stroke

5. Anatomical & Physiological Considerations Focuses on the brain and cranium Affects nervous system Addresses a lertness, thought processing , involuntary movements, etc.

6. Demographics No specific age range Occurs more in adults More commonly found in men than woman

7. Affect on the Body & Mind Functional changes depend on what part of the brain is being performed on Recovery time is 1-4 weeks Daily life hopefully gets e asier

8. Affect on the Body & Mind Risks: Infection Hemorrhage Seizures Brain swelling Benefits: Being cured of the issue Less discomfort

9. Outcomes of the procedure Cured the tumor/disease Although it doesn’t happen often, craniotomy could be fatal Complications can occur like infections and blood clots

10. Surgical Procedure Popular conditions craniotomy attempts to fix: Brain Tumors Aneurysms E pilepsy

11. Surgical Procedure Before craniotomy, surgeries performed on the skull were done through drilling holes into the skull 4 main approaches: Drilling Sawing Scraping Grooving

12. Surgical Procedure General anesthesia is administered to the patient An incision is made, usually behind the hairline

13. Surgical Procedure The skin and muscles are lifted off of the bone and pinned back Cut and removes the bone flap so that the d ura is revealed

14. Surgical Procedure Use of very small tools to get deep in the brain to remove abnormal tissue Dura is then folded to expose the brain

15. Surgical Procedure Dura is closed with sutures Bone flap is placed back and secured with screws and plates Bandage the scar

16. Surgical Procedure 4 0,000 – 150,000$ Requires more time in the hospital to recover

17. Surgical Procedure Awake craniotomy and brain mapping Better outcome and preserves more healthy tissue

18. Conclusion One of the most interesting things that I learned is how many different Craniotomies there are The most important resources I used was Hopkins Medicine and Mayfield Clinic

19. Conclusion I’m still wondering about the mortality rate of all the different craniotomies

20. Bibliography http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2640049 / http://www.mayfieldclinic.com/PE-Craniotomy.htm