Critical Appraisal & Evidence based Medicine, Journal Club, Tools for critical appraisal.pptx

Critical appraisal is fundamental for Evidence Based Medicine (EBM). It is skill health care professional should develop and do regularly in view of rapidly growing knowledge and to pick the ''relevant'' and ''right'' information. Number of publications has reached from few hundred to up to 10,000 on pubmed from 1953 till 2023. Considering this enormous knowledge Critical appraisal becomes even more relevant as it is not possibly humanly to go through each and every article.

It is also important to go professionally as it is often required to do new research and to achieve targets for clinical training on career pathway.

There are several steps you need to go through while reading an article. There is quick screen to use PICO tool to decide if an article is worth reading or not. Then you can use relevant tools like CASP tool, University of Oxford tool to critically appraise an article.
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1. Critical Appraisal & Journal club

2. Objectives: Definition Evidence based medicine Steps in EBM Why Critical Appraisal is Essential?

3. Decide how trustworthy a piece of research is (Validity) Determine what the research is telling us (Results) Weigh up how useful the research will be in your context (Relevance)

4. Why Critical Appraisal is Essential?

5. PubMed Publications: Information Overload

6. Bad Science:

7. Portfolio:

8. Evidence Base Medicine:

9. What Types Of Questions Does A Critical Appraisal Encourage You To Ask? What is the main objective of the research? Who conducted the research and are they reputable? How was the research funded? Are there any potential conflicts of interest? How was the study designed? Was the sample size large enough to provide accurate results? Were the participants or subjects selected appropriately? What data collection methods were used and were they reliable and valid? Was the data analysed accurately and rigorously?

10. Were the results and conclusions drawn directly from the data or were there assumptions made? Can the findings be generalised to the broader population? How does this research contribute to existing knowledge in this field? Were ethical standards maintained throughout the study? Were any potential biases accounted for in the design, data collection or data analysis? Have the researchers made suggestions for future research based on their findings? Are the findings of the research replicable? Are there any implications for policy or practice based on the research findings? Were all aspects of the research clearly explained and detailed?

11. Appraisal Tools: CASP University of Oxford tools DFTB Library source