Cruise Missile Technology Seminar Presentation

Cruise missiles form a major part of modern warfare and have spread extensively to all branches of the military. Their effective use in a modern conflict can change the outcome of war without resorting to nuclear weapons. Improvements in cruise missile technology will see more intelligent, self-manoeuvring and hypersonic missiles flood the world market. But whatever happens, cruise missiles will remain one of the most reliable weapons for the foreseeable future.

1. CRUISE MISSILE TECHNOLOGY Seminar on the topic Presented By :- Vaibhav R. R. Chichmalkar M.Sc. (Computer Science) Semester I

2. Contents What is a Missile? About Cruise Missile . History General design of cruise missile. Categorization. Guidance system and its type. Advantages and Disadvantages. Future advancement in cruise missile: BrahMos cruise missiles Recent use of cruise missile Conclusion.

3. What is a Missile? Missile is a weapon or object that is thrown at a target ( or) A projectile, that is, something thrown or otherwise propelled There are two types of missiles:   UNGUIDED OR BALLISTIC MISSILES which moves freely to the target and can’t be controlled after launching e.g. missiles of tank   GUIDED MISSILES which are guided through some remote controls e.g. Cruise missile

4. Cruise Missile A cruise missile is basically a small unmanned aircraft also called as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). A cruise missile is an unmanned self- propelled (till the time of impact) guided vehicle that sustains flight through aerodynamic lift A cruise missile does exactly what its name says. It cruises, over land or over water. Its working is similar to a jet engine powered airplane.

5. Cruise Missiles have 8.5-foot (2.61-meter) wingspan powered by turbofan engines can fly 500 to 1,000 miles (805 to 1,610 km) depending on the configuration.   deliver a 1,000-pound (450-kg) high-explosive bomb to a precise location of the target.

6. Schematic of Cruise Missile Deployment

7. History

8. General D esign

9. General D esign Cruise missile generally consist of Guidance system, Payload, and Propulsion system, housed in an airframe with small wings. Payload usually consist of a conventional warhead or a nuclear warhead. Cruise missile is propelled by a jet engine

10. Categories Cruise missiles can be categorized by 1.)Size   2.)Speed(subsonic/supersonic ), 3.)Range 4.)Whether launched from : land, air, ship, submarine.

11. Categories Launched from air Launched from ship Launched from Land Launched from Submarine

12. Guidance S ystem The purpose of a guidance system is to direct the missile to target . Use of an automatic target recognition (ATR) algorithm/device in the guidance system increases accuracy of the missile.

13. Types of Guidance S ystem Inertial navigation system TERCOM (Terrain Contour Matching) DSMAC (Digital Scene-Mapping Area Correlator ) Satellite navigation

14. Inertial Guidance System An inertial navigation system includes a computer and a platform containing accelerometers, gyroscopes, or   other motion-sensing devices. Accelerometers measure the vertical, lateral, and longitudinal accelerations of the controlled missile . Gyroscopes measure the angular velocity of the system.

15. Inertial Guidance System

16. TERCOM (Terrain Contour Matching) It uses a pre-recorded contour map of the terrain that is compared to measurements made during flight by an on-board radar altimeter. The missile's radar altimeter feeds measurements into a smaller buffer, and averages them out to produce a single measurement. The series of such numbers a strip of measurements similar to those held in the maps. The two are compared to overlay the strip on the known map, and the positioning of the strip within the map produces a location and direction.

17. TERCOM (Terrain Contour Matching)

18. DSMAC (Digital Scene-Mapping A rea C orrelator ) A series of photographs are taken from surveillance aircraft and are put into a carousel in the missile. Another camera takes pictures out of the bottom of the missile. A computer compares the two images and attempts to line up areas of high contrast. This system is very slow and its role is being taken up by TERCOM.

19. DSMAC (Digital Scene-Mapping A rea C orrelator )

20. Satellite Navigation Using a satellite positioning system, such as GPS. Satellite navigation systems are precise and cheap. If the satellites are interfered ten, the satellite navigation system becomes inoperable.   The GPS-based navigation is useful in a conflict with a technologically unsophisticated adversary

21. Satellite Navigation

22. Advantages The big advantage of the cruise missile is its smallness and cost. The missile's small size and weight of less than 3000 pounds enables an aircraft to carry a great number of them Its small size also improved the weapon’s chances of penetration, especially when combined with its ability to fly along the contour of the earth The map matching system (TERCOM) is combined with an inertial navigational system in a system called TAINS. This not only gets the cruise to its target but also with an accuracy heretofore unheard(less than 100m)

23. Disadvantages The missiles aren't always accurate, they're expensive The lack of a human pilot means you can't re-use the thing, whereas you can get multiple missions out of a piloted aircraft. While they’re cheaper than ballistic missiles, they're more expensive than the gravity bombs you'd drop from a manned aircraft . Finally, their low and slow flight means they can be engaged by a much wider variety of systems, including MANPADS and SAMs, with consequently less chance of reaching target.

24. Limitations and Future Scope Currently cruise missiles are among the most expensive of single-use weapons, up to several million dollars apiece. However, they are cheaper than human pilots when total training and infrastructure costs are taken into account. C ruise missiles are much more difficult to detect and intercept than other aerial assets, making them particularly suited to attacks against static air defense systems.

25. BrahMos C ruise M issile On June 12/2001, the BrahMos cruise missile took off from its launched at Chandipur -on-a- Sea, Orissa, and reached a speed of up to mach 2, it becomes the first ever supersonic cruise missile that used liquid ram jet technology. The BrahMos missile   Travels at 2.8 to 3 times the speed of sound (mach2.8to3) Is three times faster than a subsonic cruise missile such as the Tomahawk of the U.S. Has 9 times the killing power because the killing power is proportional to the square of the velocity.

26. BrahMos C ruise M issile

27. Conclusion Cruise missiles form a major part of modern warfare and have spread extensively to all branches of the military. Their effective use in a modern conflict can change the outcome of war without resorting to nuclear weapons. Improvements in cruise missile technology will see more intelligent, self-maneuvering and hypersonic missiles flood the world market. But whatever happens, cruise missiles will remain one of the most reliable weapons for the foreseeable future.

28. Refrences Cruise Missiles: Technology, Strategy, Politics - Book by Richard K. Betts www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles www.foreignaffairs.com/.../ cruise-missiles-technology-strategy-politics www.ausairpower.net/DT-CM-Guidance www.howstuffworks.com www.aerospaceweb.org/.../ missiles

29. Thank you! I’ll take your questions now.