CURRENT SCENARIO OF POULTRY PRODUCTION IN INDIA

 CURRENT SCENARIO OF POULTRY PRODUCTION IN INDIA
POULTRY SCIENCE

1.   CURRENT SCENARIO OF POULTRY PRODUCTION IN INDIA TATHAGAT KHOBRAGADE MVSC (ANN)

2. INTRODUCTION   What Is Poultry?   Poultry refers to all those species of birds which are reared or domesticated for economic benefit and they should be able to reproduce freely under captivity. The term " Poultry " indicates all domesticated species of birds like Chicken, Ducks, Turkeys, Japanese Quail, Guinea Fowls, Geese, Pigeons, Ostrich, Emu etc., Poultry are domesticated avian species that can be raised for Eggs, Meat and/or feathers.

3. Did you know?   In 2020, Chickens accounted for some 94 percent of the world’s poultry population, followed by Ducks (3 percent), and Turkeys (1 Percent). Chickens contribute 90 percent of world poultry Meat Production , followed by Turkeys with 5 percent , Ducks with 4 percent . The rest comes from other poultry species. Chickens provide 93 percent of world Egg Production . (FAO 2020).

4.   India has 1.41 Billion people and the number is growing every year. It’s a 4.105 Trillion-Dollar E conomy . The India poultry market size reached INR 2,099.2 Billion in 2023. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach INR 4,620.7 Billion by 2032 , exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 8.9% during 2024-2032. Poultry Industries in India:

5. Development Of High Yielding Layer (310-340 Eggs) And Broiler (2.4 - 2.6 kg at 6 wks.) The Annual Per Capita Availability Also Increased to 101 Eggs per annum (BAHS 2023) and 3.2 Kg of Meat , consistently with increase in productivity . The expanding population across the country , increasing demand for poultry products, changing consumer dietary preferences, rising disposable incomes, and rapid growth in the food service sector are among the key factors driving the market growth.

6. Poultry Birds Population In 2012 (Million) Population In 2019 (Million) % Population Increase Total Poultry 729.21 851.81 16.81 Backyard Poultry 217.9 317.07 45.78 Commercial Poultry 511.72 534.74 4.50 Changes in Poultry Population in India (20 th Livestock Census)

7. Current Scenario in India India ranks 3rd in Egg Production and 6 th in chicken Meat Production in the world. The Poultry Industry is contributing about 1,44,000 crores to the National GDP and providing employment to more than 4 Million people either directly or indirectly. The State of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Tamil Nadu lead the country followed by Maharashtra, Punjab and West Bengal . Poultry Meat is presently accounting for about 51.14% of the total Meat consumed and is the most popular Meat from any single livestock species.  

8. Chicken dominates the poultry Production in India with nearly 95% of the total Egg Production and the rest is contributed by Ducks and others (DADF, 2014). Majority of Ducks are found in certain states on the eastern and southern coast like West Bengal, Assam, Orissa, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu etc. India is the home for many Breeds of Native Chicken like Aseel, Kadak Nath, Haringhata Black, Nicobari etc.

9.   Layer Industry (Eggs)   The total Egg Production in the country is 138.38 Billion numbers during 2022-23. The Egg Production has increased by 6.77% as compared to previous year (2021-22). The Per-capita Availability of Egg is 101 Eggs per annum in 2022-23, a six-point jump from 95 Eggs per annum in 2021-22. India ranks 3rd in the world in terms of total Egg Production. (Source: FAO)

10. The Total Egg Production from commercial poultry is 118.16 Billion numbers and backyard poultry are 20.20 Billion numbers contributing 85.40% and 14.60% of Total Production of Egg respectively. (BAHS 2023). Top 5 Egg producing States are Andhra Pradesh (20.13%), Tamil Nadu (15.58%),Telangana (12.77%), West Bengal (9.93%) and Karnataka (6.51%) . This States Together Contribute 64.93% of Total Egg Production in the Country.  

11. Broiler Industry The growth in India poultry industry is being driven by the rising disposable incomes and change in food habits. According to the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying annual report (2022-23), poultry Production in India has taken a quantum leap in the last few decades. The Total Meat Production in the country is 9.77 Million T onnes during 2022-23, where 51.14% contributed by Poultry Meat. The Broiler Meat Production in the country around 5 Million tonnes annually . (BAHS 2023) India rank 6 th in Poultry Meat Production in world.

12. The Top Five Poultry Meat Producing States in 2022-23 are West Bengal, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and Uttar Pradesh. They contribute around 50% of total poultry Meat Production in the country. The Broiler Meat Production is currently witnessing an Annual Growth of 4.52% . (BAHS 2023). The share of Commercial Broiler Birds In Total Meat Production is Around 80-85%. Rest of the 15-20% of the poultry Meat Production is contributed by Backyard Poultry . The North-eastern states contribute majorly toward Meat Production through Backyard Poultry.

13. As per livestock census 2019, the Duck Population of India is 33.5 Million of the total poultry population. Duck contributes 1.15% of total Egg Production, around 1.2 Billion Eggs. The top 5 states with respect to Duck population in India are West Bengal (37.87%), Assam (35.95%), Kerala (5.30%), Manipur (5.13%), Jharkhand (5.09%). In India, the population of Ducks in Rural areas (95.98%) are more than the Urban areas (4.02%). Duck Production

14.   Commercial Quail Farming in India can be a great source of handsome income and employment opportunity. Along with economic importance quail farming is also very pleasuring and entertaining. Quails are very small sized poultry bird and their rearing system is very easy and simple. Quails can adopt themselves with almost all types of climates and environment , And Indian climate is very suitable for raising quails commercially.     Quail Production

15. Quails are very suitable for commercial Production of both Meat and Eggs. The Total Japanese Quail Population In India Stood Around 6.18 Million. A Japanese quail can lay up to 250 Eggs per year . Egg weighs around 10 gm. At Six weeks Male Quail can weight up to 125-150 grams.