CVA OR STROKE .

Presented by
Ms M.Jyothi
2nd year B.sc Nursing
BBC College of Nursing
Gangavathi.

1. PRESENTED BY; SUPERVISED BY; Ms.M Jyothi Mr. George. D.Honalli MSC nursing 2 nd year bsc nursing HOD. Dept of Medical surgical nursing BBC college of nursing BBC college of nursing Gangavathi. Gangavathi.

2. INTRODUCTION Cerebrovascular accident is also called as stroke or brain attack Cerebro means related to brain or cerebrum, vascular means blood vessels, and accident means unexpected event.

3. DEFINITION : The sudden death of some brain cells due to lack of oxygen when the blood flow to the brain is impaired by blockage or rupture of an artery to the brain

4. CAUSES : Transient ischemic attack, Cerebral thrombus, Cerebral embolism, Cerebral hemorrhage.

5. RISK FACTORS: MODIFIBALE RISK FACTORS Hypertension Smoking Diabetes High cholesterol Obesity Physical inactivity Unhealthy diet Previous TIA Heart disease NON-MODIFIBALE RISK FACTORS Age Gender[men have higher risk] Family history Race

6. TYPES:

7. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

8. FRONTAL LOBE Weakness or paralysis on the opposite side of the body Difficulty with speech Problem with decision making & planning TEMPORAL LOBE Difficulty understanding spoken/written words Loss of memory Hearing changes Trouble recognizing objects / faces PARIETAL LOBE Loss of sensation Loss of co- ordination Balance problems OCCIPETAL LOBE Loss of vision Blurred vision Diplopia Problem with visual perception BRAIN STEM Problem with vital functions [HR, breathing, BP] Dysphagia Dysarthria CEREBELLUM Poor co-ordination Unsteady gait Tremors Fine motor issues

9. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION History collection Physical examination CT scan CT with Angiography Conventional angiograph Carotid doppler ultra sound ECG LABORATORY TESTS CBC Electrolyte levels Lipid levels Blood glucose level Coagulation studies

10. MANAGEMENT GOAL – restore the blood flow to the brain MEDICAL MANAGEMENT THROMBOLYTICS - Recombinant Tissue plasminogen activator ANTICOAGULANT - Heparin warfarin ANTIPLATELETS - Aspirin Clopidogrel

11. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT Carotid endarterectomy : it involves making an incision in the neck to remove plaque from the carotid artery. Carotid artery stenting : procedure that open clogged artery to restore blood flow to the brain. Craniotomy : Removing part of the skull to relieve pressure or remove blood clots.

12. NURSING DIAGNOSIS Ineffective tissue perfusion related to Hemorrhage as evidenced by changes in vital signs Impaired physical mobility related neuromuscular involvement as evidenced by limited range of motion Impaired verbal communication related impaired cerebral circulation as evidenced by dysartia.

13. THANK YOU