Dairy products

1. Dairy & Milk Products What are DAIRY PRODUCTS ?   Dairy products are commodities which have been produced by primary processing or secondary processing of milk.   All mammals produce milk which contains the correct balance of nutrients with which to feed their young. This milk can also be produced and used commercially; for example sheep, goat and cows milk .

2. MAIN DAIRY FOODS YOGHURT MILK ICE CREAM CREAM CHEESE FROMAGE FRAIS

3. Milk Most milk in the UK comes from Friesian cows and has been heat treated – pasteurised, sterilised or ultra heat-treated. This has a negligible effect on its nutritional value but increases its shelf life and destroys undesirable bacteria.   There is now a wider range of fresh milks available from your milkman. Milks can be classed according to their fat content and heat treatment they receive at the dairy. TYPES OF MILK Pasteurised Semi-skimmed Skimmed

4. Milk Other types of milk Flavoured Milk – usually UHT MILK, either semi-skimmed or skimmed.   Dried Skimmed Milk, Evaporated Milk, Condensed Milk- full cream or skimmed UHT Milk – this milk owes its long life to ultra high temperature 132*c for one second followed by packaging.

5. Specialist Dairy Products Sheep Products available are sheep milk,ice-cream, cheese and yoghurt Sheep's mil k is nutritious and delicious. The mil k has a rich, bland, slightly sweet taste. It has twice as many minerals as cow’s or goats milk. British sheep dairying is becoming more popular due the fact that people with allergies find these are better for them than Cow’s products.

6. Specialist Products Goat Products than come from goat’s are becoming more popular due to lesser fat and the products are more digestible. Many people who are unable to have cows milk can often drink goat’s Milk. Goat’s cheese is well liked and considered a delicacy. Products available are goats Milk, Cream, cheese, butter and yoghurt

7. Nutritional Value of milk Milk is a valuable source of calcium, riboflavin and protein to our diet. For vegetarians it can be a valuable source of vitamin A & B12. However they should not rely on sterilized of UHTmilks for vitamin B12 as they don’t contain as much as pasteurised milk. Why do we need calcium? A calcium rich diet is required to help build strong bones in babies, growing children and pregnant women. For the rest of us it keeps our bones strong and helps delay symptoms of a disease, known as Osteoporosis, which is becoming more common.

8. Cheese Cheese is made from cows, ewes or goats milk and it takes approximately 5 litres of milk to produce ½ kg of cheese. Types of cheeses There are four main types of cheese with numerous varieties of each.   Hard cheese 2. Semi-hard cheese 3. Soft or Cream cheese 4. Blue-vein cheese Food value Cheese is a highly concentrated form of food. Fat, protein, mineral salts and vitamins are all present. Therefore it is an excellent bodybuilding, energy-producing, protective food.

9. British Cheeses Sage Derby Lancashire Red Windsor Caerphilly Pale honey colour Moist and firm Flavoured with sage A soft white Crumbly Cheese. Mild and creamy Cheddar marbled with Elderberry wine or port Smooth whitish Cheese, semi-hard Moist with a close Texture Mild salty taste

10. British Cheshire Double Gloucester Wensleydale Leicester Available in red white or blue Loose crumbly Texture. Flavour hint of Salt and slight Tang. A golden coloured Cheese, smooth and a full mellow taste With a creamy feel On the tongue A fairly close texture A bit crumbly. A blue variety is available but is rare. Mild, slight sweet flavour A rich russet red Cheese. Smooth and rich flavour with a nutty flavour

11. Cheeses Blue Cheshire Cheddar Stilton Cream cheese Blue Cheshire has A flavour quite Distinct from stilton Red and white Varieties. Close texture Mild or mature Creamy yellow Available in white Or blue. A soft, moist Texture with blue Veins from the Centre. Rich cream flavour Curd Cheese Cottage cheese

12. EUROPEAN CHEESE FRENCH Brie / Camembert Italy Parmesan Mozzerella

13. European European Edam – Holland Gruyere -Switzerland Emmenthal – Switzerland Danish Blue-Denmark Roquefort – French Gouda – Holland Feta – Greek

14. Other Dairy Foods BUTTER Butter is a natural product made from cow’s milk. Like hard and soft margarine’s and spreads, butter contains 81 % fat, so all have the same number of calories.   No preservatives or colourings are added although salt may be added for extra flavour.   Butter is made simply by churning fresh cream.

15. Yogurt Yogurt is a cultured product made from whole or skimmed milk. To improve the flavour and texture, skimmed milk solids or cream may also be added. “ Live “ yogurt – regardless of whether labeled “live” or not, all yogurt contains living bacteria unless it has been pasteurised after manufacture.   Varieties of yogurt Low fat yogurt –contains maximum 1.5 % milk fat Whole milk yogurt- contains fat as in whole milk Whole or real fruit yogurt – contains whole fruit in sugar syrup Fruit flavoured yogurt- contains fruit juices or syrup

16. Cream There are many different types of cream available Whipping Double Single Butterfat 35 % Thinner than Double Used for desserts Butterfat 48 % Rich and thick Butterfat 18 % Used in sauces Poured over puddings Clotted cream Fat content 55 % Very thick, cream In colour and rich

17. ICE CREAM Ice cream is one the most popular comfort foods available It first appeared in Britain in the eighteenth century and treat strictly reserved for the rich. It can be available from cow’s and sheep’s milk in today’s society. A vast range of varieties are now available such as choc chip, vanilla, Strawberry, Raspberry ripple to pistachio , butterscotch and mint as examples.