Data communication

Data communications (DC) is the process of using computing and communication technologies to transfer data from one place to another, and vice versa. It enables the movement of electronic or digital data between two or more nodes, regardless of geographical location, technological medium or data contents.
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1. DATA COMMUNICATION

2. Data Communication The transfer of data or information from one location to another is called data communication or data transmission. elements of data communication system Transmitter or sender or source Receiver or sink or destination Medium Message

3. Transmitter The computer or device that is used for sending the data from one location to other is called transmitter. In electronic data communication, computer is usually used as transmitter. Receiver The computer or device that receives the data is called receiver. It is also known as ‘sink’. The receiver can be a computer, printer or a fax machine . Elements of Data Communication

4. Elements of Data Communication Medium The path or link through which data is transferred from sender to receiver is called medium. Message The data or information which is sent from sender to receiver is called message”. It is the main element of data communication system, due to which data communication occur.

5. The path or link through which data is transferred from sender to receiver is called medium”. There are two main categories of data communication media. Guided Media Unguided Media Communication Media

6. Guided Media   Guided media are the physical links through which signals are transferred. These are also called bounded media. These include various types of cables. The type of cable chosen for a network depends upon the network’s topology, size and speed. Commonly used guided media include coaxial cables, wire pairs and fiber-optic cables. Communication Media

7. Unguided Media   Unguided media are the logical links through which signals are transferred. These are the natural parts of environment that can be used to transfer signals in the form of waves. The atmosphere and space are examples of unguided media. Commonly used methods of transmission through unguided media are microwave and satellite transmission. Communication Media

8. The manner in which data is transmitted from one location to another is called data transmission mode. There are three different modes for transmitting data from one location to another. Simplex Mode Half Duplex Mode Full Duplex Mode Data communication modes

9. Simplex mode   In simplex mode, data is transmitted in only on direction. A terminal can only send data and cannot receive data or it can only receive data but cannot send it. In this mode, the flow of information is uni -directional. It is not possible to confirm successful transmission of data. So it is rarely used for data communication. Data Communication Modes Sender Receiver

10. Use: This mode is normally used for Remote control devices in which one device can only send data and other can only receive data. TV remote control is an example of Simplex mode. Data Communication Modes

11. Half-Duplex mode   In half-duplex mode, data can be transmitted in both directions, but only in one direction at a time. Therefore data can be sent and received alternatively. Its disadvantage is that a lot of time is wasted in changing direction of flow of data. So, the transmission rate for this mode is slow. Data Communication Modes Sender/Receiver Receiver/Sender

12.   Use: It is possible to confirm the transmission of data in this mode. So this is normally used in wireless communication system. Data Communication Modes

13. Full-Duplex mode   In full-duplex mode, data can be transmitted in both directions at the same time. In this mode, no time is wasted in changing direction of flow of data like Half-duplex mode. Therefore it is the fastest and most efficient mode. Data Communication Modes Sender/Receiver Receiver/Sender

14.   Use: Telephone communication is an example of full-duplex mode. Mobile phone communication is an example of full duplex mode. Data Communication Modes