Database and Database Users_Dr.Balamurugan M.pdf

Data
Database
DBMS
Applications of DBMS
Database Users
Actors on the Scene
Workers behind the Scene

1. By Dr. Balamurugan M
DATABASE AND
DATABASE USERS
ACHARYA INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE
STUDIES

2. Contents
•What is Data?
•What is Database?
•Database Users
•Actors on the scene
•Database Administrator
•Database designers
•End Users
•System Analyst &
Application Programmers
•Workers behind the Scene

3. WHAT IS DATA
•Dataisacollectionofknownfacts,figuresor
statisticsthatcanbestored.
•Datacanbetext,numbers,audio,videoorany
combination ofthese.Itisrawand
unprocessed.
•Databecomes informationwhenitis
processed,turningitintosomething
meaningful.

4. WHATISDATABASE
•A database is a collection of related data
•It is used to retrieve, insert and delete the data efficiently.
•It is also used to organize the data in the form of a table, schema,
views, and reports, etc.
•A database system is designed to be built and populated with
data for a certain task.
•Examples: A Personal Telephone directory, College Staff register,
Student database etc.,

5. WHATISDBMS
•DBMS stands for
Database Management System.
•DBMS = Database + Management System.
•Database is a collection of data and Management System is a set of
programs to store and retrieve those data.
•DBMS is a collection of inter-related data and set of programs to
store & access those data in an easy and effective manner.

6. NEED OF DBMS
HANDLING
LARGE VOLUME
OF DATA
STORAGE
FAST RETRIEVAL
According to the
principles of
database systems,
the data is stored
in such a way that
it acquires lot less
space as the
redundant data
(duplicate data)
has been removed
before storage.
Along with storing
the data in an
optimized and
systematic
manner, it is also
important that we
retrieve the data
quickly when
needed. Database
systems ensure
that the data is
retrieved as quickly
as possible.
Database systems
are basically
developed for large
amount of data.

7. ApplicationsofDBMS

9. •DatabaseUsersaretheoneswhoreallyuseand
takethebenefitsofaDatabase.
•Therewillbedifferenttypesofusersdepending
ontheirneedandwayofaccessingtheDatabase.
•TheycanbecategorizedInto:
1.ActorsonTheScene
2.WorkersBehindTheScene

10. ACTORS ON THE SCENE
•Thepersonswhosejobsinvolvethe
daytodayuseofthelargedatabase
arecalledactorsonthescene.
Examples:
•DBA,Databasedesigners,Endusers,
systemanalystsandApplication
Programmers
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11. DATABASEADMINISTRATOR
Database administrator (DBA) are responsible for:
•Authorizing access to the database
•Coordinating and monitoring its use
•Acquiring software and hardware resources
•Tuning the DBMS for best performance
•Installing and upgrading the DBMS Servers
•Design and implementation
•Migrate database servers
•Backup and Recovery

12. DATABASEDESIGNERS
Databasedesignerresponsiblefor:
•Identifyingthedatatobestored
•Choosingappropriatestructurestorepresentandstorethisdata
•Studytherequirementsofthevarioususerstocomeupwiththedesignthat
meetstherequirements.
•Talktotheperspectiveusers&developtheviewfordifferentusersmeet
theirprocessingrequirements

13. ENDUSERS
Endusersarethepeoplewhoaccessthedatabaseforquerying,
updatingandgeneratingreports.Therearedifferentcategories
ofEndusers.Theyare:
1. Naive or parametric end users
2. Casual end users
3. Sophisticated end users
4.Standaloneusers

14. NAIVE OR PARAMETRIC END USERS
•Mostnumberofdatabaseendusersisthenaïveorparametricendusers.They
constantlymakeuseofthedatabase,queryingandupdatingthedatabase.
Theyutilizethestandardtypesofqueriesandupdatescalledcanned
transactions,whicharecarefullyprogrammedandtested.
•NaiveusersneednotknowmuchaboutthefacilitiesprovidedbytheDBMS.
Theyonlyhavetounderstandtheuserinterfaceofthestandardtransactions
designedandimplementedfortheiruse.
•Example:Banktellers,ReservationclerksforAirline,Railwaysandhotels

15. CASUALENDUSERS
•Theyoccasionallyaccessthedatabasebuttheymayneed
differentinformationeachtimefromthedatabase.
•Theyuseasophisticateddatabasequerylanguagetospecifytheir
requests&aretypicallymiddleofhighlevelmanagersoroccasional
browsers.
•Theyneedtoknowonlyfewfacilities,whichtheyareconcernedwith
andmaybeusedrepeatedly.

16. SOPHISTICATEDENDUSERS
•Theyincludeengineers,scientists,businessanalyst,whothoroughly
familiarizewiththefacilitiesofDBMStomeettheirrequirements.
•TheylearnmostoftheDBMSfacilitiesinordertoachievetheircomplex
requirements.
STAND-ALONEUSERS
•They maintain personal databases by using readymade packages. These
packages provide easy to use menu based or graphics based interfaces.
•For example,users of tax packages, financial packages, etc.,

17. SystemanalystsandApplicationProgrammersgenerallyreferredtoas
SoftwareEngineers.
•Systemanalystisresponsibleforthedesign,structureandpropertiesof
database.Alltherequirementsoftheendusersarehandledbysystem
analyst.
•Feasibility,economicandtechnicalaspectsofDBMSisthemainconcernof
systemanalyst.
•TheystudytherequirementsofEndusersspeciallyhavingusersandmake
thespecificationsforcannedtransactions.
SYSTEM ANALYST

18. APPLICATIONPROGRAMMERS
•Implementcomplexspecifications(businesslogic)as
programs
•Theyarethedeveloperswhointeractwiththedatabase
bymeansofDMLqueries.
•TheseDMLqueriesarewrittenintheapplication
programslikeC,C++,JAVA,Pascaletc.

19. WORKERS BEHIND THE SCENE
•Thepersonswhoworktomaintainthe
database environment butarenot
activelyinvolvedinthedatabaseitself
Examples:
•DBMS system designers and
Implementers, Tooldevelopersand
OperatorsandMaintenancepersonnel
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20. DBMS DESIGNERS AND
IMPLEMENTERS
•ThepersonswhodesignandimplementtheDBMSsoftware
package.
•TheDBMSsoftwareconsistsofmanycomplexmoduleslike
modulesforimplementingthecatalog,processingquery
language,processingtheinterface,accessingandbuffering
data,controllingconcurrencyandhandlingthedatarecovery
andsecurity.

21. TOOL DEVELOPERS
•Toolsaresoftwarepackagesthatfacilitatedatabasesystem
designandusageandhelpinimprovingperformance.
•Toolsincludepackagesfordatabasedesign,performance
monitoring,graphicalinterfaces,simulation,andtestdata
generation.
•Toolsareoptionalpackagesandareoftenavailableseparately.
•Tooldevelopersarethepersonswhodesignandimplement
suchtools.

22. OPERATORS AND
MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL
•Theyarethesystemadministrationpersonnelwhoare
responsiblefortheactualrunningandmaintenanceofthe
hardwareandsoftwareenvironmentforthedatabase
design.

23. THANK YOU!