DE-VERA-PROPOSAL-HEARING-FINAL PRESENTATION.pptx

PROPOSAL HEARING

1. PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH PROPOSAL HEARING

2. “ INTERNALIZED HOMOPHOBIA AND SELF-ESTEEM AMONG OF LESBIAN, GAY, AND BISEXUAL INDIVIDUALS OF TAGBILARAN CITY ”

3. AUTHORS: MILLOMEDA, JANNELLE E. PALER, LUCY B. LEPARTO, IRISH B. LARGO, GABRIEL ANGELO P. DE VERA, ANSHERINA LENN A. LABOR, NICEL S. JURADA, LADYLYN B.

4. CONTENT ADVISER: TECHNICAL ADVISER: STATISTICIAN: ADVISERS : Maria Jannettes B. Renegado LPT , MAT-Fil Catherene B. Perin Ma-Psych Engr. Vianne M. Alcala

5. CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE INTRODUCTION

6. RATIONALE Internalized homophobia and oppression affect gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people and heterosexuals who have learned and been taught that heterosexuality is the standard and "right way to be." Hearing and seeing negative portrayals of LGB people can cause to internalize (or absorb) these messages. These internalized negative attitudes in return may change your sense of personal worth and positive view of your sexual orientation. They may deny their sexual orientation to themselves or others. They may also attempt to alter or change their sexual orientation. Your mental health depends on a general feeling of personal worth as well as a positive perception of your sexual orientation. Self-esteem, then, is a key aspect in success, relationships, and happiness, as well as in leading a fulfilling life. It gives us confidence in our abilities and the determination to put them into action, allowing us to achieve contentment as we navigate life with an optimistic view.

7. Each individual has to find his own importance in life and if it that is blocked or stopped completely, it alters his self-esteem (Macionis, 2010). There could be several studies about self-esteem, but there are only limited studies with internalized homophobia on lesbian, gay and bisexual individuals. The essence of this study is to inform and to enlighten people about internalized homophobia and its distinction since this particular phenomenon have not been well understood in the society.

8. LITERATURE BACKGROUND Shidlo’s Internalized Homonegativity (1994) defined internalized homonegativity as the set of ‘‘negative attitudes and affects toward homosexuality in other persons and toward homosexual features in oneself’’ (p. 178). Allport's Theory of Traits as a result of victimization (1954) He claims that as a result of the prejudice they face, stigmatized people have defensive reflexes. early in their developmental histories. It could be extroverted or introverted mechanisms. Rosenberg’s Theory of Self-esteem (1965) , self-esteem refers most generally to an individual's positive and negative attitude toward his own and his evaluation of his own thoughts and feelings overall in relation to himself. Sociometer theory proposed by Mark Leary and Roy Baumeister (2000) , people are inherently social animals and their desire for self-esteem is driven by this more primitive need to connect with others and gain their approval. In this way, the sense of self-esteem serves as a “sociometer", a rough indicator of how people are doing in the eyes of others.

9. Republic Act 9710 or known as The Magna Carta of Women In Section 3 , it states that human rights are universal and inalienable. No one shall be discriminated against because of their ethnicity, gender, age, language, sexual orientation, race, color, religion, political or other opinions, national, social, or geographic origin, disability, property, birth, or other status, as defined by human rights norms. In Section 11, to fully realize their role as agents and beneficiaries of development, the State shall take temporary special measures to accelerate women's participation and equitable representation in all spheres of society, particularly in decision-making and policy-making processes in government and private entities. Lastly in Section 12 , the state shall ensure that gender stereotypes and images in educational materials and curricula are adequately and appropriately revised.

10. THE PROBLEM

11. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Specifically, the study sought to determine the following: Profile 1.1 Age 1.2 Gender What is the level of internalized homophobia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual individuals as perceived by Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual themselves?

12. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM What is the level of self-esteem of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual individuals as perceived by Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual themselves? What is the relationship between Internalized Homophobia towards the self-esteem of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual individuals of Tagbilaran City? What action plan can be proposed based on the results of the study?

13. HYPOTHESIS There is no significant relationship between Self-esteem and Internalized Homophobia among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual individuals of Tagbilaran City.

14. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY •Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Individuals •Heterosexuals •Parents •LGB Community • City Administrators • Legislators •Society •Future Researchers

15. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

16. DESIGN ENVIRONMENT AND PARTICIPANTS The researchers prefer to use a correlational research method and plan to utilize a questionnaire to assess the relationship between the level of internalized homophobia and LGB's self-esteem. The study will be conducted within Tagbilaran City consisting of 15 baranggays. The researchers will utilize snowball sampling through referral in selecting the participants. Respondents are Lesbians, Gays, and Bisexuals aging from 15 up to 24 years old.

17. PROCEDURE The researchers will obtain a written permission from the Campus Director of Bohol Island State University – Main Campus through the Dean of College of Business, Arts and Sciences to conduct the study outside the campus. The researchers will also obtain permission from the authors of the standardized questionnaires to be used as questionnaires in the study . The questionnaires will be given to individuals who identified themselves as Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual in Tagbilaran City through referral. Researchers will collect the questionnaires afterwards. Then, the data will be tabulated, analyzed, and interpreted.

18. INSTRUMENTS The instrument that will be used is composed of two sets of questionnaires. To determine the level of self-esteem, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale will be used. The questionnaire measures self-esteem in a four-point Likert scale and consists of ten statements related to overall feelings of self-worth or self-acceptance. To determine the level of internalized homophobia, Internalized Homonegativity Inventory by Wayne Mayfield will be used. It a six-point Likert scale that consists of twenty-three statements to measure internalized negative attitudes towards homosexuality that gay men have.

19. STATISTICAL TREATMENT 1. To determine the level of internalized homophobia and self-esteem among lesbians, gays, and bisexuals, the average weighted mean formula will be used. The researchers will use the following scale to measure the level of internalized homophobia as perceived by lesbians, homosexuals, and bisexuals themselves when interpreting the data. Weight Scale Range Interpretation 6 Strongly Agree 5.17-6 Very High Internalized Homophobia 5 Moderately Agree 4.33-5.16 High Internalized Homophobia 4 Slightly Agree 3.49-4.32 Moderately Internalized Homophobia 3 Slightly Disagree 2.67-3.50 Low Internalized Homophobia 2 Moderately Disagree 1.83-2.66 Low Internalized Homophobia 1 Strongly Disagree 1.00-1.82 Very Low Internalized Homophobia

20. Weight Scale Range Interpretation 4 Strongly Agree 3.26-4 Very High Self-esteem 3 Agree 2.51-3.25 High Self-esteem 2 Disagree 1.76-2.50 Low Self-esteem 1 Strongly Disagree 1.00-1.75 Very Low Self-esteem The researchers will use the following scale to measure the level of self-esteem as perceived both by lesbians, homosexuals, and bisexuals themselves when interpreting the data.

21. 2. To find the correlation between profile and level of internalized homophobia; profile and level of self-esteem, the Chi-square of Independence will be used. 3. To determine the relationship between internalized homophobia and self-esteem among lesbians, gays, and bisexuals, the researchers will use the Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation (r).

22. DEFINITION OF TERMS Homophobia . It refers to various negative attitude towards homosexual individuals. Bisexual . Someone who can be attracted to more than one gender. Gay . A male/man who is attracted to the same gender. Internalized Homonegativity Inventory . It refers to a six-point Likert scale that will be given to the LGB individuals to determine their level of internalized homophobia. Internalized Homophobia . It refers to the LGB's feelings when the community take biases, stigmas and perceptions, hatred and prejudices towards gay folks and turn these biases back on themselves believing they are true. Lesbian . A woman/female who is attracted to the same sex. Self-esteem . Refers to how a person’s overall sense of his or her value or worth. It could be either high or low.

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