Deciduous rainforest report (Environmental Science)

1. GROUP 1 (7-COPERNICUS)
GROUP MEMBERS:
-Julienne Mae V. Potonia
-Elisha A. Vinarao
-Shama I. Cabbuag
-Yvonne Kate H. Blanca
-Ken Reinier L. Villanueva
-Arthur David F. Del Rosario

2. DECIDUOUS RAIN FORESTDECIDUOUS RAIN FOREST
General InformationGeneral Information
Specific DescriptionSpecific Description
a) Climatea) Climate
b) Temperatureb) Temperature
c) Soilc) Soil
d) Rainfalld) Rainfall
e) Animal, Plantse) Animal, Plants
f) Examplef) Example

3. GENERAL INFORMATION
Deciduous rainforest is a type of forest characterized by
trees that seasonally shed their leaves
Deciduous forests can be found in the eastern half of
North America, and the middle of Europe. There are
many deciduous forests in Asia. Some of the major
areas that they are in are southwest Russia, Japan, and
eastern China. South America has two big areas of
deciduous forests in southern Chile and Middle East
coast of Paraguay. There are deciduous forests located
in New Zealand, and southeastern Australia also.
Deciduous forests are located primarily in the eastern
half of the United States, Canada, Europe, parts of
Russia, China, and Japan.
The deciduous forest has four distinct seasons, spring,
summer, autumn, and winter. In the autumn the leaves
change color. During the winter months the trees lose
their leaves.

4. GENERAL INFORMATION
There are five different zones:
1.) The Tree Stratum zone contains such trees as oak,
beech, maple, chestnut hickory, elm, basswood, linden,
walnut, and sweet gum trees. This zone has height ranges
between 60 feet and 100 feet.
2.) The small tree and sapling zone is the second zone. This
zone has young, and short trees.
3.) The third zone is called the shrub zone. Some of the
shrubs in this zone are rhododendrons, azaleas, mountain
laurel, and huckleberries.
4.) The Herb zone is the fourth zone. It contains short plants
such as herbal plants.
5.) The final zone is the Ground zone. It contains lichen, club
mosses, and true mosses.

5. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION A
Climate ~ The latitude range is anywhere from
23° north to 38° south. Climate is a mix of
temperature and precipitation. Deciduous
forests have almost 14 inches of rain in the
winter months and more than 18 inches of rain
in the summer.

6. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION BSPECIFIC DESCRIPTION B
Temperature ~ -30°C to 30°C, yearly Temperature ~ -30°C to 30°C, yearly
average is 10°Caverage is 10°C

7. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION CSPECIFIC DESCRIPTION C

Soil ~ The soils found in deciduous forests Soil ~ The soils found in deciduous forests
are some of the most fertile in the world. are some of the most fertile in the world.
Like grassland soils, these soils have been Like grassland soils, these soils have been
exposed to thousands of years of dense exposed to thousands of years of dense
plant life. The decayed material from living plant life. The decayed material from living
things accumulates in deciduous forests things accumulates in deciduous forests
soils to make them more suitable for soils to make them more suitable for
sustaining plant and animal life. sustaining plant and animal life.

8. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION CSPECIFIC DESCRIPTION C

Types of Soils:Types of Soils:
••Alfisols ~ One of the most abundant types of soil Alfisols ~ One of the most abundant types of soil
in temperate deciduous forests is alfisol. Also in temperate deciduous forests is alfisol. Also
known as brown forest soils, alfisols have two known as brown forest soils, alfisols have two
distinct layers: a top layer, consisting primarily of distinct layers: a top layer, consisting primarily of
dead leaves, and a subsoil, which has a high dead leaves, and a subsoil, which has a high
content of clay. Alfisols derive their dark-brown content of clay. Alfisols derive their dark-brown
color from humus, which is decayed leaves and color from humus, which is decayed leaves and
other organic matter. In comparison to the alfisols other organic matter. In comparison to the alfisols
that are present in coniferous forests, alfisols in that are present in coniferous forests, alfisols in
deciduous forests are less acidic and contain less deciduous forests are less acidic and contain less
iron and aluminumiron and aluminum

9. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION CSPECIFIC DESCRIPTION C
••Utisols ~ While alfisols are common to the Utisols ~ While alfisols are common to the
temperate deciduous forests of the northeastern temperate deciduous forests of the northeastern
United States, ultisols are common to the temperate United States, ultisols are common to the temperate
deciduous forests of the southeastern United deciduous forests of the southeastern United
States. As Radford University notes, these clay-rich States. As Radford University notes, these clay-rich
soils are much older than their alfisol counterparts soils are much older than their alfisol counterparts
and have undergone much higher levels of and have undergone much higher levels of
weathering and leaching. For this reason, ultisols weathering and leaching. For this reason, ultisols
provide poor aeration and lack nutrients. While provide poor aeration and lack nutrients. While
primarily brown in color, ultisols often contain primarily brown in color, ultisols often contain
streaks of red or yellow.streaks of red or yellow.

10. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION CSPECIFIC DESCRIPTION C
••Rocky soils ~ Rocky soils are common to the Rocky soils ~ Rocky soils are common to the
hillsides and rocky outcrops of temperate hillsides and rocky outcrops of temperate
deciduous forests. The abundance of deciduous forests. The abundance of
nonporous mineral particles in these soils nonporous mineral particles in these soils
makes them dry and infertile. In addition, the makes them dry and infertile. In addition, the
tendency of rocky soils to occur on slopes tendency of rocky soils to occur on slopes
results in water draining away rapidly. For results in water draining away rapidly. For
these reasons, only small deciduous trees, these reasons, only small deciduous trees,
like hickories, are able to grow in rocky soils. like hickories, are able to grow in rocky soils.
The specific types of rocks comprising the The specific types of rocks comprising the
soils can vary. However, when limestone is soils can vary. However, when limestone is
present, the soil's alkalinity is often elevated.present, the soil's alkalinity is often elevated.

11. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION CSPECIFIC DESCRIPTION C
••Sandy soils ~ Sandy soils occur most frequently in Sandy soils ~ Sandy soils occur most frequently in
temperate deciduous forests that stretch along temperate deciduous forests that stretch along
coastlines, such as the forests of Cape Cod, coastlines, such as the forests of Cape Cod,
Massachusetts and the Pine Barrens region of Massachusetts and the Pine Barrens region of
New Jersey. The soils consist of sand mixed with New Jersey. The soils consist of sand mixed with
small amounts of dirt and are very low in nutrients. small amounts of dirt and are very low in nutrients.
In addition, the soils are poor at retaining water. In addition, the soils are poor at retaining water.
Despite these drawbacks, some trees, particularly Despite these drawbacks, some trees, particularly
pitch pines, are able to thrive in them. However, in pitch pines, are able to thrive in them. However, in
most instances, the growth of these trees is most instances, the growth of these trees is
stunted and they take on scrubby appearances.stunted and they take on scrubby appearances.

12. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION D
•Rainfall ~ The average rainfall is 30
to 60 inches a year.

13. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION ESPECIFIC DESCRIPTION E

Animals ~ A wide variety of mammals, Animals ~ A wide variety of mammals,
birds, insects, and reptiles can be found birds, insects, and reptiles can be found
in a deciduous forest biome. Mammals in a deciduous forest biome. Mammals
that are commonly found in a deciduous that are commonly found in a deciduous
forest include bears, raccoons, squirrels, forest include bears, raccoons, squirrels,
skunks, wood mice, and, in the U.S., skunks, wood mice, and, in the U.S.,
deer can be found in these forests. While deer can be found in these forests. While
bobcats, mountain lions, timberwolves, bobcats, mountain lions, timberwolves,
and coyotes are natural residents of and coyotes are natural residents of
these foreststhese forests

14. AnimalsAnimals

15. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION ESPECIFIC DESCRIPTION E

Trees of this biome include both Trees of this biome include both
broadleaf, deciduous trees, such as broadleaf, deciduous trees, such as
maple, oak, hickory, and beech, and maple, oak, hickory, and beech, and
evergreens, such as hemlock, evergreens, such as hemlock,
spruce, and fir. A deciduous forest spruce, and fir. A deciduous forest
typically has three to four, and typically has three to four, and
sometimes five, layers of plant sometimes five, layers of plant
growth. growth.

16. PlantsPlants

17. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION F
Example

18. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION F
Example

19. Take the quiz ☺
It is a mix of temperature and
precipitation
>Climate
It is a type of forest characterized by
trees that seasonally shed their
leaves
>Deciduous Rainforest
Also known as brown forest soils
>Alfisols

20. Take the quiz ☺
It is a zone that contains lichen, club
mosses and true mosses
>The Ground zone
What is the yearly average
temperature in a desiduous rainforest?
>10°C
What is the average rainfall (in inches)
a year?
>30-60 inches

21. Take the quiz ☺
Give atleast 4 types of soil in a
desiduous rainforest
>Alfisols
>Utisols
>Rocky Soils
>Sandy Soils

22. End of Presentation of
Group 1
☺