Definition of Fluid Power.pptx

These slides includes definition of Fluid. Fluid Power, difference between hydraulic and Pneumatics, Advantages of Fluid Power and application of Fluid Power

1. 1 WELCOME to FLUID POWER

2. Objectives Definition of Fluid Definition of Fluid Power Difference between Pneumatic and Hydraulic Advantages and Disadvantages of Fluid Power Application of Fluid Power HUSSAIN MOHAMED DIDI 2

3. Definition of Fluid 3 In physics, fluid - substance that continually deforms ( flows ) under an applied shear stress .

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5. Definition of Fluid 5 Fluids > subset of the phases of matter include liquids gases plasmas to some extent, plastic solids .

6. Definition of Fluid 6 Liquids A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a constant volume independent of pressure Examples of Liquids Water. Milk. Blood. Gasoline . Mercury (an element) Bromine (an element)

7. Definition of Fluid Gases Examples of Gases Hydrogen. Nitrogen. Oxygen. Carbon Dioxide. Carbon Monoxide. Water Vapor. Helium. Neon.

8. Definition of Fluid 8 Plasmas https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=94tReSbyPYc Examples of Plasma Gases in discharge tubes (fluorescent lamps and neon signs) Welding arcs. Lightning. Auroras. The upper atmosphere (the ionosphere) Stars and the Sun. the solar wind. Interstellar gas clouds .

9. Definition of Fluid 9 Plasma => https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=94tReSbyPYc Examples of Plasma Gases in discharge tubes (fluorescent lamps and neon signs)

10. Definition of Fluid 10 Examples of Plasma Welding arcs.

11. Definition of Fluid 11 Examples of Plasma Lightning .

12. Definition of Fluid 12 Examples of Plasma Auroras .

13. Definition of Fluid 13 Examples of Plasma Stars and the Sun

14. Definition of Fluid 14 to some extent, Plastic solids . https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Ffm2eOKgE4 Example of Plastic solids Polyvinyl chloride: PVC. Polypropylene: PP. Polystyrene: PS. Low-density polyethylene: LDPE

15. Definition of Fluid 15 to some extent, Plastic solids Polyvinyl chloride: PVC.

16. Definition of Fluid 16 Polypropylene : PP.

17. Definition of Fluid 17 Polystyrene: PS .

18. Definition of Fluid 18 Low-density polyethylene: LDPE

19. Types of Fluid Classified into 5 types Ideal fluid Real fluid Newtonian fluid Non-Newtonian fluid Ideal plastic fluid 19

20. Types of Fluid 1. Ideal fluid : Incompressible & no viscosity. Only a theoretical fluid. example: water, blood, clay … etc. 2. Real fluid : posses viscosity. All the fluids, in actual practice are real fluids. example : petrol, diesel … etc. 20

21. Types of Fluid 3. Newtonian fluid : obeys the law of Newton (shear stress is directly proportional to the rate of shear strain). - described the flow behavior of fluids with a simple linear relation between shear stress [ mPa ] and shear rate [1/s]. This relationship is now known as Newton's Law of Viscosity, where the proportionality constant η is the viscosity [ mPa -s ] of the fluid : Example: kerosene 21

22. Types of Fluid 4. Non-Newtonian fluid : shear stress is not directly proportional to the rate of shear strain . – viscosity/length known as 22

23. Types of Fluid 5 . Ideal plastic fluid : shear stress is more than the yield value and shear stress is proportional to the rate of shear strain 23

24. Types of Fluid 24

25. Definition of Fluid Power Fluid power is the technology that deals: generation , control , and transmission of power using pressurized fluids. 25

26. It can be said that fluid power is the muscles that moves industry. Fluid power is used to: push pull regulate , or drive virtually all the machines. Ex: Fluid power steers, & Breaks automobiles. Air planes Processing food 26 Definition of Fluid Power

27. Fluid Power is a type of power transmission that uses fluid, such as liquids or gases to transmit power from one location to another. This type of power transmission is used in a wide range of applications including hydraulic systems and other types of machinery. 27 Definition of Fluid Power

28. Hydraulic systems use liquids, such as oil or water to transmit power. These systems typically use pumps to pressurize the fluid , which is then used to power cylinders , motors , or other types of actuators. 28 Definition of Fluid Power

29. Hydraulic systems are commonly used in heavy machinery, such as construction equipment, as well as industrial applications, such as manufacturing and processing 29 Definition of Fluid Power

30. 30 Definition of Fluid Power

31. 31 FORCE Definition of Fluid Power

32. differences between Pneumatic & Hydraulic “fluid power” is called Pneumatic - fluid is gas Hydraulic - fluid is liquid . Pneumatic system use air as gas medium air is very abundant can exhausted to atmosphere after completing its assigned task. 32 Difference between Pneumatic and Hydraulic

33. Fluid power systems are designed specifically to perform work. work is accomplished by pressurized fluid bearing directly on an operating fluid cylinder or fluid motor . 33 Difference between Pneumatic and Hydraulic

34. fluid cylinder produces a force resulting linear motion. fluid motor produces a torque resulting in rotary motion . 34 Difference between Pneumatic and Hydraulic

35. methods of transmitting power. Electrical Mechanical Fluid power most application actually use combination of these 3 methods to obtain most efficient overall system. 35 Difference between Pneumatic and Hydraulic 3

36. Advantages Transmit power economically over greater distance than mechanical types Easy and accuracy of control : by use of simple levers and push button operator of fluid power can start, stop, speed or slow down, with accuracy and desired power. Ex aircraft rise & lower landing gear. Constant force or torque : Only fluid power systems are capable of providing constant force or torque regardless of speed changes. Fluid power systems also have the highest power per weight ratio of any known power source. 36

37. Advantages Simplicity, Safety, Economy Fewer moving parts, compact, reliable Multiplication of Forces Multiply of forces without gears, pulleys, levers 37

38. Advantages of Hydraulics The advantages of hydraulics over the other forms of power transmission are: An infinite control of speed An infinite control of pressure An instant change of direction, including stopping and starting It is self lubricating Large forces are transmitted Pipes and hoses can run at any angle Systems are relatively compact for the forces transmitted Leaks are easy to detect 38

39. Advantages of Pneumatics The advantages of pneumatics over the other forms of power transmission are: Light equipment Does not require return lines for the use fluid Air does not cost anything No storage facilities are required for the used fluid Air does not cost anything There is no heavy fluid in the system High speeds can be achieved Components are relatively cheap There is no risk of environmental contamination from the fluid Can be safely used in explosion risk areas Very little effect from temperatures up to 120°C 39

40. Disadvantages It also has some draw backs Hydraulic oil are messy and leakage is impossible to eliminate completely. Hydraulic line can burst possibly resulting injuries to people. Prolong exposure to loud noise originate from pumps can result in loss of hearing. 40

41. Application of fluid power Fluid power drives high-wire overhead tram. Fluid power is applied to harvesting corn Fluid power is the muscles in industrial lift truck:- Fork lift Fluid power drives excavators. Door closer Dentist chair Hydraulic press Hydraulic Shaper, Pneumatic Screw Driver Hydraulic jack… etc. 41

42. Industrial Users of Fluid Power Manufacturing: handling, bundling, tying, presses, machine tools, mixing and lifting. Mining: continuous miners, pit props & drills. Agriculture: farming equipment. Aircraft: the undercarriage, general flying controls, cargo cramps & keeping wings de-iced Marine: steering, stabilizers, winches, cargo doors, Forestry: earth moving equipment, tree loppers and tree stripers Transport: automatic doors on trains, brakes and lifting equipment Entertainment 42

43. Skid loader 43

44. Skid loader 44

45. Operator Compartment 45

46. Double acting actuator 46