Delhi sultanat art architecture

Delhi Sultanate
Art and Architecture

1. Delhi Sultanat Art & Architecture Abdul Azim Akhtar

2. Literature Al- Beruni - Kitab - ul -Hind Ibn Batuta - Rehla Amir Khusru (1253-1325): Ejaz -e- Khusravi , Masnavi , Ghazal, Nasr, Dewal Rani khizr Kahani , Nuh Siphir , Futuh Salatin - Tutu-e-Hindi Abdul Azim Akhtar

3. Literature Amir Hasan - Fawaid-ul-Fawad ( Conversation of mystic Nizamuddin ) Zia Barni - Tarikh -e- Firozshahi & Fatwa e Jahandari Fakhruddin Qawas - Farhang i Qawaas , Persian dictionary composed in India Md. Shadiabadi - Miftahul Fuzala ( Dictionary) Abdur Rahman - Sandshraska Chand Baradai - Prithiviraj Raso Malik Md Jaisi - Padmavat Abdul Azim Akhtar

4. KHUSRU KAHEIN ‘ Kishwar -e- Hind Ast Baheshti ba zamin ’ ‘The land of India is paradise on earth’ Abdul Azim Akhtar

5. Architecture New features emerges Indian technique was based on trabeated system; Beams supported by pillars; Lintel, conical corbelled Islamic art was based on use of arches, domes, vaults, squinches (elimination of corners & converting square into an octagonal shape; P ersian element) Combination of P ersian , central Asian, Regional Abdul Azim Akhtar

6. Use of Arch- True Arch Lime & Cement Light & Space Quwatul Islam Mosque, Dhai Din Ka Jhonpra ( False arches & Eschew Dome ) Abdul Azim Akhtar

7. First true Arch- Tomb of Balban ( Location- Beginning of MB Road (New Delhi). First Dome- Alai Darwaza Abdul Azim Akhtar

8. Abdul Azim Akhtar

9. QUTUB MINAR 1206-30 Started by Aibak Completed by Iltutmish Rapaired by Firoz Shah Tughlaq , Sikander Lodi Original –4 storeys Repaired & 5 th Storey added by Firoz Tughlaq 379 steps Diminishing in Size- Last two are replacements Decoration- Floral Pietra Dura H x W- 72.5 Meter x 14.73 M Abdul Azim Akhtar

10. Decoration Geometry Flower- inverted lotus Star / Half Moon Arabesque- interlacing lines & stems Calligraphy- Different scripts of Arabic and sometime persian used Geometrical designs (square, circle, stars) Muqarana Design- Honey comb motif- first time created in Qutub Minar Spandrel- the upper cornered triangular space decorated with geometry Abdul Azim Akhtar

11. Monuments Khalji Era : Alai Darwaza - 1311; Jamat Khana Mosque ( Nizamuddin ); Siri Tughlaq period - Tughlaqabad ; Jahanpanah ; Begumpur ; Kalu Sarai ; Kotla ; Hauz Khas Lodi- Tombs – Sikander Lodi, Octagonal shape, Bara Gumbad , Moth Masjid , Abdul Azim Akhtar

12. Cities within City Qila Rai Pithora Mehrauli ( Qutubuddin Aibak ) Siri - Hauz Khas ( Alauddin Khalji ) Tughalaqabad ( Ghyasuddin Tughalq ) Jahanpanah ( Md Bin Tughalq ) Firozabad / Kotla ( Firoze Shah Tughlaq ) Dinpanah ( unfinished city by Humayun ) Purana Qila ( Sher Shah) Abdul Azim Akhtar

13. Paintings Fusion of Persian and Indian Style Regional schools like Jain, and Rajasthan style also influenced the art Music – New instruments brought Rabab , Sarangi , New regulations, new musical modes, Balban - Dancing and Music society was there Gopal Nayak and Amir Khusru were called Nayak ( Master) Abdul Azim Akhtar

14. Dance & Music Barani talks of dancers at Sultanat Courts of Jalaluddin Khalji ; Faqai’s daughter & Nusrat Khatun , Mihir Afroz captivated the audience ; He also talks of girls being trained Barni talks of Indian artisans trained in Persian and Indian music Amir Khusru in 1318 claimed that Indian music was supreme Ghunyatu’l Munya - Anonymous work on Indian Music (1374-75) Abdul Azim Akhtar

15. ARTS Amir Khusru - Introduced new ragas- Aiman , Ghora , Sanam , iman , zilb , sazagiri & Invented Sitar Firoz Shah Tughlaq - Indian work Ragadarpan translated into Persian launguage Books- Ejaze e Khusravi ( Amir Khusru ); Lahaat by Yahya Kabuli during Sikander Lodi time; Gunyat al Munya written by unknown during Firoz Shah Tughlaq Abdul Azim Akhtar