Demographic Transition Model

Edexcel Geography GCSE Revision - Demographic transition model.

1. The Demographic Transition Model

2. The Demographic Transition Model Stage 1 – High Fluctuating Reasons for High Birth Rate Little or no birth control High infant mortality Children seen as status symbol Reasons for High Death Rate High incidence of disease Poor nutrition and famine Poor housing and hygiene Little or no health care Total population is low There are no countries in this stage of the model but some isolated tribes in the Amazon Rainforest are still like this

3. The Demographic Transition Model Stage 2 – High Fluctuating Reasons for High Birth Rate Little or no birth control Children seen as status symbol Reasons for Falling Death Rate Infant mortality is falling Improved health care and hygiene Better nutrition Safer water, better waste disposal Total population is begins to increase rapidly Examples of this stage include Afghanistan and Nepal

4. The Demographic Transition Model Stage 3 – Late Expanding Reasons for Falling B irth Rates Widespread birth control Preference for smaller families Expense of bringing up children Low infant mortality rate Total population is begins to slow Examples of this stage include Egypt and Thailand

5. The Demographic Transition Model Stage 4 – Low Fluctuating Low birth rate and death rate Population becomes older Death rates are kept low by improving health care Birth rates are kept low by effective birth control and women delaying the age at which they have children Examples of countries in this stage include the UK and USA

6. The Demographic Transition Model Stage 5 – Decline Death rate starts to be higher than birth rate Modern medicine keeps the elderly alive for longer Total population begins to decline Fewer people are in the reproductive age meaning lower birth rate This stage has only recently be reached by some European countries such as Italy.