Dermatobia

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1. Dermatobia Submitted To: Dr.Shoaib Submitted By: 14- Arid-2022 FAISAL SHAHZAD SOMROO PMAS

2. Outline Introduction What is Myiasis ? Classification Host The Human Bot Fly Prevention/Treatment

3. What is Myiasis ? The Infestation of animal tissue with Dipteran larvae. For example. Maggots Occurs predominantly in the tropics and subtropics of Africa and the Americas.

4. Dermatobia hominis : The Human Bot Fly Classification Kingdom- Animalia Phylum- Arthropoda Class- Insecta Order- Diptera Family- Oestridae Genus- Dermatobia Species- D. hominis

5. Host Mammals like cattle B ovine H umen Canine like cats D ogs

6. The Human Bot Fly Life-cycle The Human Bot Fly Life-cycle Females “glue” their eggs onto the body of an arthropod (usually a fly or mosquito ) Eggs drop off the mosquito (or fly) during a blood meal. Eggs hatch in response to heat and larvae burrow into the epidermis. Larvae then undergo 3 distinct developmental stages (instars) within the host.

7. Three Larval Instars of D. hominis The first instar is subcylindrical with concentric rows of small backward facing spines encasing the larval body. The second instar has a pyriform (tapered ) shape with 6 posterior spiracles. The third instar is the form that emerges from the lesion and is a fusiform shape (2cm).

8. cont … Third instar larvae emerges falls to the ground and pupates in the soil. Pupae develops further into mature, adult Bot Fly.

9. Vectors for D. hominis Mosquitoes and other flies that require a blood meal are all possible vectors for The Human Bot Fly's eggs.

10. Vectors Cont. PHORESIS. Method of depositing eggs on a different insect for dispersal/ transmission is known as PHORESIS .

11. Prevention/Treatment The most conventional way of removing the larvae is with a simple surgical procedure that includes local anesthesia. Using a scalpel to cut a slit to enlarge the wound, the larvae can be taken out . In order to coax the larva out, the spiracles need to be covered. They can be covered with bacon, petroleum jelly, beeswax, or any other thick substance that prevents the larvae from breathing. The larvae will come up out of the lesion to breathe allowing it to be removed with forceps .

12. Cont… In some cases the larva maybe popped out by applying pressure around the wound. two wooden spatulas to apply pressure to pop the larva out. Use of lidocaine injections underneath the cyst. This creates pressure that pushes the larva out. After any of these procedures, antibiotics are given to prevent infection. The wound should heal in one to two weeks with little or no scarring.

13. Literature Cited Aguilera A; Cid A; Reguerio B; Prieto J; Noya M. Intestinal myiasis aused by Eristalis tenax . J Clin Microbiol . 1999 Sep; 37(9):3082. Bapat , Sonali . Neonatal myiasis . Pediatrics. 2000 Jul; 106(1):e6 .