Design Engineering Gtu AEIOU gujarat technology university

Design Engineering AEIOU GTU gujarat technology university .......

1. SELF REGULATING LIGHTING SYSTEM A PROJECT REPORT Submitted by NAME Enrollment No. Payal Patil 210760111005 Nisha Ray 210760111008 Kushangi Patil 210760111021 Pranathi Manepalli 220763111001 For completion of course of. Design Engineering -2B in sem 6 of Electronics & Communication Engineering Shree Swami Atmanand Saraswati Institute of Technology Kapodra , Surat

2. Shree Swami Atmanand Saraswati Institute of Technology Kapodra , Surat CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the project report submitted along with the project entitled Self Regulating Lighting System has been carried out by Team ( 3160001 ) under prof. Avni P Lakhlani’s guidance in partial fulfilment for the design engineering 2B in Electronics & Communication Engineering, 6th Semester of Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad during the academic year 2023-24. Internal Guide Head of the Department

3. DECLARATION We hereby declare that the Project report submitted along with the Project entitled Self Regulating lights submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics and Communication to Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, is a bonafide record of original project work carried out by us at Shree Swami Atmanand Saraswati Institute of Technology under the supervision of Prof. Avni P Lakhlani . and that no part of this report has been directly copied from any students’ reports or taken from any other source, without providing due reference. Name of the Student Enrollment No. Payal Patil 210760111005 Nisha Ray 210760111008 Kushangi Patil 210760111021 Pranathi Manepalli 220763111001

4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is a great pleasure and privilege to have an opportunity to take this design engineering project work entitled “Self Regulating Lights”. The time has arrived when we would like to show our deep gratitude towards the people associated with this project for their support, encouragement and guidance throughout the four semesters. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our guide Prof. Avni P Lakhlani of Shree Swami Atmanand Saraswati Institite of technology for her guidance, support, motivation and encouragement throughout the period of this work. Her readiness for Consultation at all times, their educative comments, her concerns and assistance have been Invaluable. We would like to express our gratitude towards all the teaching and non- teaching staff of the department, who have immensely contributed their precious time and efforts to help us in Completing this Project work. We would like to thank all the Team Members for their support throughout this project. Team Members Payal Patil 210760111005 Nisha Ray 21076011100 Kushangi Patil 210760111021 Pranathi Manepalli 220763111001

5. ABSTRACT Lights are the most common and basic electric devices used in the modern world. But, instead of manually switched lights, we can make “responsive lights”. We will try to make lights/ LEDs systems which work on sensors, have preset lighting schemes and schedules. These may be used in: - Corridors: lights get switched on when they sense someone. – Houses, Classrooms etc. This lighting system can help save electricity when not in use. The users may also override the automation if required.

6. INDEX CHAPTER. TITLE. Project Details                         Circuit diagram List of components Description of Components HC-05 Bluetooth module Arduino Uno Working  Arduino Code   Result And Discussion. Conclusion All Canvases

7. LIST OF FIGURES Sr No. Figure Description Figure 1.1          Circuit Diagram Figure 2.1          HC-05 BLUETOOTH Module Figure 2.2          Arduino UNO Figure 2.3          Light Dependent Resistor Figure 4.1          AEIOU Canvas Figure 4.2          Empathy Canvas Figure 4.3          Mind Map Figure 4.4         Ideation Canvas Figure 4.5 .         Product Development Canvas   Figure 4.6 .         LNM Canvas Figure 4.7 .         Prototype Overall

8. 1.PROJECT DETAILS CIRCUIT DIAGRAM                   Fig: 1.1 Circuit Diagram/ Picture    

9. LIST OF COMPONENTS The hardware components requirement fot this product’s circuit are: ○ Arduino UNO          ○ HC – 05 bluetooth module            ○ 10k, 20k Resistors  ○ LEDs          ○ Resistors depend upon LEDs     The Software Components requirement for this circuit are:   ○ Arduino IDE ○ Bluetooth Electronics App

10. COMPONENT DESCRIPTION 2.1 HC-05 BLUETOOTH MODULE   The HC-05 is a class 2 slave Bluetooth module designed for transparent wireless serial communication. Once it is paired to a master Bluetooth device such as PC, smartphones and tablet, its operation becomes transparent to the user. All data received through the serial input is immediately transmitted over the air. When the module receives wireless data, it is sent out through the serial interface exactly at it is received. No user code specific to the Bluetooth module is needed at all in the user microcontroller program. 2.1 Bluetooth module HC-05  

11. 2.2. ARDUINO UNO   Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.. "Uno" means one in Italian and was chosen to mark the release of Arduino Software (IDE) 1.0. The Uno board and version 1.0 of Arduino Software (IDE) were the reference versions of Arduino, now evolved to newer releases. 2.2 Arduino Uno

12. 2.3 LEDs:- Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is all about turning a digital output on and off rapidly such that information can be encoded in the signal. The average on time of this signal can be used to control the power output to a device, such as the LEDs in this demo. The Arduino analogueWrite () command uses PWM to achieve this. For every 256 counts, the output is held high until the requested analogue write value is reached. This is repeated every 2.04 ms or at 490 Hz (for the 16 MHz Arduino Uno with default settings). Thus a value of 0 will be off all the time, a value of 255 will be on all the time and anything in between will be pulse width modulated to be on for a part of the time. 2.3 LEDs

13. WORKING This Project uses the Bluetooth HC-05 or HC-06 modules with an Arduino to communicate to an Android device with Bluetooth. The Bluetooth Electronics app is used with 3 sliders to control the amount of red, green and blue from the LED(s). Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is all about turning a digital output on and off rapidly such that information can be encoded in the signal. The average on time of this signal can be used to control the power output to a device, such as the LEDs in this project. The Arduino analogueWrite () command uses PWM to achieve this. For every 256 counts, the output is held high until the requested analogue write value is reached. This is repeated every 2.04 ms or at 490 Hz (for the 16 MHz Arduino Uno with default settings). Thus a value of 0 will be off all the time, a value of 255 will be on all the time and anything in between will be pulse width modulated to be on for a part of the time.   There are multiple ways of achieving an on state for e.g. 50 % of the time. Like the Arduino, it could be treated like a duty cycle with the first 50% of the counts set as on.   However it could also be achieved by splitting the 'on' states such that the state is alternated each clock, … and so on. Whilst we have used 3 LEDs and used a 470 Ω resistor (resistance to use depends on LED) in series with them, a single RGB led could also be used. A RGB LED has 4 leads, the longest being the common, and the other three for the red, blue and green.

14. 3.1 Code for Arduino   int Red_LED_Pin = 9; // PWM Pin for Red LED int   Green_LED_Pin = 10; // PWM Pin for Green LED int Blue_LED_Pin = 11; // PWM Pin for Blue LED // Varibles to hold brightness values ranging from   0 (off) to 255 (fully on) int Red_value =0; int Green_value =0;   int Blue_value =0;   char   BluetoothData ; // the data received from bluetooth   serial link   void setup() {   // Initialise LED pins as outputs pinMode ( Red_LED_Pin , OUTPUT); pin Mode(Green_LED_Pin, OUTPUT); pinMode ( Blue_LED_Pin , OUTPUT); // initialsie serial communication Serial.begin (9600); } void loop()   { //Process any info coming from the bluetooth serial link if ( Serial.available ()){

15. BluetoothData = Serial.read (); //Get next character from bluetooth if( BluetoothData =='R')   Red_value = Serial.parseInt (); //Read Red value   if( BluetoothData =='G')   Green_value = Serial.parseInt (); //Read Green Value   if( BluetoothData =='B')   Blue_value = Serial.parseInt (); //Read Blue Value   } //update LED Brightness analogWrite ( Red_LED_Pin , Red_value ); analogWrite (Green_LED_Pin, Green_value ); analogWrite ( Blue_LED_Pin , Blue_value ); delay(10); }

16. RESULTS & DISCUSSION There are lower chances of the automatic light system overheating & risk of accidents is also minimized. Cost of operating automatic lights is far less when compared to conventional lights. We can save energy for future use and we can control the losses of the power. We can implement this project for the home lamp or night lamp of the room. On sunny and rainy days, on and off time differ notice which is one of the major disadvantages of using timer circuit or manual operation for switching the street light system. Using RTC mode, we can have a preset time for on and off of the lights which makes it more efficient. Further Applications 1. Used in Shopping malls and stores. 2. Used in street light applications.   3 . Used in Domestic applications.   4 . Used in Industrial applications.

17. CONCLUSION The Automatic light controller using LDR based Light intensity, in today's growing countries will be more effective in case of cost, manpower and security as compared with today's running complicated and complex light controlling systems. Automatic Light Controlling System puts up a very user-friendly approach and could increase the power. User can even integrate their lighting control system with your emergency alarm system and change the lighting conditions for emergency conditions Motion sensor lighting control is also highly beneficial in a home with seniors. Older adults can get up during the night to ease themselves without fear of tripping over objects in the dark as movement activates the lights.

18. 4.1 AEIOU CANVAS  

19. 4.2 EMPATHY CANVAS

20. 4.3 MIND MAP

21. 4.4 IDEATION CANVAS

22. 4.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CANVAS

23. 4.6 LNM CANVAS

24. 4.7 PROTOTYPE

25. REFERENCES Websites & Links: 1. https://youtu.be/TODV4_4cKEA 2. https://www.build-electronic-circuits.com/night-light-circuit/ 3. http://elonics.in/breadboard-projects/light-sensor-and- darknessdetector -circuit-using- ldr -transistor 4.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272169727_Evaluation_ of_Daylight_Responsive_Lighting_Control_Systems_According_t o_the_Results_of_a_Long_Term_Experiment