DESIGN OF SOLAR PANELS_solar panel -1.pptx

This presentation will provide an idea of all design aspect for a beginner inorder to design a solar panel

1. DESIGN OF SOLAR SYSTEM FOR HOMES

2. TeaM members 18038-M-014 18038-M-027 18038-M-040 18038-M-048 18038-M-054 18533-M-009

3. Solar system consists of four units: Solar panel Electronic controller/power conditioning unit Battery / electricity grid Load.

4. SOLAR PANEL: It produces electrical energy. ELECTRONIC CONTROLLER: It helps to supply right voltage and current to load. BATTERY: It stores chemical energy and converts into electricity. LOAD: It consumes the electricity.

5. SOLAR PANEL Solar panel receives sun rays and convert into power. Solar panels are specified in power ratings like peak power or maximum power. Solar panels are made by two types of materials these are silicon based and thin film based panels. Solar panels cost is based on rupees per watt. The life of solar panels is about 25 years.

6. TECHNOLOGY: 1. Silicon based Technology 2. Thin film Technology. SILICON BASED TECHNOLOGY: ▪ These are 2 types of cells 1. Monocrystalline silicon solar cell 2. Multi crystalline silicon solar cell ▪ Efficiency of the silicon based Technology higher than the thin film Technology (15-18%). ▪ In the Technology the modules are not flexible. ➢ THIN FILM TECHNOLOGY: ▪ Efficiency of the technology is (14-16%). ▪ In the technology modules are flexible. ▪ Life of the Solar panel is 25 years . After 25 years it produces 80% of the energy.

7. Solar panels

8. Solar cell A solar cell is made up of semiconductor material which consists of p-type and n-type layer. N-type layer is thin and transperant and p-type layer is thick. When these two layers are joined p-n junction is formed which results in formation of depletion region which consists neutral atoms. When sun light strikes n-type layer the light penetrates upto depletion region. The photons in the light breaks the neutral atoms.When they are connected to load by electrodes the current will pass from p-type to n-type layer.

9. PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL

10. ELECTRONIC CONTROLLER/POWER CONDITIONING UNIT.

11. Electronic controllers have three main functions, 1. It helps to extract maximum power from solar panel. 2. It helps to protect batteries from over charge and over discharge. 3. It helps to supply right voltage and current to appliances. TYPES OF ELECTRONIC CONTROLLERS 1. INVERTERS 2. CHARGE CONTROLLERS. INVERTERS Inverters receives DC power from battery or solar panel and gives AC power to appliances as output.

12. CHARGE CONTROLLERS. Charge controllers receives DC power from battery or solar panel and gives out DC as output. Electronic controllers are specified based on power ratings, i.e 2KVA, 3KVA... Whenever we need AC power as output we use inverters to meet the requirement and when we need DC power as output we use charge controller to meet the our requirement.

13. ELECTRONIC CONTROLLER WITH BATTERY

14. BATTERY: ❖ Battery is a tank of charge. ❖ Units of charge is Amphere-hour (Ah). ❖ Batteries are having 2 types of technologies by consider material is used in batteries. ➢ TECHNOLOGY: 1) LEAD- ACID BATTERIES 2) LITHIUM-ION (Li-ion) BATTERIES ➢ LEAD-ACID BATTERIES: ❖ Depth of discharge (DOD) of the battery is 50%. ❖ Life of the battery is 800 - 1500 cycles or (3-5 years). ❖ It is used for bigger appliances. ❖ Leading to a Superior Battery Performance with Improved and Faster Charge Acceptance.

15. ❖ The Lead Acid batteries are Rechargeable. ➢ LITHIUMION(Lion) BATTERIES : ❖Depth of discharge(DOD) of the batteries is (80 -90%). ❖ Life of the batteries is (1200-2500 cycles)or(4-8years). ❖ It is used for smaller appliances.

16. LoAD An electric load is an electrical component or portion of a circuit that consumes electric power such as electrical appliances and lights inside the home.

17. VARIOUS TYPES OF LOADS IN HOME

18. SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM:

19. CONCLUSION: The sun is a powerful source that can help our planet by giving us clean, reusable energy to power our world. The use of this energy is free, does not create pollution, and if used wisely can help us become less dependent on other more costly and damaging forms of power. So use solar energy systems.