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1. Design Thinking Module 2 William Oakes

2. Learning Objectives At the end of this session, you will be able to: Describe the SpeakAll EPICS Design Case Study Describe who IDEO is and why they are recognized for design and innovation Describe the shopping cart case study Explain the benefits of failure in design

3. Case Study: Interactive, Programmable Alternative Augmentative Communication (IPAAC) IPAAC

4. Interactions with Community Communications at all stages Human-Centered Design Also draw from: IDEO, Stanford’s d-school

5. Autism impairs communication skills Using cards to enhance communication Example project: PECS ~$50 Use technology – complex and expensive Example: DynaVox ~$7500 PECS DynaVox IPAAC The Opportunity

6. Professor Wendt, Audiology and Speech Science Researches Augmentative Communication Tracy Holdman Teaches children with special needs at West Lafayette Junior/Senior High School (grades 7-12) Primary Stakeholders (Partners) IPAAC

7. Design Process Understanding the need Students engaged with groups of students with autism Improved the organization of manual cards Learned the context

8. 8 Goals of the Project Success Criteria Ability to accept touch input Ability to playback voice Ability to store and recall previously programmed activities Ability to easily transport device IPAAC

9. Early Prototypes Explored electronic and card combinations Using miroco -processors and creating a touch screen system Designing Hardware and software

10. 10 Possible Solutions IPAAC Purchasing expensive AAC device with limited functionality ($1000 - $8000+) Ex. Tango: $6899 Ex. Dynavox Xpress: $5500 Create custom device and software using embedded digital design Create custom software to be run on a Tablet or PC (Android, Windows, or Mac iOS based)

11. 11 Custom Software Solutions IPAAC Android Options Devices are too new or unreleased Small screens (5” to 7” diagonally), currently unavailable for purchase, or poor product reviews Windows Options Devices were too expensive ($1000+) Apple Options iPad: 9” screen, popular, online app support

12. Application Comparison IPAAC App Name (Total Score) Audio Playback (10) Tap/Drag Images (5) Resize Images (5) Task Oriented (10) Custom Sheets (15) Variable Target Age (5) Voice Recording (10) Price Tap to Talk (20)   $99.95 123 Writing (10)  Free Alphababy (20)    $0.99 Going Places (20)   $0.99 IPAAC (60)        Free

13. 13 Our Solution IPAAC FREE , customized iPad Application

14. 14 IPAAC Features IPAAC Flexibility to create custom activity sheets

15. 15 Activity Mode AVToolbox Audio Foundation Audio playback UIButton Hidden unlock button UIImage Icon visual representation Read access to database Navigation Controller IPAAC

16. App Directory 16 Memory Management IPAAC SQL Database Images and audio stored in IPAAC directory Filenames stored in SQL Database App loads images/audio using filename strings

17. Application Testing Device testing and simulations Features were tested immediately after implementation Possible to load prototype app on to iPad Receive feedback from Project Partner Watch for issues and usage not thought of in initial design phase 17 IPAAC

18. SPEAKall ! Advantages Light weight Smaller size No physical tiles Reduced cost ProxTalker = $ 3,850 (without tiles) SPEAKall ! = $ 570 IPAAC ProxTalker

19. SPEAKall ! Available on the Apple Store Download free version Start-up company developed professional version More features, available for a fee IPAAC

20. Available on App Store SPEAKall ! BUYit ! SPEAKone ! MAKEit ! IPAAC

21. Questions/Discussion

22. Research Results: People and Technical are Related Technical: Design, Complexity, Ambiguity Interacting with People Design users, team members Students Need Experiences that Integrate People and Technology Novice Expert Traditional Education Student -Engineer Development

23. Learning by doing Students learn by making mistakes, reflecting and trying again

24. Promoting Iteration Representations promote feedback that promotes negotiation and appropriate iteration Visual – drawings, sketches, CAD Functional – mock up or prototype Intermediate or component Partial prototypes Community partners who do not have the answers They know when they “see” it

25. Good design… Good designs involve diverse perspectives and expertise IDEO – industry leader in design and innovation Design thinking is a crucial business asset—one that can, indeed, move a company forward and improve the bottom line. To optimize this impact, (we) advise thoughtfully structuring the innovation process. They stress working on projects that improve people’s lives.. - Ryan Jacoby and Diego Rodriguez, Innovation, Growth, and Getting to Where You Want to Go, Design Management Review Vol. 18 No. 1

26. Prototypes Prototyping….rough, quick, very iterative IDEO working with Gyrus ACMI to design new apparatus for operating on delicate nasal tissues Prototype: http://cataligninnovation.blogspot.com/2008/11/prototyping-foundational-competency-of.html

27. Prototyping – Both Important Prototyping…. Communication device Interaction and teasting with users Prototyping… Proof of technology Testing technology http://cataligninnovation.blogspot.com/2008/11/prototyping-foundational-competency-of.html

28. IDEO IDEO company ( www.ideo.com/ ) IDEO Design Kit ( http://www.designkit.org/ ) Shopping Cart Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M66ZU2PCIcM

29. Questions/Discussion