Design Steps for any MultiMedia Applications

Design Steps for any MultiMedia Applications

1. 6 Design steps for any MM application
1.Specify the business model
This includes the business requirement that the MM software
system should satisfy.

2. 6 Design steps for any MM application / case study …….
Contd…..
2. Specify the business information model
This includes the following :
•Types of users
•Operation performed by each type of user
•Performance requirement ( most important )
Performance requirement calculates the required
download bandwidth for each component – A,V,I and
text and storage space required for storing each
one.
Here state availability requirement if the application
should be 24 * 7 .

3. 6 Design steps for any MM application
Contd…..
1.Architectural recommendation and technology feasibility report
To achieve performance requirement calculated in above step
Architectural recommendation indicate the following aspects of
the step :
•Topology of the network
•Types of servers
•Location of database servers
•Communication and networking protocols.
•Security considerations ( only if specifically asked )
•Database integrity considerations. ( only if specifically asked )

4. 6 Design steps for any MM application
Contd…..
4.Object architecture
This is important when we design a distributed
MM system.
This diagram indicates different components
required in a distributed system like
•Object request broker
•Object name server
•A,V,I – show each MM component server
separately.
•Object directory manager

5. 6 Design steps for any MM application
Contd…..
5. Workflow
Workflow is a set of steps which govern the flow of data
and or information to produce a tangible output.
Please remember as regards MM there are only 4 types :
5.Training manuals and online help
6.Information databases
7.Messaging systems
8.Business processes

6. About Workflow….
Any workflow has simple three stages
• Capture stage: This includes
–capturing of image through digital camera or scanner
–checking its quality.
–Indexing i.e. finding unique information and storing it separately
in index tables.

7. About Workflow….
•User access stage
This is always mentioned relatively as it is very specific to the
application to be implemented.
For eg : OLE, possible output modes.
•Archiving and purging stage :
Archiving means taking periodic backup for immediate future use.
Backup means saving data on offline storage for future reference if
any.
Purging means removing data / information no longer needed

8. 6 Design steps for any MM application
Contd…..
6. Object design
( also called MM authoring)
This includes the following :
5.Database schema design
6.Categorizing different components into audio, video,
image and text. Please note for this u have to read the
case study thoroughly.
7.Making MM user interfaces.

9. Case study example
Continuous education program : One of the most
important application using both technologies, networks
and multimedia, is distance learning. Computers offer the
chance for new educational procedures, which in
combination to networks reach levels beyond imagination.
Anyone could be educated by the greatest teachers of the
world. Computers cannot replace the teacher, but they
can bring him closer to the student.
Assume required data if any and specify clearly. You are
appointed as a consultant to implement this application.

10. Case study example
1.Design the performance requirements if this
application is to be used in distributed environment
3.Give the workflow design.
5.Model the various objects and design special
multimedia user interface.
( 20 marks)

11. Step 1 : Specify the business model
1) Spread the domain of education.
2) Facilitate the virtual learning of
students from best teachers without
bothering of physical boundaries.
3) Resolve space & time problem of student
and teacher alike.

12. Step 2: Specify the business information model
1) Types of Users : There are broadly two types of users :
a) Students b) Teachers
2)Operation Performed by Users :
a) Role of Student :
1) Browsing
2) Register
3 ) Fetch Information
4) Download White papers
5) Choose Course & specialization subjects
6) Pay online
7) Enroll for multiplecourses.

13. Step 2: Specify the business information model
Contd….
a)Role of teacher :
a) register
b) upload information
c) open forums
d) resolve queries

14. Step 3) Performance Requirements
To find Bandwidth, and storage Requirements; following
assumptions are made : 1) Online University offers 40
courses / subjects / technical / literature based
enrollments.
2)There are 1000 Hits on the web site.
3)About 400 students take there tutorials daily.
4)Every tutorial has a Interactive class room session,
Object based test papers, containing video clips, Audio
to support the lecture, text to support literature about
current topic.
5) There are at most 5 active users downloading content
at any point of time.

15. Performance requirement calculation:
1) Video content in Tutorials :
Frames = 320 x 200 @ 30 frames / sec and 8 bit colour = 1.92
MB / sec
For 30 minutes of lecture (in video) space required = 1.92 x 30 x
60 = 3.456 GB
If compressed with compression Ration = 30:1
Then space required / per lecture = 3.456 GB / 30
= 115.2 MB
For 5 users total Required Space = 115.2 MB x 5 = 576 MB
And download BW required is very high therefore choose leased
line T1 connection ( not shared )= 1.544 Mbps

16. Performance requirement calculation:
2 ) Audio (speech) content in Virtual Close Room Lecture
For 30 minutes lecture, 8 KHz / sample, 8 bits / sample
= 8 KB / sec x 30 x60 = 14.4 MB
Space required for 1 session = 14.4 MB
Space required for 5 Active Users = 14.4 x 5 = 72 MB
If compressed with 30:1 Ratio = 72 MB = 2.4 MB
30
Network Bandwidth (Download B.W.) Required :
2.4 MBps, but this kind of high B.W is practically and
financially not feasible. Therefore previously chosen T1
line is acceptable.

17. Performance requirement calculation:
3) Images : - Average compressed image = 30 KB
Assuming 20 Images per session download =
30 x 20 = 0.6 MB
Compressed (20:1) = 0.6 MB = 0.03 Mb = 30
KB
20
For 5 Active users total space required = 30 KB x 5 =
150 KB
Network Bandwidth = 150 KB / sec (Download B.W)
T1 line is sufficient for above BW requirement.

18. Performance requirement calculation:
Therefore, Total space required at content
server end =~
576 MB + 72 MB + 0.15 MB = 649 MB
Therefore 1 GB buffer (Working memory) space
at server end sufficient enough to cater 6 ( 5 +
10 % tolerance )users taking virtual classroom
coaching.

19. Step 3) Architectural Recommendation to support above
performance requirements
•Topology of the network
•Types of severs
•Location of database servers
•Communication and networking protocols

20. High Speed
Fiber Optic
(FDDI II) Link
Object Server
ATM
Switch
Client
Client
Client
ATM Hub
Object Server
Object
Retriever
Object
Manager
Client Client
Object Server
Client
Object Server
ATM
Switch
Client
In
tern
et

21. Step 4 Object architecture
Object Server
Object Manager
Replication
Migration
Archival
Class-Specific
Functions
Purging
Object Server
Multimedia Application
Common Object Management API
Object Nameserver
Object Directory Service
Object Request Broker
Object Recompilation, Playback Control, Format Conversions
Object Server
Object Manager
Replication
Migration
Archival
Class-Specific
Functions
Purging
Object Retriever
Retrieve Full Object
Playback on Demand
ODMS
Object Retriever
Retrieve Full Object
Playback on Demand

22. Performance Attributes Achieved :from
architectural layout
a) Good Response time
b)Quick & efficient search due to
object indexing
c)Good availability and failsafe
operation as object server replication
done.
d)User friendliness.

23. Step 5 : Workflow Design
IV): Capture Stage : The video conversation or a stored video mail
message are recorded as a part of document or a database record.
A video camera and appropriate sound and video hardware are
required for this. The captured information is recorded directly on an
object server for multimedia objects.
User Access Stage : The workflow is designed to allow the user to
retrieve the container document via a database. The container
document has the embedded objects for the video message or
video conversation and other embedded or linked objects or shared
workspace.
Archiving and Purging : Allow the user to perform the archiving and
purging; no automatic facilities are provided. Only if he purchases a
case paper i.e. transaction takes place.

24. Step 5 : Workflow Design … contd…
Above workflow for virtual university, supports
following features :
a)They are primarily playback-only systems. End users do
not add information components to these systems.
b)The input and output components of the workflow are
completely independent of each other and may or may not
reside on the same network.
c)Size of the database is large and the need for indexing
every component in an information repository is a must. In
addition, these systems also require the ability to adjust
the display quality and window size on the basis of the
workstation hardware and user preferences.

25. Step 6 : MM object design
The various objects which will be used for distance
learning will be :
Text : Lecture notes, tutorials, textbooks, references,
technical papers, journals, manuals.
Images : Book cover (Covering name & author), lecturer
image, flash image at the start and end of the lecture,
images of various icons, image of student – lecturer
interaction, various images related to the lecture subject
like diagrams, drawings, maps etc.
Audio: The lecturer’s talking, students question, sound of
flash image indicating start and end of the lecture.
Video : Video conferencing overall, display of some
classroom virtual tour.