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1. DETERMINERS

2. Read these sentences. Then identify the word that is used before the noun. He wants to be a doctor An apple a day, keeps the doctor away. This book is very useful Please lend me some money My father was a famous musician

3. Determiners are words which we use before nouns. They tell us something about the nouns-which one, how many ,or how much. ARTICLES POSSESSIVES DEMONSTRATIVES QUANTIFIERS My Our Your His Her This That These Those Some Any Many Much A An The DETERMINERS        DISTRIBUTIVE -  each, every, all, either, neither ,etc .

4. ARTICLES : A / AN / THE The Indefinite Article The Definite Article Used for objects that are not specific to one of several things of a similar type A / AN THE Used for the first time we introduce an object Used when we mention the object again Used for specific objects that both the speaker and listener know E.g. The movie is based on a real-life incident. E.g. Can you give me the books on the table? E.g. I need a phone . E.g. I saw a movie last night.

5. USAGE EXAMPLES Used before words beginning with a consonant sound HOW TO USE A - AN A Man A Cat A Lamp Used before words that begin with A vowel sound An Aeroplane An Umbrella An Egg

6. WORDS BEGINNING WITH SILENT LETTER H An Hour An Honest Person WORDS BEGINNING WITH CONSONANT LETTER WITH VOWEL SOUND : An M.A An S.P.

7. WORDS BEGINNING WITH VOWEL LETTERS WITH CONSONANT SOUND : A one man show A University A European

8. INDEFINITE ARTICLES - A/AN 1) We do not use a or an before uncountable nouns such as milk, water, music, beauty, honesty, tea , etc. but  we can use a or an before an uncountable noun in a particular sense, often with different meaning.     Examples : I want tea  ( Tea in general sense )                  Give me a cup of tea 2) When we use a/an before an adjective . It is determined by its initial sound.  Example:    He is an honest man.  A mobile phone is a useful gadget.

9. We use article the in the following  cases:   a. with a noun when it is repeated.      As -  I met a lawyer . The lawyer gave me a good advice.   b. with a singular noun referring to a particular group or class.    As- The lion is a beast of prey.   c.  Before a noun made definite by a phrase or clause.        As – The lady in pink dress is his sister. The man who came late was not allowed to enter. DEFINITE ARTICLES - THE The main purpose of using’ the’ is to specify a person, thing or place. It can be used before countable and uncountable nouns:  Examples:  1. I bought a book. The book is really interesting.                  2.  He is the man responsible for the mishap

10.   d .  Before the names of rivers, oceans, hills mountains, important religious books,      some newspapers, and magazines. The Ganga,                The Himalayas The Bible The Atlantic

11. e. in order to specify a person, place or thing. As- Some of the boys were very week. The film will be a box office hit. f. Before a noun becoming particular by reason of its position, locality. As-  Father is in the lawn ( the lawn o f the house) Please pass the salt   ( the salt on the table) g. before adjectives to refer to a group or class. As –   the rich            the needy

12.      As-  She is the most intelligent girl in our class.               He is the bravest of all soldiers. h. Before superlatives   As – The immortal Shakespeare lived here.              The Mr Verma you all know came to meet me   i .  Before a noun made definite by a phrase or clause       As-  by the dozen, by the litre ,           both the brothers, the first chapter, the second person.         j.  In certain expression   

13. DETERMINERS : POSSESSIVES Possessives indicate possession or ownership SUBJECT PRONOUN POSSESSIVE DETERMINER I MY YOU YOUR HE HIS SHE HER IT ITS WE OUR THEY THEIR

14. My dog My home My dogs His dog Her dog Its dog

15. DETERMINERS :DEMONSTRATIVES Demonstratives  point  to near or distant  person (s),place (s), or object(s) Near Far Plural Singular This book That book These books Those books

16. DISTRIBUTIVE DETERMINERS Distributive determiners are unique words that refer to a group or a portion of a group, or several different entities. They indicate how items, people or elements are distributed or divided. Examples of distributive determiners include 'each', 'every', 'all', 'half', 'either', 'neither', 'only', 'both', among others. The coach instructed  each  player to warm up before the match. Every  individual is entitled to freedom of speech. All  the employees attended the annual meeting. Both   Mary and Jane are studying English.

17. Difference b/w each & every Each is used to refer to a person or an object individually in a group. Eg - Each student was given a chocolate. Every is used to refer to all members of the group. Eg - She knows every student in the class.

18. EITHER (positive) Either- one or the other of two people or things Eg - There are trees on either side of the river. Eg - you can choose either option.

19. Neither (negative) It is used as to mean not one or the other. Eg - Neither argument is convincing. Eg - Neither parent came to meet the teacher.

20. DETERMINERS –QUANTIFIERS AND NUMBER DETERMINERS FOLLOWING NOUNS EXAMPLES Some Any Al l A lot of Countable plural & uncountable There are some boys in the room. A lot of Indians were there . A lot of water is wasted. There is some milk in the jug.

21. DETERMINERS FOLLOWING NOUNS EXAMPLES Many Several Few Both Much L ittle Countable Plural Many singers were praised. Few girls were present. There is much silence in the room. A little sugar will do. Uncountable

22. Note the use of the following determiners car efully : Some/any Some is used in affirmative sentences, in questions with ‘ yes’ as expected answer. EXAMPLES You are thirsty. Would you like some cold water? SOME ANY EXAMPLES Any is used in negative sentences and questions I don’t have any novel to read.

23. Much / Many Much indicates a large amount. it is used with only uncountable nouns. MUCH Many indicates a large number .  It is used only with countable nouns MANY EXAMPLES How much money do you have? I know many Americans. A Lot of / Lots of We can use a lot of /lots of  in place of much/many in an informal way. EXAMPLES You  have a lot of time  to do it. Lots of people  are still  superstitious.

24. A little / little The Little A little indicates ‘Some’ amount and little ‘very small ‘ amount of something . The little indicates whatever we have. Both are used before uncountable nouns. EXAMPLES Give me a little water , please. Even little help will encourage  the maid. T he little milk that was on the table has been finished.. Plenty of Plenty of indicates a fairly good amount / number. EXAMPLES There is plenty of milk in the   fridge.    ( uncountable) We bought plenty of books for  them.     ( countable)

25. Few/ A few / The Few A few indicates  ‘Some’ and few indicates a very small numbers . The few indicates whatever we have. Both are used before countable nouns. EXAMPLES Only a few people know me here. (Some) Few chairs were empty. ( a small number ) The few teachers who were present took the classes. NOTE : ‘ Quite a few’ can indicate a fairly large number. Quite a few  persons know me here.( a good number) .

26. EITHER / NEITHER Either/ neither refer to two persons or things, and mean  that both of two persons /things  are ( are not) involved. EXAMPLES We can park on either side of the road. We will agree in neither case.

27. EXERCISES (PASSAGE I) Complete the following passage with suitable determiners . (a)……………morning, after breakfast, Naseem would come to (b)……..bed, in (c)………voice he would describe (d)……………scene, which I would work from dawn  to dusk, as if (e)………………day would never end. (f)………….canvas finished and another started . ANSWERS (PASSAGE I) a) Every   b) my c) a d) a e) the f) one

28. EXERCISES (PASSAGE II) Our principal is(a)………  woman of utter class and integrity. Sh e doe s not accept (b)………gift from students, teachers  or parents. On  (c) …………. occasion of (d)…………children’s day , s he rewarded(e)…….  students for (f) ……….. honesty. Complete the following passage with suitable determiners . a)  a b) any c) the d) the e) some f)  their

29. Thank You!