Development control rules and regulation

Development control rules (DCR) as per National Building Code (NBC).

1. DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENT CONTROL DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENT CONTROL
RULES AND REGULATIONS UNDER RULES AND REGULATIONS UNDER
BUILDING BYEBUILDING BYE--LAWSLAWS

2. DEVELOPMENT CONTROL RULES AND REGULATION DEVELOPMENT CONTROL RULES AND REGULATION
DevelopmentControlRegulationsareasetofrulesthatensuretheproper
andeffectivedevelopmentofacity,aswellasthegeneralwelfareofthe
public.
Itisamechanismthatcontrolsthedevelopmentanduseofland.This
involvestheconstructionofnewbuildings,theextensionoftheexisting
ones,andthechangeofuseofthebuildingorlandtoanotheruse.
DCRareamustforeverygrowingcitybecausetheareaimmediatelyDCRareamustforeverygrowingcitybecausetheareaimmediately
beyondthecitylimitsisoftenasourceofhealthrisktothecityand
generallyundernostrictcontroloftheeffectivelocalauthority.
TheMetropolitanCommissioneristhesupremeauthorityforreviewof
DCR’sprovisionsandhisdecisionwouldbefinal.TheMetropolitan
Commissionercouldusehispowertoapproveprovisionsofthese
regulationsexcludingtheprovisionsassociatedwithFloorSpaceIndex
(FSI).
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3. OBJECTIVES OF DCROBJECTIVES OF DCR
Tostoptheunfavorabledemandandmisuseofland.
Toassistprivateinterestalongwithpublicinterestinallphasesof
development.
Developmentcontrolislegalinnatureandtheplanningauthorityhasthe
powertopunishthedefaulters.
Tocontrolandlimitovercrowdingonland.
Tocontroltheprivatedevelopmentaspertherequiredrulesinconnection
topublicsafety,health,andconvenience.topublicsafety,health,andconvenience.
(An Overcrowding situation)
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4. 1.1.TownTownandandCountryCountryPlanningPlanningActAct
2.2.BuildingBuildingByeBye--lawslaws
3.3.LandLandAcquisitionAcquisitionActAct
4.4.ZoningZoningRegulationsRegulations
5.5.SlumSlumClearanceClearanceActAct
6.6.PeripheryPeripheryControlControlActAct
TYPES OF DCRTYPES OF DCR
6.6.PeripheryPeripheryControlControlActAct
1.1.Town and Country Planning ActTown and Country Planning Act
States the policies and general proposals for the development and
other use of land in its area; Takes account of the policies
atnationalandregionallevel insofar as they affect the physical and
environmentalplanningof its area; and Provides the framework for
local plans.
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5. 2. 2. Building ByeBuilding Bye--lawslaws
Building bye-laws are legal tools used to regulate coverage, height,
building bulk, and architectural design and construction aspects of
buildingsso as to achieve orderly development of an area.
PurposePurpose
•Formulated primarily by a central authority, building bye-laws ensure
that constructions are not only safe but also adhere to aesthetic
standards.
•Building bye-laws also govern the provisions for open spacesin a
project, with the aim to ensure that developments do not turn the city
into a concrete jungle.
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6. BYEBYE--
LAWSLAWS
Area and Area and
usageusage
Building Building
HeightHeight
Building Building
CoverageCoverage Floor Floor
Space Space
IndexIndex
Parking Parking
facilitiesfacilitiesFire Fire
ProvisionProvision
Provision Provision
for for Waste Waste
ManagementManagement
Rain Water Rain Water
HarvestingHarvesting
Barrier free Barrier free
EnvironmentEnvironment
Communication Communication
TechnologyTechnology
LAWSLAWS
(Aspects covered by building bye laws)
DensityDensity
Basement Basement
facilitiesfacilities
Green Green
SpacesSpaces
Open Open
SpacesSpaces
Setback & Setback &
projectionprojection
AmenitiesAmenitiesSewerageSewerage
Provision Provision
for Waterfor Water
Provision Provision
for Power for Power
SupplySupply
for for
elevatorselevators ManagementManagement
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7. AreaArea&&UsageUsage
•Itdefineswhichparcelareaoflandshouldusedforwhichpurpose.
•SomeexamplesoflanduseareResidential,Commercial,Industrial,
Institutionaletc.
•ForthatpurposecolourcodesareusedtodefineaLanduse.
GuidelinesGuidelinesforforprovisionprovisionofofBasementBasement
•Theminimumheightofthebasementshouldbe2.5metersandthe
maximumheight4.5meters.
•Theceilingheightshouldbeaminimumof0.9metersandmaximumof•Theceilingheightshouldbeaminimumof0.9metersandmaximumof
1.2metersabovetheroadsurface.
•Ventilationismustforthebasementandcouldbeintheformofblowers,
exhaustfans,air-conditioning,etc.
•Surfacedrainageshouldnotenterthebasement.
•Thebasement’swallsandfloorsmustbewater-proof.
•Thebasementshouldnotbeaccesseddirectlyfromtheroad.Itshould
beaccessedonlyfromthemainentranceoranalternativestaircasethat
providesaccesstothebuilding.
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8. Guidelines related to Building exitsGuidelines related to Building exits
•An exit must be providedin every building, so as to permit safe escape
of residents in times of fire orearthquakes etc.
•Exits are compulsory and these should be clearly visible to all and must
be illuminated. These cannot be reduced in number, width or by any other
means. The requisite number is dependent on occupancy load, capacity,
travel distance, etc.
•Alarms are necessary to ensure those in danger are evacuated
promptly.promptly.
•Exits should be continuous, leading to the exterior of the building.
•Exits can be horizontal or vertical.
•Lifts and revolving doors are not exits.
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9. Floor Space IndexFloor Space Index
•It is the ratio of the covered area of a building (built-up area) to the area
of the plot (land) on which the building is meant to be built or stands. FSI
is the total amount of area (including all floors) that can be built upon a
plot, leaving the remaining as open space.
•As per the new rules, balconies, flower beds, voids and niches are
calculated in FSI and to compensate the loss, the government has
permitted fungible FSI up to 35 percent for residential and 20 percent for
commercial developments.commercial developments.
Size of PlotSize of Plot
As per the DCR, the size of plots appropriate for residential development
ranges according to the income level of occupants. The ideal size
requirements under DCR are -
1. Low-Income Group (LIG) -135-180 Sq m
2. Mid-Income Group (MIG) -216 to 360 Sq m
3. High-Income Group (HIG) -486 to 972 Sq m
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10. No
Group of
occupancy
Number of occupants
StairwaysRamps Doors
1 Residential25 50 75
2 Educational25 50 75
3 Institutional25 50 75
Capacity of exits in different types of buildingsCapacity of exits in different types of buildings
3 Institutional25 50 75
4 Assembly40 50 60
5 Business50 60 75
6 Mercantile50 60 75
7 Industrial50 60 75
8 Storage50 60 75
9 Hazardous25 30 40
(Source; NBC Occupants per unit width)
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11. Occupant LoadOccupant Load
Sl.
No.
Type of Occupancy
Occupant Load per 100 sq
m. of Plinth or Covered
Area
1 Residential 8.0
2
Educational
25.0
3 Institutional 6.60
4
Assembly
(a) with fixed or loose seats and dance
floor
166.6
4 floor
(b) without seating facilities including
dining rooms
166.6
66.6
5
Mercantile
(a) street floor and sales basement
(b) upper sale floor
33.3
16.6
6 Business and industrial 10.0
7 Storage 3.3
8 Hazardous 10.0
(Source; NBC)
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12. GuidelinesGuidelinesforforOpenOpenAreasAreas
•Everyroom,habitedbypeople,shouldopenintoanexteriororinterior
openspaceorverandah.
•OpenspacesshouldbecountedintheFAR,asperthemasterplan.
•Theseareasshouldbefreeoferectionsofanykind,exceptcornice,
chajjaorweathershadethatisnotmorethan0.75meterswide.
•Everyinteriororexteriororairspaceshouldbemaintainedforthe
benefitofsuchbuildingexclusivelyandshallbeentirelywithinthe
owner’sownpremises.owner’sownpremises.
NBCNBCguidelinesguidelinesregardingregardingfirefiresafetysafety
Inlarge-sizedbuildingswhereaccidentsduetofiremaynotbeeasily
noticed,automaticfiredetectionandalarmfacilitiesareamustand
shouldbeprovided.Notjustthis,suchbuildingsshouldbeprovidedwith
andprotectedbyfireextinguishers,wetrisers,automaticsprinkler
installations,etc.Theseshallbeinaccordancewiththesetstandards.
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13. RESIDENTIALBUILDINGS(A)
•ForLodgingorRoomingHouses,FireExtinguisher,hosereel,automatic
sprinklersystem,aterracetankof5000litresto10000litresshouldbe
installed.
•Foroneortwofamilyprivatedwellingsnoneofthesearerequired.
•Fordormsandapartmenthouses,installationoffireextinguisher,hose
reel,automaticsprinklersystem,andterracetankrangingfrom5000Lto
Minimum Requirements for Fire Fighting InstallationsMinimum Requirements for Fire Fighting Installations
reel,automaticsprinklersystem,andterracetankrangingfrom5000Lto
25000Laccordingtothebuildingheightisrequired.
•Fordormsandapartments,thebuildingsabove35mrequireswetriser,
manuallyoperatedelectricfirealarmsystemandanundergroundstatic
waterstoragetankinstallation.
•Inresidentialhotels,installationoffireextinguisher,hosereel,wet
riser,yardhydrant,automaticsprinklersystem,manuallyoperated
electricfirealarmsystem,undergroundstaticwaterstoragetank
installation,andterracetankrangingfrom5000Lto20000L.
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14. EDUCATIONALBUILDINGS(B)
ForGroundplusonestoreybuildingsandgroundplus2ormorestorey
buildingsinstallationoffireextinguisher,hosereel,automaticsprinkler
systemandterracetanksrangingfrom5000Lto25000Lismandatory.
INSTITUTIONALBUILDINGS(C)
ForHospitals,SanatoriaandNursingHomesinstallationoffireextinguisher,
hosereel,automaticsprinklersystem,manuallyoperatedelectricfirealarm
systemandterracetankrangingfrom2500to20000L.
HAZARDOUS BUILDINGS (J)HAZARDOUS BUILDINGS (J)
•For Single storey buildings fire extinguisher, hose reel, yard hydrant,
automatic sprinkler system, manually operated electric fire alarm system,
Automatic Detection and Alarm System ,Underground Static Water Storage
Tank is required to be installed.
•For more than one floor building fire extinguisher, hose reel, wet riser, down
comer, yard hydrant, automatic sprinkler system, manually operated electric
fire alarm system, Automatic Detection and Alarm System , Underground Static
Water Storage Tank and terrace tank of 50000 L is required to be installed.
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15. (Some fire fighting installations) 33. . Land Acquisition ActLand Acquisition Act
Landacquisitionis the power of the union or a state government in India
toacquireprivatelandfor the purpose of industrialization, development of
infrastructural facilities or urbanization of the privateland, and to
compensate the affectedlandowners for their rehabilitation and
resettlement.
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16. 4. 4. Zoning regulationsZoning regulations
The purpose ofzoningis to allow local and national authorities to
regulate and control land and property markets to ensure
complementary uses.Zoningcan also provide the opportunity to
stimulate or slow down development in specific areas.
Advantages of zoningAdvantages of zoning
Zoning enforces many restrictions like height limitations, space
requirement, building size, and other development standards. These
restrictions and standards help prevent overcrowding in the specified
area by limiting the amount and sizes of structures and parcels.
Zoning protects existing property values by preventing incompatible
uses of a property. For example, a bar would not be allowed near an
elementary school
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17. Zoning checks buildings from being built too close to each other.
Zoning protects recreational areas and allows for more open spaces
in the neighborhood.
Zoning has aesthetic values in its aim to enhance the beauty of a
community by requiring landscaping, buffers, and parking lot
improvements.
55. . Slum Clearance ActSlum Clearance Act
Slum clearance,slumeviction orslumremovalis an urban renewal Slum clearance,slumeviction orslumremovalis an urban renewal
strategy used to transform low income settlements with poor reputation
into another type of development or housing.
6. 6. Periphery control ActPeriphery control Act
An Act to control and regulate the Periphery of [the territories which
immediately before the 1st November, 1966, comprised the new Capital]
the State of Punjab.
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18. URMIKANT MANINANDAN SAHU