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1. (OLD TEMPLE 1880)
FUTURISTIC APPROACHES
FOR
DISASTER MITIGATION
(RECENT SECENERIO)

2. The Relationship Between
Disasters and Development
Development
can increase
vulnerability
Development
can reduce
vulnerability
Disaster
can provide
development
opportunities
Disaster can
set back
development

3. Disasters in India – who is Disasters in India – who is
vulnerable ?vulnerable ?
Poor Middle Rich
60
40
20
0
Av. Population (in million)
affected by natural
disasters each year

4. Men
Women
and
children
vulnerability
E
x
p
o
s
u
r
e

5. We Have Not Learnt From The Past
QUESTIONS
 •

WAS THERE ANY WEATHER ALARM ANNOUCED ?

•

WHY SO MANY TOURISTS WERE ALLOWED TO
GO TO SUCH FRAGILE ZONE IN ONE GO ?
•

WERE WE PREPARED IN ANY OF THE FRONT TO
COMBAT THE SITUATION ?

6. UNORGANISED PLANNING AND OVER
EXPLOITATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
•Increased
developmental activities and biotic
pressures
in watersheds
•Enhanced
fragility of the slopes
•Enhanced
soil erosion and landslides
•Depletion
of biomass and natural water sources
•Dwindling
agricultural productivity
•Frequent
flash floods.
Infrastructure Collapse & Erosion of Hill Economy
LEADING TOWARDS POVERTY
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

7. Threatened Livelihood
Innocent but ignorant
Exhausted
Helpless
Ultimate Sufferers;
Future Generation

8. VULNERABLE COMMUNITIES;
Destroying
future and fortune of the children and
women
who are most vulnerable ones in the event of
disaster
either as victim or dependence.
Adolescents
and children, the real messenger to
propagate
the precaution and preparedness.
KEDRANATH DISASTER IS VINTAGE POINT, THE
HIMALAYA (UTTRAKHAND) MAY WITNESS
MANY MORE IN FUTURE

9. •

Training
Need Analysis
•Augmentation
of natural
resource

•

Livelihood
support option

•
 
Training
on disaster
management
practices
• Ecological
and Economical
Rehabilitation
• Planning,
implementation
and
monitoring
Database creation at
village level
Resource Development
Equipped Community
to Combat Disaster in
Future
House, Agriculture,
Horticulture etc.
With people’s
Participation
POSSIBLE REMEDIAL MEASURES
Vulnerability and
Assessment

10. OBJCTIVES
Orient
and Sensitize all Factions of Community.
Awareness
,Networking, Coordination and Capacity
Building
(Trainings).
Database
Creation on Community Level.
Use
of Socio-Techno Inputs for Common Future.
Equipped
Villagers to Face Disastrous Situations.

Community
based Disaster Management and Mitigation.

11. FUTURISTIC APPROACHES
•Principal Stake Holders:
•State;
policy initiatives.
•District
Administration and NGO’s as facilitator
and
initiators
•Gram
Panchayats as end beneficiaries.

12. Target Group for Need Assessment
Panchayat Raj Functionaries along with
Communities of the Villages.
Findings; Based
on TNA the performance problems
were:
identified

STEP 1
CAPACITY BUILDING FOR POVERTY REDUCTTION
THROUGH DISASTER MANAGEMENT
(DFID/DoPT funded project, 2008)

13. Inadequate
capabilities to execute the plans, Lack of
motivation
& skills.
Inadequate
disaster experts at all levels.
Lack
of coordination among various departments at
the
level of preparedness, response, mitigations and
rehabilitations
pertaining to disaster.
On
the basis of above Training Areas and Non-
Training
Areas were identified for future course of action.

14. STEP 2. Village Vulnerability Assessment and Database Creation
PART I
1- Village Name: Revenue Code:
2- Natural Resources:
A- Forest: Area Type Species Status

B-

Water:
No. Of drainage, Type of tributary/River, Perennial/ seasonal,
status

C- Topography: Shape, Rocks, Soil, Nature (Hard/ Soft) , Status



3- Basic Needs:
A- Water: Main source, Safe /Not safe(for drinking ),Supply pattern (Govt./Private) Status(seasonal/perennial ,
No. of sources, Type of sources (Govt./Private)



B Forest:Sources for firewood (source/yearly consumption, Timber yielding species (Sources/Consumption),
Others (cooking gas/kerosene stove/solar equipment etc)



4. Communication system : Types
No. of Telephone (Active/inactive) No. of Mobile (Active/inactive),No. of TV(Active/inactive),No. of
Radios(Active/inactive)

15. Part II-
DISASTER SPECIFIC
History from 1980-onwards
Reason
(Natural/Manmade), Type of event, year of event, Total loss (Male/Female), Children (Male/Female),
Cattle’s (cow, buffalo ,ox, sheep, Goat , Mules, horse, others.



Efforts Made
Govt., Community ,NGO’s , Others.



Probable disaster Location/sites –
Type of disaster , probable loss, disaster prone area, efforts any (meetings/technical)
Survey any(Govt. , Non Govt.), suggestions for disaster mitigation .



1.Source of Information:
2.Methodology used for Data Collection:
3. Cross Verification/Data Validation:
Signature with stamp Signature with stamp Signature with stamp

MMD Patwari Gram
Pradhan

16. VILLAGE LEVEL MAPPING
For
DATABASE GENERATION
And
PREPARATION OF ACTION
PLAN
STEP 3

18. SENSITIZATION AND COMMUNITY MAPPING

20. VILLAGE LEVEL (1:10,000 scale)
1.Outline Map of the Village Patherkot, District Almora.
2.Resource Map of Village Patherkot, District Almora.
3.Resource Development Planning Map of Village Patherkot, District Almora

21. VILLAGE LEVEL (1:10,000 scale)

22. Earth
quake resistant
construction
and Training at
Village
and Panchayat level
for
first aid and rescue relief
STEP 4

23. EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION
Plan of Kankradi Village Uttarkashi
Estimate year 2007-08
Earthquake Resistant House
Activity Inside

24. RESCUE AND RELIEF TRAINING, UTTARKASHI TRAINING AT HAI, MUSSOORIE

25. 350 years old
house in
Uttarkashi
Area
This house is dated using radiocarbon method the
age obtained is 350 years indicating that traditional
technology in the past took care about earthquake.
FEROL(Raithal village)
That means this house stood many earthquakes
including 1803 earthquake indicating that traditional
technology had all the ingredients towards
earthquake engineering. This does not mean we
should not use the modern technology. However
considering the socio-economic condition of hill
people, it is good that we try to blend the tradition
with modern know how.
USE OF INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE
(FEROL)
STEP 3

26. FUTURE CHALLENGES
 Regular
Risk Assessment & database generation .
Planning
and Management
at
Village Level
.
 Real
Impact studies
on
Vicinity After Disaster
.
 Desertification
of Mountains ( CAD Planning).
Effective
Communication System
 Use
of Information System
 Regular
Drill at Community Level.
Proper
Attention on Environmental Laws.
Cont..
REVIEW
OF PAST PERFORMANCE

27. Comprehensive
Studies on
River
Valley Systems
.


Impact
Studies and Monitoring of
Hydropower
Projects
.
 Moraine
dammed lakes may cause flash floods.
Glacial

lake
Out burst (GLOB) is major concern in disaster
management
in Uttarakhand.
 This
is likely to continue and become worse-unless we
change
our policy, Planning and actions on
environment
and
development.

28.  In
a developing country like India we still do not have

sustainable
human settlements
and
adequate shelter for
all.

 We
still lack
planning in
many areas of specific action.
We
have less idea about inaccessible areas
require

continuous
monitoring using remote sensing and GIS.

29. If Performing or Not
-------- of disaster management at all levels.
---------- of mitigation planning
------- of communication networking and dissemination of
information among districts.
--------- of relief, resources, manpower and duty
delegations.
----------of Coordination with State, District Administration &
Community

HUGE SAFETY or LOSS OF LIFE & PROPERTY
OBSERVATIONS
(One can prefix the words like; Lack or Preparedness)

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31. Our
dream is to build a
disaster free
Uttarakhand
BY: Dr. Suneet Naithani, Doon University
email: [email protected]

33. RESPONSE STRUCTURE DURING WARNING STAGE

Meteorology Dept, Industries Divisional
Irrigation, Police, Fire Brigade Commissioner
Health

Warning Warning
EOG


Warning Report of Occurrence
CMO, Police Warning
Irrigation, Industry
Report of District Magistrate Warning/
Occurrence DEOG Report of Occurrence

Coordination Public information Media
Report on preparedness


Supt. of Police &
Supporting NGOs
Fire Brigade/Home
Guards &
Supporting NGO
Executive Engineer
PWD/Irrigation &
Supporting NGOs
SDMs, Tahsildars &
Supporting NGOs
Medical Officer &
Supporting NGOs
Executive Engineer
SEB & Supporting
NGOs
Standby Standby Standby & Alert Standby Standby Standby & Alert
Coordoning of area Evacuation Law & order
Evacuation Local area warning
Traffic Management
Law & order

34. RESPONSE STRUCTURE ON OCCURRENCE OF DISASTER


International Aid Agencies Chief Secretary/Commissioner Defence,Railways & Others
Disaster Management/EOC


All Ministries/Departments of Government of Uttaranchal State levelNGOs



DISTRICT DISASTER MANAGEMENT OFFICER (DISTRICT MAGISTRATE)/DCR



Revenue
(1)
Police
(2)
Health
(3)
ZP/MC
(4)
PWD
(5)
Irrigation
(6)
Forest
(7)
RTO
(8)
Industry
(9)
DSO
(10)
SEB/JS
(11)
P & T
(12)
Lead
NGO
(13)

SDM/Tehsildar/SOC
Activities Departments involved
Search & Rescue 1 2 3 6 5 FireBrig 13 DITs
Medical Aid (treatment & transfer) 1 3 13 DITs 3 8
Disposal of dead (retrieval, panchama, autoposy) 1 2 3 7 13 DITs
Temporary shelters 1 2 4 5 13
Relief activities (food, water,gratituous relief) 1 10 13 DITs 8
Health & sanitation 1 3 4 13 DITs
Carcass disposal 1 4 3 13 DITs
Infrastructure restoration 5 11 11 12 9
Cattle camps 1 4 8

35. District
Response Plan


A
District Response Plan will essentially focus on: lmergency
warning
& dissemination
•Rapid
damage assessment & reporting
•Incident command system
•Search
& rescue
•Medical
response
•Logistic
arrangements
•Communications
•Temporary
shelter management
•Free
kitchen/ food management
•Law
& order
•Management
of deceased
•NGOs
& Voluntary organizations

36. Key
features of a Crisis
•Low
probability
•High
impact
•Uncertain/ambiguous
causes and effects
•Differential
perception
s
High
level threats:
•Safety
•Health
•Environment
•National
security