Difference between organic and inorganic compounds

Laboratory Activity No. 1

1. Difference between Organic and Inorganic Compounds Activity No. 1

2. Project analysis slide 3 Objectives To sharpen powers of observation. To classify compounds as organic or inorganic on the basis of observations of chemical and physical properties. To review the relationships between molecular structure and chemical and physical properties .

3. Project analysis slide 3 Introduction Organic compounds are molecules associated with living organisms. These includes carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins, enzyme, and hydrocarbon fuels. While the Inorganic compounds are compounds which do not have contain carbon and are not derived from living matter or organisms.

4. Project analysis slide 3 Materials Bunsen burner Graduated cylinder Crucible tong Microscope Blue & Red litmus paper Glass slide, cover slip Evaporating dish Beam balance

5. Project analysis slide 3 To sharpen powers of observation. To classify compounds as organic or inorganic on the basis of observations of chemical and physical properties. Substances

6. Procedure: Prepared a slide containing each compound provided, hold it in place with the clips . Focus under LPO/HPO. Observed the Physical characteristics/ appearances of each substance. List down all the observation. Microscopy

7. Project analysis slide 3 Solutes To sharpen powers of observation. To classify compounds as organic or inorganic on the basis of observations of chemical and physical properties.

8. Project analysis slide 3 Physical Characteristics To sharpen powers of observation. To classify compounds as organic or inorganic on the basis of observations of chemical and physical properties. NaCl Salt crystals are c ube shape like. C 12 H 22 O 11 Sugar crystals look a bit like hexagonal pillars (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 Ammonium sulfate crystals seems like hexagonal. KI Potassium iodide has cubical crystals. Na 2 CO 3 Sodium carbonate crystal s are monoclinic

9. Connect Bunsen burner to a rubber tubing, turn on the gas valve and immediately light the match and slowly put in on the mouth of the Bunsen burner. Adjust the flame until the clear blue flame appeared. On the separate watch glass, put a compound that belongs into liquid form, place the evaporating dish on the Bunsen burner, heat slowly over the low flame and observed what will happen. Do the same with the solid substances. List the changes happen. Ignition

10. Potassium iodide KI Sodium Carbonate Na 2 CO 3 Ammonium sulfate (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 Salt NaCl Sugar C 12 H 22 O 11 Produced a yellow flame. Produced a yellow flame. Non-flammable. Non-combustion. Produced a bright yellow color to the flame. Burns up instantly. Oxidizes Caramelized Solutes

11. Benzene C 6 H 6 Acetic Acid CH 3 COOH Toluene C 7 H 8 Ethyl Alcohol C 2 H 5 OH Flammable Produce carbon dioxide and methane. Flammable Produce carbon dioxide and water Solvent

12. Procedure: Add 3 mL of water from the graduated cylinder and a small amount of solute in the test tube Tap the tube with your finger to mix or stir gently with a glass stirring rod. Record the sample as  soluble  or insoluble.  Do the same with benzene. List your observation. Solubility

13. Project analysis slide 3 Solubility in Water To sharpen powers of observation. To classify compounds as organic or inorganic on the basis of observations of chemical and physical properties. NaCl + H 2 O KI + H 2 O Na 2 CO 3 + H 2 O C 12 H 22 O 11 + H 2 O C 6 H 6 + NaCl + H 2 O Soluble in water Soluble in water Soluble in water Soluble in water

14. Project analysis slide 3 Solubility in Benzene To sharpen powers of observation. To classify compounds as organic or inorganic on the basis of observations of chemical and physical properties. Na 2 CO 3 + C 6 H 6 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 + C 6 H 6 KI + C 6 H 6 C 12 H 22 O 11 + C 6 H 6 Soluble in Benzene Insoluble in Benzene

15. Reaction in Litmus Paper (Acid or Base) Procedure: Prepare an evaporating dish, add the solvents – Toluene, Ethanol, Acetic acid, and Benzene. Prepare in blue and red litmus paper. Dip the two litmus paper in evaporating dish that contains solvent. Observe changes. If the Red Litmus paper turns Blue, it is Base, If the Blue Litmus paper turns Red, it is acid.

16. Project analysis slide 3 Reaction in Litmus Paper To sharpen powers of observation. To classify compounds as organic or inorganic on the basis of observations of chemical and physical properties.

17. Project analysis slide 3 Results and Observations To sharpen powers of observation. To classify compounds as organic or inorganic on the basis of observations of chemical and physical properties. Observations Table Salt Sugar Sodium Carbonate Potassium iodide Ammonium sulfate I. STRUCTURE

18. Project analysis slide 3 Results and Observations To sharpen powers of observation. To classify compounds as organic or inorganic on the basis of observations of chemical and physical properties. Observations Potassium iodide Sodium Carbonate Ammonium sulfate Salt Sugar II. IGNITION Observations Benzene Acetic Acid Pure toluene Ethyl Alcohol

19. Project analysis slide 3 Results and Observations To sharpen powers of observation. To classify compounds as organic or inorganic on the basis of observations of chemical and physical properties. III. SOLUBILITY NaCl + H 2 O KI + H 2 O Na 2 CO 3 + H 2 O C 12 H 22 O 11 + H 2 O C 6 H 6 + NaCl + H 2 O Soluble in water Soluble in water Soluble in water Soluble in water Na 2 CO 3 + C 6 H 6 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 + C 6 H 6 KI + C 6 H 6 C 12 H 22 O 11 + C 6 H 6 Soluble in Benzene Insoluble in Benzene

20. Project analysis slide 3 Results and Observations To sharpen powers of observation. To classify compounds as organic or inorganic on the basis of observations of chemical and physical properties. III. REACTION IN LITMUS PAPER Observations Ethanol Toluene Benzene Acetic Acid

21. Thank You