DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRANSPORT LAYER PROTOCOLS

In this PPT , transport layer protocols are described and explained in simple way with diagrams.

1. DIFFERENT TYPES OF
TRANSPORT LAYER
PROTOCOLS
Prepared by : Supriyo Dana
University Roll no : 34200123067
Paper Name : Computer Networks;
paper code: PCC-CS602
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Future Institute Of Technology
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2. INTRODUCTION
Protocol is a set of rules, that govern data communication, it
is basically an agreement between two communicating
devices or nodes.
Transport layer responsible for delivery of message from one
process to another. Process to process means: It is not just a
source to destination delivery i.e from one computer to
another. It is a delivery from a specific process on one
computer to a specific process on the other.
Transport layer protocol can be either connection oriented or
connection less.
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3. MAJOR TRANSPORT LAYER PROTOCOLS
Transmission Control Protocol
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CONNECTIONLESS
PROTOCOL
User Datagram Protocol
CONNECTION-ORIENTED
PROTOCOL
Another Connection Oriented Protocol is
SCTP ( Stream Control Transport Protocol ) -
Designed for Multimedia Application.

4. It establishes a connection with the transport layer at the destination machine first before delivering the
packets. After all the data is transferred, the connection is terminated.
It provides a reliable connection and protected data transmission between the connected machines over a
network.
TCP sends the data from one device to the other in the form of data blocks. It ensures ordered delivery of
data blocks.
It is slow in data transmission but has more functionalities such as flow control, error control, and
congestion control in the system.
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Features of TCP
Three-way handshake (SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK) for connection
establishment.
Flow control (uses sliding window mechanism).
Error detection and retransmission (using acknowledgment).
Used in: Web browsing (HTTP, HTTPS), Email (SMTP, IMAP, POP3), File
Transfer (FTP).

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6. In UDP each segment is treated as an independent packet and delivers it to the transport layer at the
destination machine.
The packets are not numbered; they may be delayed or lost or may arrive out of sequence. There is no
acknowledgement either.
It provides quick transmission of data between the connected machines over a network. There is no
overhead of creating, maintaining, and terminating a connection in UDP.
It is mainly used to transmit real-time data where we cannot afford any transmission delays. UDP sends the
data from one device to the other in the form of continuous data streams.
Features of UDP No connection establishment (less overhead).
No error recovery, retransmission, or acknowledgment.
Used in: Online gaming, video streaming, VoIP, DNS.
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8. THANK YOU
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REFERENCES
Data Communications and Networking - Forouzan
Pearson Computer Networking 8e
Networking All-in-One for Dummies, -Doug Lowe