Digital Health Assignment 2 Slides (1).pptx

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1. By Group 1A ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS

2. Introduction & Evolution of health records Key components of EHRs Benefits of EHRs Challenges and Limitations of EHRs EHR systems in use (examples, case studies or differences in use across hospitals) CONTENT

3. OUR TEAM...

4. Systematic documentation of a patient’s medical history and care To ensure continuity of care Supports clinical decisions Enhances communication among providers Important for legal, research, and public health monitoring INTRODUCTION

5. EVOLUTION OF HEALTH RECORDS Paper-Based Records (Pre-20th – Late 20th Century) Handwritten notes by individual physicians Inconsistent, hard to share, easily damaged or lost Rise of standardized paper charts (e.g., SOAP notes) Early Computerization (1960s–1980s) First electronic systems in academic/government settings Limited to specific tasks (e.g., billing, lab results) Systems were not interoperable Adoption hindered by high costs & poor infrastructure Emergence of EHRs (1990s–2000s) Integrated systems: histories, labs, imaging, prescriptions Better legibility, accessibility, and data management Standardization efforts (e.g., HL7, SNOMED CT) for interoperability Modern EHRs & Digital Health (2010s–Present) Government incentives for EHR adoption (e.g., HITECH Act) Cloud-based, interoperable systems Integrated with: Mobile apps & patient portals AI-driven decision support Telemedicine platforms

6. Name, age, gender, race Past illnesses & diagnoses Genetic info Vital signs (e.g., BP, heart rate) Vaccination records, Medications Allergies & chronic diseases Lab test results, Screening tests Social info (job, income) Linked to health apps Patients can add: Activity & sleep data Symptoms Info from devices (e.g., smartwatch) Helps doctors monitor & adjust treatment remotely Physicians can prescribe medications electronically, sending prescriptions directly to pharmacies. Reduces errors, saves time , and supports remote consultations—especially helpful during situations like the COVID-19 pandemic. KEY COMPONENT OF EHR Lab tests can be ordered and viewed within the EHR , with results displayed as charts, tables, or reports. Improves clarity, speeds up decision-making, and enhances collaboration between doctors and patients. Data collection E-Prescribing (eRX) Integrated laboratory interface

7. Enables quick, encrypted communication among healthcare providers. Critical alerts can be sent instantly to on-call teams, improving coordination and ensuring timely intervention EHRs offer built-in reporting features for clinical and operational use: Population Health: Tracks public health trends and vaccine coverage . Administrative Reports: Analyses billing, scheduling, and workflow to improve efficiency and outcomes. User-friendly dashboards provide clear insights into clinical and financial performance. Staff at all levels can access key metrics, helping healthcare facilities make informed, cost-conscious decisions. Smart reporting tools Secure messaging & real time alerts Financial dashboard

8. EHRs with CDS tools improve adherence to clinical guidelines. Help overcome: Lack of clinician knowledge of guidelines Failure to recognize patient eligibility Time constraints during visits Example: Reminders increased flu and pneumococcal vaccine rates from ~0% to 35% & 50%. DVT alerts increased anticoagulation use by 19%, reducing DVT/PE by 41%. BENEFITS OF EHR CLINICAL OUTCOME Increased revenue & reduced costs (e.g., fewer billing errors, less transcription). Better legal/regulatory compliance. Example: CDS in dialysis reduced staff time for anemia management. ORGANIZATIONAL OUTCOMES More accessible patient data → better public health research. Enables disease surveillance & outbreak monitoring. Combines EHR data with OTC sales & school absenteeism for early warning systems. SOCIAL BENEFITS

9. EHRs hold sensitive info (health, biometrics, finances). Data is vulnerable to breaches during storage or transfer. Global laws vary—strict security is essential. CHALLENGES AND LIMITATIONS 1) DATA PRIVACY High initial costs for setup, software, and training Ongoing expenses: maintenance, support, network fees Unplanned costs may arise (e.g., tech failures) Major barrier for smaller healthcare facilities 2) COST OF EHR IMPLEMENTATION Seamless data exchange is crucial for effective care Lack of access to patient history hinders treatment EHRs must be fully accessible—no paper backups Requires constant monitoring and standard updates 3) INTEROPERABILITY

10. An EHR is a more comprehensive report of the patient's overall health , while an EMR is a narrower view of a patient's medical history. According to Definitive Healthcare, Epic EHR and Oracle Health hold the largest share of the acute care hospital EHR market. Based on data from the Atlas Technology Install Dataset and HospitalView, their 2024 examination of inpatient hospitals in the US , market share can be divided as follows: EHR SYSTEM IN USE Epic: 37.7% Oracle Health (Cerner): 21.7% Meditech: 13.2% Evident (CPSI): 9% Altera Digital Health: 3.4% Medhost: 3.3% WellSky: 2.6% Vista: 2.3%