Digital Literacy-ComputerHW_BasicUnderstanding - L1 (1).pptx

digital literacy and what is it

1. Digital Literacy Have the Right Digital Skills to achieve your goals SEC 102 Lecture 3

2. Understanding Computer ENIAC  (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first electronic programmable computer built in between 1941-1943 in US. W orld's first working electromechanical   programmable (Z3) , fully automatic digital computer built by Konrad Zuse in 1938-1941. First  M echanical computer invented

3. Classification of generations of computers Understanding Computer Generations of computers Timeline Key Hardware Second generation 1950s-1960s Transistor based Third generation 1960s-1970s Integrated circuit based Fourth generation 1970s-present Microprocessor based Fifth generation The present and the future Artificial intelligence based

4. How does the Computer Hardware work in PC

5. Reference for Further reading https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/definition/hardware https://youtu.be/vvrdgwDnMQA https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/gadgets-news/indias-ai-supercomputer-airawat-makes-it-to-the-list-of-worlds-100-most-powerful/articleshowprint/100487763.cms

6. Classification based on computing power Understanding Computer Personal Computer (PC) Workstation Minicomputer Mainframe Supercomputer

7. Understanding Computer Types of Computing Analog Computing: Perform operations by continuous physical phenomena, like using the voltage of a circuit. These are used in specialized applications for tasks like scientific simulations. Digital Computing: Processes discrete data represented by binary values (0s and 1s). This is the most common type of computing used in modern devices, such as PCs, smartphones, and servers. Hybrid Computing: Combines features of both analog and digital computers. For example, a hospital's intensive care unit (ICU) monitor uses analog sensors to measure a patient's vital signs and then converts them into digital data for processing and display.

8. Understanding Computer Cloud Computing https://www.spiceworks.com/tech/cloud/articles/what-is-cloud-computing/ Cloud computing refers to the use of hosted services, such as data storage, servers, databases, networking, and software over the internet. The data is stored on physical servers, which are maintained by a cloud service provider. infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) platform-as-a-service (PaaS) and software-as-a-service (SaaS)

9. Computing Accessories and Peripherals Computer hardware includes  Input and output devices ,  CPU ,  RAM ,  SSD  &  HDD ,  Motherboard,  etc. Input device sends the data into the computer system. It allows users to interact with the computer Ex: Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, Scanner, Joystick, etc. Output device is a device used to send data from the computer to the user. In short, it provides output to the user so that the user can communicate with it—for example Monitor, Printer, Speaker, etc. CPU is a Central Processing Unit which is a hardware device that is placed in a motherboard. “Brain of the Computer”. RAM is a “Random Access Memory” hardware device placed within the motherboard. RAM is used to provide the storage to run the application in your computer. It is the primary memory of the computer system. SSD and HDD both are the storage devices of the computer, and it is secondary memory of the computer system. SSD stands for “Solid State Drive” & HDD stands for “Hard Disk Drive”, both are hardware device which is used to provide storage so that the user can easily store anything like: Software, Videos, Images, etc, and so on

10. Overview of Computing Systems and Platforms Input Devices : Used to enter data into the computer. Examples: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Microphone, Webcam, Joystick.

11. Overview of Computing Systems and Platforms Output Devices : Used to display or send information from the computer to the user. Examples: Monitor, Printer, Speakers, Headphones, Projector.

12. Overview of Computing Systems and Platforms Storage Devices : Used to store data permanently or temporarily. Primary Storage (Memory) : - RAM (Random Access Memory) – temporary, volatile. - ROM (Read Only Memory) – permanent, non-volatile. Secondary Storage: - Hard Disk Drive (HDD), Solid State Drive (SSD), Optical Discs (CD/DVD), USB Flash Drives.

13. Overview of Computing Systems and Platforms Central Processing Unit (CPU) : The brain of the computer. Main components: ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): Performs calculations and logical operations. CU (Control Unit): Directs operations of the computer. Registers and Cache: Very fast storage inside the CPU for temporary data.

14. Overview of Computing Systems and Platforms Motherboard and Internal Components : The main circuit board that connects all hardware. Components include : CPU socket RAM slots Expansion slots (for GPU, sound card, network card, etc.) Chipset (manages communication between CPU, memory, and peripherals) Power connectors

15. Overview of Computing Systems and Platforms Networking and Connectivity Devices: - Network Interface Card (NIC) - Wi-Fi adapters - Routers and modems (external but essential) NIC Wi-Fi Adapters Router modem