Directing

Directing Meaning and its characteristics, procedure, principles of directing

1. Directing Asst. Prof. Parasmani Jangid SDJ International College

2. Introduction Directing includes supervision of subordinates, directing them in their path, issuing instruction and orders to them and providing them dynamic leadership by manager. In order to achieve predetermined objectives, it is necessary that subordinates are guided & directed.

3. Meaning “Directing functions involves determining the course, giving orders and instructions and providing the dynamic leadership.” According to Koontz and O'Donnell, “it is the executive function of guiding and overseeing subordinates.” “Directing means to supervise & guide the subordinates.”

4. Characteristics Pervasive function (universal) Continuous process (till the end of business life) Direct supervision (personal contact) Wide scope (not only supervising, guiding but many things to do in it.) (friends, philosopher, guide, supervisor, etc.) Works as co- ordinator (musical band, singing group, dance group, etc.) Motivating factor (encouragement) Managerial function (manager who does all this or executive) Efficient communication (what a director mean by….)

5. Pervasive Function It is performed by all the managers at all the levels of organization viz. top, middle & bottom. Continuous process A manager has to give instructions, direction, guidance to the subordinates continuously. It is not a one time job. The work of teaching never stops. Direct Supervision A manager has not only to issue instructions, guidance & orders but has also to supervise their work. For that he has to be in personal contact with the subordinates.

6. Wide scope Directing is not limited to giving instructions & orders only. A manager has to interpret & explain policies & procedures to subordinates, solve their difficulties, etc. He has to be a friend, guide & supervisor to them. Works as co- ordinator Directing involves getting work done from others which involves a number of persons. So their efforts need to be co- ordinated to achieve the goals of organization. Eg . Orchestra.

7. Motivating Factor A manager has not only to issue instructions, guidance & orders but has also to supervise. He not only supervises but also motivates them to achieve organisational goals. In other words, not punitive but positive methods are used. Managerial function It is a managerial function performed by different personnel like managers, officers, supervisors, etc. at top & middle level & implemented by workers, clerks, etc at the bottom level.

8. Efficient communication To teach a subordinate, guide them & to bring him back from wrong path, an efficient communication system is needed.

9. importance Provide consistency to the efforts of subordinates Evaluation of work & workers is made possible Helps in overcoming difficulties , barriers, conflicts & obstruction Overall efficiency is improved Employees are motivated & their morale improves Planning becomes effective Directing makes organization dynamic Brings co-ordination in the efforts of different persons

10. Tools of directing Motivation Leadership communication

11. Guiding principles of directing Harmony of Objectives : In the organization employees & managers both have their own objectives. Employees have objectives of getting maximum salary whereas managers have objective of assuring maximum prosperity of the company. Directing will succeed here only if there is harmony of objectives between them. So the manager should see that along with company’s goals, individual goals of employees are also achieved. Unity of Command : A Subordinate should get orders & instructions from one superior only. If he gets it from 2 bosses, he will get confused, indiscipline, & there will be environment of disorder & chaos.

12. Communication of information : It is through communication only that directing function is carried out. The superior must communicate the guidance, instructions & orders clearly to the subordinates so that they can carry them out efficiently. Direct supervision : It is an important function of directing. The nature of superior-subordinate relationship calls for direct contact of superior with the subordinates in guiding them. It is possible to know their problems only by remaining in touch.

13. Proper Method of Directing : There are 3 methods of directing viz democratic, autocratic & consultative. It is necessary to select proper method. The most desirable method is democratic method where he adopts participative management. Effective Leadership : A manager who can correctly deal with his subordinates can only guide & direct them. He should know their qualities, nature & accordingly deal with them & try to win their trust & confidence.

14. Effective communication : an employee should properly understand what he is required to do. So only orders & instructions are not enough to be communicated but it is necessary to ensure that they have understood it in proper sense. Acceptance of human factor : The fact that human are different from machines & are possessing ego, self-respect, etc should be accepted by a manager. Whereas it is possible to get work done through request, its useless to issue orders.

15. Developing definite policies & procedures : At time clarity of definite policies & procedures is very helpful for directing Follow up : Manager’s work does not end by giving orders & instructions. He has to see whether employees are working properly or not or what problems they are facing.

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