Disaccharide presentation.pptx of Biochemistry

A biochemistry note

1. Department :- Health & A llied Science Sub department :- Paramedical Course :- B.sc(H) A&OTT , B.sc(H) MLT Subject :- Biochemistry Faculty :- Anirban Banerjee

2. Anjali Roy (AJU/240864) Aditi Raj (AJU/241931) Bidyabati T udu (AJU/242115) Pritam Kumar (AJU/241340) Sunny Kumar (AJU/241441) Neha Kumari (AJU/241959) Our team

3. Presentation on Disaccharide

4. Definition :- Disaccharide is a simple sugar made up of two monosaccharide that are joined by a glycosidic bond. Disaccharide are also know as double sugar or bios sugar. Eg :- sucrose, lactose, maltose

5. General formula of disaccharide :- C n (H 2 O)n-1 The disaccharide just like monosaccharide are white crystalline, sweet solids. However, even though they are soluble in water, they are too large to pass through cell membranes.

6. Structure of disaccharide O CH 2 OH CH 2 OH H H H H H H OH OH OH OH OH OH CH 2 OH O O Glucose Fructose Formation of Sucrose

7. Formation of disaccharide Disaccharide are formed when two monosaccharide are joined together and a molecule of water is removed ,a process known as dehydration. For example :- Milk sugar (lactose) it is made up of glucose & galactose Sucrose (sweet) it is mades up of glucose & fructose Maltose

8. Classification O f Disaccharide Disaccharide has classified by two types :- Reducing disaccharide :- these sugar are can donate electron and reduce other compound. They are small carbohydrates with an OH group attached to the anomeric carbon. By donating electron they are act as a reducing agents towards metal salts (copper sulphate to copper oxide). E.g. :- Glucose, fructose, maltose.

9. 2. Non reducing disaccharides :- non reducing sugar that do not have an OH group attached to the anomeric carbon. By the Benedict’s test can detect non reducing sugar. After the detection these sugar has been hydrolysed into monosaccharide. E.g. :- sucrose, cellulose and also Polysaccharide

10. Some example of reducing sugar Glucose :- glucose is a reducing sugar because it has an aldehyde group (-CHO). In alkaline solution, glucose having aldehyde group which allows them to act as a reducing agents. It is also sources of energy. the chemical formula for glucose is C 6 H 12 O 6

11. 2. Fructose :- Fructose is a reducing sugar because it can be oxidised by a week oxidising agents in a basic aqueous solution like Tollen’s reagents. fructose can undergoes the Maillard reaction with cross linking of protein and amino acid. C 6 H 12 O 6

12. Some examples of non reducing sugar Sucrose :- sucrose is a non reducing sugar also known as table sugar. Sucrose is made up of glucose and fructose which are joined together by a glycosidic bond. Sucrose that are lack free aldehyde and ketone. C 12 H 22 O 11