Disaster Guidelines to prevent the sudden event

Disaster management

1. GOVERNEMT COLLEGE OF NURSING RAJNANDGAON SUBJECT: NURSING MANAGEMENT DISASTER MANAGEMENT SUBMITTED TO DR. MRS. UMA SHENDEY PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT O F CHILD HEALTH NURSING GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF NURSING RAJNANDGAON (C.G.) SUBMITTED BY M R S. CHANDRIKA SAHU M.Sc. NURSING 2 ND YEAR GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF NURSING RAJNANDGAON (C.G.)

2. GUIDELINES WHO's "International Health Regulations" (2005). CDC's "Epidemic Intelligence Service" guidelines. WHO's "Epidemic Preparedness and Response" guidelines. UNICEF's "Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies" guidelines. American Academy of Pediatrics' "Disaster Preparedness" guidelines

3. WHO's INTERNATIONAL HELTH REGULATION (IHR)2005 The International Health Regulations (IHR) are a legally binding instrument that sets out the rules and procedures for responding to public health emergencies of international concern. Adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2005,

4. The IHR AIM Prevent and control the spread of diseases across borders Promote global health security. Strengthen international public health infrastructure.

5. Con…. Key aspects of the IHR include: Reporting requirements: Countries must report certain public health events to WHO. Risk assessment: WHO assesses the risk of international spread and declares Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEICs).

6. Con… Core capacities: Countries must develop and maintain core capacities for surveillance, detection and response. Collaboration and information sharing: Countries must collaborate and share information to respond to public health threats..

7. Con… The IHR have been invoked during several global health crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS, and Ebola outbreaks. They play a crucial role in coordinating international responses to public health emergencies.

8. IHR IMPLEMENTATION Meeting the requirements in the IHR is a challenge that requires time, commitment and the willingness to change. The IHR require that all countries have the ability to do the following: Detect:  Make sure surveillance systems can detect acute public health events  in a timely matter.

9. Con… Assess and report:  To assess public health events and report to WHO through their National IHR Focal Point those that may constitute a public health emergency of international concern. Respond:  Respond to public health risks and emergencies. The goal of country implementation is to limit the spread of health risks to neighboring countries and to prevent unwarranted travel and trade restrictions.

10. CDC'S "EPIDEMIC INTELLIGENCE SERVICE" GUIDELINES The Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) is a program within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that focuses on disease detection, investigation, and control. The EIS guidelines provide a framework for investigating and responding to public health outbreaks and emergencies. Here are some key aspects of the EIS guidelines: Investigation protocol: Standardized procedures for investigating outbreaks, including data collection, hypothesis generation, and testing.

11. Con… Disease surveillance: Guidelines for monitoring and tracking disease trends, including case definitions and reporting requirements. Outbreak response: Protocols for responding to outbreaks, including risk assessment, containment strategies, and communication plans. Data analysis: Guidelines for analyzing data to identify trends, risk factors, and transmission patterns.

12. Con… Collaboration and communication: Emphasis on collaboration with local, state, and international partners, as well as clear communication with stakeholders and the public. Training and mentorship: Ongoing training and mentorship for EIS officers to develop expertise in epidemiology and outbreak investigation.

13. Con… The EIS guidelines are used by CDC investigators, as well as state and local health departments, to respond to a wide range of public health threats, including infectious diseases, environmental health hazards, and bioterrorism threats.

14. WHO'S "EPIDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE" GUIDELINES The World Health Organization's (WHO) "Epidemic Preparedness and Response" guidelines provide a framework for countries to prepare for and respond to epidemics. Key aspects include: Risk assessment: Identifying and evaluating potential health threats. Surveillance: Establishing systems to detect and monitor health events.

15. Con… Preparedness planning: Developing plans, protocols, and infrastructure for rapid response. Outbreak detection and notification: Quickly identifying and reporting outbreaks. Response operations: Coordinating response efforts, including contact tracing, vaccination, and containment measures.

16. Con… Communication and coordination: Ensuring clear communication and collaboration among stakeholders. Logistics and supply management: Managing resources, equipment, and supplies. Workforce development: Building capacity and training healthcare workers.

17. Con… Community engagement: Educating and engaging communities in prevention and response efforts. Monitoring and evaluation: Continuously assessing and improving preparedness and response efforts. These guidelines help countries develop robust systems to prevent, detect and respond to epidemics, ultimately protecting public health and reducing the impact of outbreaks.

18. UNICEF’S INFANT AND YOUNG CHILD FEEDING IN EMERGENCIES GUIDELINES UNICEF's "Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies" guidelines provide critical guidance on how to support optimal infant and young child feeding practices during emergencies. Key Principles: Breastfeeding is the best option for infants under 6 months. Complementary foods should be introduced at 6 months, while continuing breastfeeding. Infants and young children have the right to adequate nutrition.

19. Emergency Response Assess the situation and identify feeding needs. Support breastfeeding and provide lactation support. Provide safe and nutritious complementary foods. Ensure access to clean water and sanitation. Monitor and respond to malnutrition.

20. Specific Guidance For 0-6 months: Promote exclusive breastfeeding. For 6-24 months: Support continued breastfeeding and introduce complementary foods. For children with severe acute malnutrition: Provide therapeutic milks and foods.

21. Programmatic Actions Establish a coordination mechanism for infant and young child feeding. Provide training and capacity-building for health workers. Ensure availability of essential supplies (e.g., breast milk substitutes, complementary foods). Support community-based initiatives and mother-to-mother support groups.

22. Monitoring and Evaluation Track feeding practices and malnutrition rates. Monitor program coverage and quality. Evaluate program effectiveness and adapt strategies as needed. These guidelines aim to ensure that infants and young children receive optimal nutrition during emergencies, reducing the risk of malnutrition, illness, and death.

23. AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS (AAP)DISASTER PREPAREDNESS GUIDELINES The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) provides guidelines for disaster preparedness to ensure the health and safety of children. Here are some key points:

24. Preparation Create a family emergency plan. Identify safe zones and evacuation routes. Stock an emergency kit with essential supplies (e.g., food, water, first aid). Stay informed about weather and emergency alerts.

25. Children's Needs Consider children's unique needs (e.g., diapers, formula, medications). Ensure access to essential medications and equipment (e.g., inhalers, wheelchairs). Plan for children's emotional and psychological support.

26. Evacuation and Shelter Identify safe evacuation routes and shelters. Ensure children's safety during transport (e.g., car seats, seatbelts). Provide comfort items (e.g., favorite toys, blankets).

27. Health and Hygiene Ensure access to clean water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities. Provide first aid and basic medical care. Manage chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes, asthma).

28. Communication Stay informed through reliable sources (e.g., news, emergency alerts). Establish a communication plan for separated family members. Provide emotional support and reassurance.

29. Pediatric-Specific Considerations Newborn care (e.g., breastfeeding support, warm clothing). Child development and disability considerations. Pediatric mental health support.

30. THANK YOU