disaster nursing guidenotes for reference only

disaster nursing guidenotes for reference only

1. Disaster nursing PRESENTED BY: MR.TUSHAR KEDAR ASS. LECTURER

2. Topics 1. Meaning of Disaster Nursing 2. Definition of Disaster 3. Types of Disaster 4. Principal of disaster management 5. Disaster Management 6. Role of Nurses in Disaster Nursing 7. International Agencies assist for Disaster Nursing

3. DISASTER ALPHABETICALLY MEANS..  D- DESTRUCTION  I- INCIDENTS  S- SUFFERINGS  A- ADMINISTRATIVE, FINANCIAL FAILURES  S- SENTIMENTS  T- TRAGIDIES  E- ERRUPTION OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES  R-RESEACH PROGRAMME AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION

4. Definition of Disaster  “An occurrence, either natural or manmade that causes human suffering and creates human needs that victims cannot alleviate without assistance. - The American Red Cross.

5. TYPES OF DISASTER Natural disaster Tornados Blizzards Hurricanes Floods Volcanic eruption Earth quacks

6. Man Made disaster Conventional Warfare Pollution Explosions Terrorist attacks Transportation accidents

7. 1.Natural disaster:  Hurricanes  Tornados Tsunami Drought  Floods Mudslides  Earth quacks  Blizzards Volcanic eruption Communicable  Cyclones diseases epidemics

8. Man made disaster  Conventional Warfare  Explosions  Toxic materials  Civil unrest (riots)  Transportation accidents  Fires  Pollution  Terrorist attacks

9. PHASES OF DISASTER-  There are mainly three phases of disaster-  PRE-IMPACT PHASE-  It is the initial phase of disaster. Prior to the actual occurrence a warning is given at the sign of the first possible danger to the community.

10.  IMPACT PHASE-  It occurs when the disaster actually happens. It is the time of enduring hardships or injury and of trying to survive. This is the time when the individuals help neighbours and families at the scene a time of ‘ holding on’ until help arrives. This phase may last for several minutes for example- [after an earthquake, plane crash, or explosion] or for several days or weeks [ for example- in a flood, famine or an epidemic]

11.   POST IMPACT PHASE- Recovery begins during the emergency phase and ends with both the return of normal community order and functioning. This phase can event last for life time for example- victims of atomic bombing of Hiroshima.

12. Principles of Disaster Management 1) prevent the occurrence of disaster whenever possible. • • • • 2) provide first aid to the injured 3) provide definitive medical care 4) disaster management is the responsibility of all sphere of government

13.  5) disaster management should use resources that exist for day-to-day purpose  6) individual are responsible for their own safety  7) disaster management planning should focus on large scale events.  8) disaster management planning should not recognize the different between incident and disaster.

14. Disaster Management There are Three fundamental aspects of Disaster Management 1 . Preparedness phase 2. Response phase 3. Recovery phase 4. Prevention /Mitigation phase

15. 1. Disaster Preparedness Phase Activities prior to a disaster It is an on going multi sectoral activity Example :     Preparedness plans Emergency exercise Training Warning symptoms

16. 2. Disaster Response Phase Activities During a disaster Example:      Search ,rescuer and first aid Field Care Triage Tagging Identification of Dead

17.  Search ,rescuer and first aid : • The most immediate helps comes from the uninjured persons Field Care: • Most injured person converge spontaneously to health facilities. • Bed availability and surgical services should be Maximised. • Provision makes for food and shelter.

18.  Triage: • It is an Rapidly classifying the injured on the basis of their injuries. • Triage is the only approach that can provide maximum benefit to the greatest number of injured in a major disaster situation. • Triage colour coding system: 1. Red colour - Indicates High Priority treatment and transport 2. Yellow colour -Medium priority 3. Green colour -Ambulatory patients 4. Black colour -Dead patients

19. 3. Disaster Recovery phase Activities following a disaster Example:         Provision of supply Transportation Storage Vaccination Nutrition Temporary housing Long medical care Counselling

20. 4. Prevention /Mitigation phase Activities that reduces the effects of disaster Examples:     Improved building codes Reduction and protection of vulnerable population Public education Flood mitigation works

21. The Nursing Role in Disaster Management Assess the Community Diagnose Community Disaster Threats ROLE OF NURSE Evaluate Effectiveness of Disaster Plan Community Disaster Planning Implementation Disaster Plan

22. The Nursing Role in Disaster Management Nurses work in all phases of disaster management. Some of the community disaster strategy for nurses include: 1.Assess the Community: -Is there a current community disaster plan in place? -Previous disaster experiences? - How is the local terrain conductive to disaster formation( hurricanes, tornados, blizzards) - - What are local industry? What personnel are available for disaster interventions? (Nurses,doctors) - What are local agencies and organization? (hospital,schools,Red cross)

23. 2.Diagnose Community Disaster Threats: • Determine actual and potential disaster threats.(eg. toxic waste,explosions,road accidents,hurricanes, tornandos,floods,earthquicks) 3.Community Disaster Planning: • Develop a disaster plan to prevent or deal with identified disaster threats. • Identify a local community communicable system. • Set up of an emergency medical systems and chain for activation.

24. 4.Impliment Disaster plan:  Focus on primary prevention activities to prevent occurrence of man made disaster.  Practice using equipments, obtaining and distributing supplies. 5.Evaluate effectiveness of Disaster plan:  Critically evaluate all aspects of disaster plan and practical drills for speed, effectiveness, gaps and revision.  Evaluate the disaster impact on community and surrounding regions.  Evaluate response of personnel involved in disaster relief efforts.

25. INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES 1.World health organisation(WHO.) 2.UNICEF 3.World Food programme (WFP.) 4.United Nation office for the co-ordination of Humanitarian affairs. 5.Food and agriculture organisation (FAO.) 6.Organisation of America State (OAS.) 7.Cambridge Disaster Emergency Response Agency. 8.Co-operative for American Relief Everywhere(CARE) 9.International committee of Red Cross. 10.International council of Voluntary agency.

26. THANK YOU