Discipline in Social Sciences_Final.pptx

diss lesson 1-3 quarter 1

1. DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCE

2. Objectives: 1. define Social Sciences as the study of the society. distinguish Social Sciences, Natural Sciences and Humanities compare and contrast the various Social Sciences disciplines and their fields, main areas of inquiry and methods trace the historical foundations and social contexts that led to the development of each discipline

3. SOCIETY- came from the Latin word “ societas ” that was derived from the noun “ socius ” meaning comrade, ally, friend, group of people who occupy a particular territory and speak a common language not generally understood by neighboring peoples.

4. Social Science It is concerned about society. It aims at understanding all aspects of society as wen as finding solutions to deal with social problems It is a broad area of knowledge and includes several different disciplines under its domain. The main ones that you need to know at this stage are

5. It refers to all academic disciplines which deal with the man in their social context. - A science which deals with the study of human behavior in its social and cultural context.

6. The social sciences have a critical contribution to make, in helping us understand, imagine, and craft a more sustainable future for all.” - UNESCO Social Science

7. Social Institutions FAMILY ECONOMICS RELIGION EDUCATION STATE

8. IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Help us figure out the complexities of human behaviour and relations as its attempts to solve the aforementioned societal problems Help researchers solve the complexities of human behaviour in order to help alleviate problems and improve human conditions

9. IMPORTANT TERMS DOMAIN – a sphere of knowledge, influence, or activity DISCIPLINE – a particular branch of learning or body of knowledge such as Physics, Sociology and History. EMPIRICISM – the view that all rationally acceptable beliefs or propositions are justifiable or knowable only through experience.

10. The Great Greek Philosopher Aristotle wrote that “man is a social animal”. We are all born and raised in a society. We belong to a particular group, share the same territory, we interact with one another and build a relationship in the hope of pursuing a better life. As a rational animals we use reason in order to satisfy our curiosity and discover the how and why of so many things around us. It is quite obvious that we need to study society in order for us to provide explanation on its workings and to understand a wide array of phenomena that baffles the human mind. This lesson will understand the social sciences, its importance and the difference from the field of natural science.

11. HUMAN KNOWLEDGE Classification of Human Knowledge 1. Natural Sciences (Hard Sciences ) – aims to explain and predict various phenomena in nature such as cellular composition, atomic particles, weather conditions and earthquake patterns. Examples of disciplines under the natural science includes biology, chemistry, earth sciences, and physics .

12. 2. Social Sciences (soft sciences) refer to the study of the foundation, establishment and growth of human society. Disciplines under this knowledge includes: anthropology, psychology, sociology, economics and political science 3. Humanities – a branch of knowledge that tends to humanize human as they express themselves in various forms. This includes art, art history, literature, music, etc.

13. 4. Philosophy –the search for meaning, love of wisdom, and search for absolute truth. This includes Metaphysics (Being) Epistemology (knowledge) Theodicy (God) and Phenomenology (experience and meaning 5. Applied Professions – involves practical application of knowledge drawn-out from other branches, examples include: business, communication, criminal justice, education, journalism, law, social work, counselling, nursing and medicine.

14. SCIENCE – came from the Latin word “ scientia ” meaning knowledge organized in a logical manner and the method by which the knowledge is obtained. a systematized body of knowledge based on facts learned through experiments and observation refers to the different modes or methods of inquiry utilized in order to obtain knowledge Oftentimes, the scientific study related with matter rocks, plants, constellation, motion, the intricacies of human experience such as attitudes, opinions, behaviours, feelings and ideologies among others.

15. Important Characteristic of Science Empirica l – a phenomenon should be observable using the different senses Propositional- things are explained in the form of statements of generalizations. Logical – employs the rules of logic in order to validate inferences Public – ideas are communicated from one scientist to another Problem solving – present rational explanations about unexplained observations Continuous – knowledge is built upon by previous and future research on the subject

16. The Scientific Method 1. Topic – the researcher selects a particular subject matter depending on his or her interest. 2. Problem- the researcher defines the nature of the problem where a theory can be developed along the way, this is the most important phase of inquiry 3. Hypothesis – formulates a general statement of the problem that could give him idea on what data to gather or omit. An idea or theory that is not yet proven but that leads to further discussion 4. Methods of Inquiry and Data gathering – empirical research involving the use of senses and or precision instruments. 5. Analysis – classifying and organizing of data 6. Conclusion – formulation of scientific theory after a thorough analysis of data

17. NATURAL SCIENCE – The study of natural phenomena FORMAL SCIENCE - The study of mathematics and logic SOCIAL SCIENCE – The study of human behavior and societies APPLIED SCIENCE –To apply existing scientific knowledge to develop more practical application like health care, technology or inventions. THE BRANCHES OF SCIENCE

18. The term history comes from the Greek word historia ( an account of one’s inquiries) and shares that etymology with the English word ”story” . History can be seen as the sum total of many things taken together and the spectrum of events occurring in action following in order leading from the past to the present and into the future.

19. Archaeology – A holistic discipline concerned with human, both past and present. Being holistic, anthropologists always keep in mind the biological, linguistic, historic, and cultural aspects of any problem.

20. The science that studies the land, the features, the inhabitant and the phenomena of the Earth. It is generally split into two distinct branches: Physical and Human. geography

21. TWO DISTINCT BRANCHES Physical- geography examines phenomena related to the natural environment: climate, oceans, soils, and the measurement of the earth . Human – geography focuses largely on the built environment and how space is created, viewed and managed by humans as well as the influence humans have on the space they occupy through field as diverse as cultural, geography, transportation, health, military operation and cities.

22. Political Science – The theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis system and political behavior. It is the study of allocation and transfer of power in decision-making , the roles and system of governance including government and international organization, political behavior and public policies.

23. Sociology – Involves groups of people, rather that individuals, and attempts to understand the way people relate to each other and function as a society. It emphasizes society and its origins and developments (social classes, institutions and

24. Demography The study of population and population changes and trends, using resources such as statistics of birth, deaths and disease. It is also interested in the changes over time size, composition and distribution of human population and how these results from the process of fertility, mortality and migration.

25. Anthropology - A holistic discipline concerned with human, both past and present. Being holistic, anthropologists always keep in mind the biological, linguistic, historic, and cultural aspects of any problem.

26. Linguistics Linguistic – study of Language. It deals with the study of particular languages and the search on what general languages have in common.

27. 1 . It is the study of human behavior and societies. a. social science b. formal science c. natural science d. applied science 2. It is the study of mathematic and logic. a. formal science b. social science c. natural science d. applied science 3.It is the study of phenomena a. formal science b. natural science c. social science d. applied science DIRECTIONS: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

28. 4. It is a detailed description of a specific cultural and social group that has become a central piece of the discipline of anthropology. a. applied science b. modernity c. ethnography d. functionalism The concept that deals not only with the shift in the physical and material condition of society but also with the mental and behavioral shifts among people. a. sociology b. psychology c. functionalism d. modernity

29. 1. How did the social science emerge? How does it link to the Natural science? 2. What is the difference between natural science social science and humanities? 3. What is the similarity between natural science and social science? Answer the following :

30. ACTIVITY#1 WORD HUNT : Loop the following words! SOCIETY HOLISTIC HISTORY MIND PEOPLE E E I G H F O R B E E V H G O L I O S L A I I O L E M B O P E T S A I E D E C O M D T Q S C C R I E I N O S T E E T E P N H R T I M B E T Y D A Y I C I N G Y R