DISCOVERING THE HIDDEN GEM OF MODERN & CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTUREpdf

Moder structures start to uncover

1. JIRAH MEDRANO
ARCHI 3F
MODERN & CONTEMPORARY
ARCHITECTURE

2. MODERN ARCHITECTURE
-started in the end of 19th century
-Emerged in the 1920s in Europe and the United
States
-It began as a response by Architects to rapid
technological advances and greater urbanization of
society at the turn of the century.
EMPIRE STATE BUILDING
-Midtown Manhattan, New York City
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTERISTICS
•Simplicity and clarity of forms and elimination
of “unnecessary detail“
•Visual expression of structure
•The related concept of “Truth to materials“
•Use of industrially-produced materials;
adoption of the machine aesthetic

3. -isaphilosophyofarchitecturewhichpromotesharmonybetweenhuman
habitationandthenaturalworld.
-Theterm“Organicarchitecture”wasfirstcreatedbythegreatAmerican
architectFrankLloydWright(1867– 1959), whoisstillthemostfamousdesigner
toworkinthisstyle.
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

4. FALLINGWATERin MillRun, Pennsylvania
-Frank Lloyd Wright, 1937

5. TALIESIN WESTin Scottsdale, Arizona
-Frank Lloyd Wright, 1911

6. -Isastyleofartandarchitecturethatwasmostpopularduring1890–1910,
primarilyinEurope.
-Thisstylewasinspiredbynaturalformsandstructures,notonlyinflowersand
plants,butalsoincurvedlines.
-ThemostfamouspersontoworkinthisstylewasAntoniGaudí,aCatalan
architectwhoseworkcanbeseeninmanyplacesinBarcelona,Spain.
ART NOUVEAU

7. CASA MILÀin Barcelona, Spain
-AntoniGaudí, 1912

8. SAGRADA FAMÍLIAin Barcelona, Spain
-AntoniGaudí, 1883- 2026

9. -TheBauhausoriginatedasaGermanschoolforarchitectureandthearts
foundedbyWalterGropiusin1919.
-Adistinctivestylecharacterizedbyanemphasisonfunction,little
ornamentation,andafusionofbalancedformsandabstractshapes.
Characteristicsincludefunctionalshapes,abstractshapesusedsparinglyfor
décor,simplecolorschemes,holisticdesign,andbasicindustrialmaterialslike
concrete,steel,andglass.
BAUHAUS

10. DESSAU BAUHAUS in Germany
-Walter Gropius, 1926

11. FAGUS FACTORY in Germany
-Walter Gropius, 1911

12. -IsaneclecticartisticanddesignstylethatbeganinParisinthe1920sand
flourishedinternationallythroughoutthe1930s, intotheWorldWarIIera.
-Artdeco'slinearsymmetrywasadistinctdeparturefromtheflowing
asymmetricalorganiccurvesofitspredecessorstyleArtNouveau. Itwas
influencedbymanydifferentstylesoftheearlytwentiethcentury,andalsodrew
inspirationfromancientEgyptianandAztecbuildings.
-WilliamVanAlenwasanAmericanartdecoarchitectwhoknownfordesigning
theiconicChryslerBuildinginNewYorkCity,whichiswidelyregardedasoneof
themostimportantArtDecobuildingsintheworld.
ART DECO

13. ROCKEFELLER CENTER in New York, NY
–Raymond Hood, 1939

14. CHRYSLER BUILDING in New York, US
–William Van Alen, 1930

15. MANILA METROPOLITAN THEATER
in Manila, Philippines
-Juan M. Arellano, 1931

16. THE NICANOR B. REYES SR. HALL OF FEU in Quezon Blvd, Philippines
-Pablo Antonio, 1939

17. -wasamajorarchitecturalstylethatemergedinthe1920sand1930s.Itismore
focusedonefficiencythanondecoration.SkyscrapersintheInternationalstyle
haveasquareorrectangularfootprint,arecoveredwithglasswindowsonthe
outside,andhavefacesat90-degreeangles.
INTERNATIONAL STYLE

18. SEAGRAM BUILDING in New York, NY
–Ludwig Miesvan der Rohe, 1958
AMA PLAZA in Chicago, United States
–Ludwig Miesvan der Rohe, 1972

19. Mid-Centurymodernisanarchitectural,styletakenfrommid-20thcentury
developmentsinmoderndesignfromroughly1933to1965.Thisstylecombines
manyelementsoftheearlierstyles,liketheArtDeco,withcurvedlinesand
symmetry,andcombinesthemwithsomeofthesimplicityoftheInternational
style.
MID-CENTURY MODERN

20. NATIONAL CONGRESS OF BRAZIL Brasília, Brazil –
Oscar Niemeyer – 1957

21. PALÁCIO DA ALVORADA in Brasília, Brazil
–Oscar Niemeyer, 1958

22. -TheMetabolistmovementemergedattheTokyomeetingofthe1960World
DesignConference
-Metabolismwasapost-warJapanesemovementthatinfusedmegastructures
withorganicbiologicalgrowth.InfluencedbyMarxisttheoriesandbiological
processes,agroupofyoungdesignersincludingKiyonoriKikutake,Kisho
KurokawaandFumihikoMakipublishedtheirMetabolismmanifestoin1960,
givingthestylesignificantpublicattention.
-Characteristicsincludemodularity,prefabrication,adaptability,andstrongcore
infrastructures.
METABOLISM

23. NAGAKIN CAPSULE TOWER in Tokyo, Japan
–Kisho Kurokawa, 1970
SHIZUOKA PRESS AND BROADCASTING CENTER
in Tokyo, Japan
–Kenzo Tange, 1967

24. -Brutalismemergedinthe1950s,coinedbyBritisharchitectsAlisonandPeter
Smithson
-Derivedfromthe‘Bétonbrut’(rawconcrete)firstassociatedwithLeCorbusier,
thestyleischaracterizedbymonolithicforms,rigidgeometricstyles,andunusual
shapes.Brutalistbuildings,oftengovernmentprojects,educationalbuildings,or
high-riseapartments,aretypicallycladinroughunfinishedconcrete.
BRUTALISM

25. ROYAL NATIONAL THEATRE inLondon, England
–Denys Lasdun, 1976

26. THE MARSEILLE BUILDING / UNITÉ D’HABITATION DE
MARSEILLE, Marsille, France
–Le Corbusier, 1952

27. CULTURAL CENTER OF THE PHILIPPINES in Pasay, Metro Manila
–Leandro V. Locsin, 1969

28. PHILIPPINE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION CENTER in Pasay, Metro Manila
–Leandro V. Locsin, 1976

29. -Postmodernarchitecturebeganasaninternationalstylethefirstexamplesof
whicharegenerallycitedasbeingfromthe1950sbutdidnotbecomea
movementuntilthelate1970s .InPostmodernarchitecture,thesimple,
functionalshapesofthemoderniststylearereplacedbydiverseaesthetics:styles
collide,formisadoptedforitsownsake,andnewwaysofviewingfamiliarstyles
arefound.
-RobertVenturi,aniconoclasticarchitectoftenconsideredthefatherof
postmodernismwhorejectedsterile,glass-cubestructuresinfavorofan
inclusive,eclecticstylethatembracedcommunityvaluesandatouchofvulgarity
POSTMODERN ARCHITECTURE

30. THE PORTLAND BUILDING in Portland, United State
–Michael Graves, 1982

31. VANNA VENTURI HOUSE in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
–Robert Venturi & John Rauch, 1964

32. -High-techarchitecture,alsoreferredtoasStructuralExpressionismemergedin
the1970s,wasalatemodernstylemergingtechnologyandbuildingdesign.
-Usingadvancesinmaterialandtechnology,thestyleemphasizedtransparency
indesignandconstruction,communicatingthestructureandfunctionofthe
buildingthroughexposedelements.Characteristicsincludeoverhangingfloors,a
lackofinternalstructuralwalls,exposedservicing,andadaptablespaces.
-LedbyarchitectsRichardRogers,NormanFoster,MichaelandPattyHopkins,
NicholasGrimshawandRenzoPiano,high-techarchitecturewasthelastmajor
styleofthe20thcentury.
HIGH-TECH ARCHITECTURE

33. Centre Georges Pompidou inParis, France
–Renzo Piano Building Workshop & Richard Rogers, 1977

34. LLOYD’S OF LONDON BUILDING in London, England
–Richard Rogers, 1986

35. -Thestylecametoprominenceinthe1980s.
-Derivedfrompostmodernism,Deconstructivismischaracterizedbyanabsence
ofharmony,continuity,orsymmetryinbuildings.Deconstructivismoften
manipulatesthesurfaceskinofastructure,creatingnon-rectilinearshapesthat
distortanddislocateelements,henceevokingnotionsofunpredictabilityand
controlledchaos.
-ThekeyproponentsofthedeconstructivismmovementarePeterEisenman,
FrankGehry,ZahaHadid,RemKoolhaas,DanielLibeskind,BernardTschumiand
WolfPrix.
DECONSTRUCTIVISM

36. VITRA DESIGN MUSEUM in Weil am Rhein, Germany
–Frank Gehry, 1989

37. GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM in Bilbao, Spain
–Frank Gehry, 1997

38. OTHER FAMOUS EXAMPLES
OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE

39. EMPIRE STATE BUILDING
-New York, United State
30 ST. MARY AXE (THE GHERKIN)
-London England
BURJ KHALIFA
-Dubai, United Arab Emirates

40. TAIPEI 101
-Taipei, Taiwan
TRANSAMERICA PYRAMID
-San Francisco, California
SPACE NEEDLE
-Seattle, Washington

41. CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE
GALAXY SOHO by ZAHA HADID
-Beijing, China
-thearchitectureofthe21
st
century.
-Nosinglestyleisdominant;contemporary
architectsareworkinginseveraldifferentstyles,
frompostmodernism,high-techarchitectureand
deconstructivismtohighlyconceptualand
expressiveformsanddesigns.
-Contemporaryarchitectureisn’tamovement

42. FORM–tendstodistanceitselffromstraightlinesbyoptingmoreforcurvedlines,instead.
MATERIALS–Itaimsattheuseofnewmaterialsforboththeinteriorandtheexterior.
Traditionalmaterialslikeglass,wood,brick,andmetalsarepreferred.Plantsalsohavetheir
placewithincontemporaryarchitecture,particularlyonroofsandwalls.
WINDOWS-Largerandmoreplentifulwindowsarealsoacharacteristicofcontemporary
architecture.Multipleopeningsandtheiruncommonpositioning,panoramicwindows,window
walls,andskylightshaveallenteredtheplayingfield.
FEATURES OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE

43. BLUE PLANET in Copenhagen, Denmark
-3XN, 2013

44. HEYDAR ALIYEV CULTURAL CENTER in Baku, Azerbaijan
-Zaha Hadid, 2012

45. WALT DISNEY CONCERT HALL in Los Angeles, California
–Frank Gehry, 2003

46. ENVIRONMENTALCONSIDERATIONS-sustainableelementsarerequired.Contemporary
architectureallowsyoutobuildahomethatfarexceedscurrentenvironmentalstandards.
ANIMATEDARCHITECTURE-Sophisticatedexteriorbuildinglighting,projectionsonfacades
thatareoftencapableofinteractingwithpassers-byandwater.
REINFORCEDCONCRETEADVANCES-Reinforcedconcretehasawideusein
contemporaryarchitecture.Itcanbemouldedreinforcedconcreteintoalmostanyshape
imaginable.
FEATURES OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE

47. CCTV HEADQUARTERS in Beijing, China
–Rem Koolhaas(OMA Architecture), 2008

48. CENTRAL LIBRARY in Seattle, Washington
–OMA Architecture, 2004

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