Diseases surveillance in community health nursing.pptx

Surveillance is the process of systematic collection, orderly consolidation and evaluation of pertinent data with prompt dissemination of the results to those who need to know, particularly those who are in a position to take action.
Surveillance is “the ongoing systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential for planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice, closely integrated with the timely dissemination of these data to those who need to know”. The data collection should lead to prevention and control of diseases.
Sources of data may relate directly to disease or to factors influencing disease. Thus they may include (1) mortality and morbidity reports based on death certificates, hospital records, general practice sentinels, or notifications; (2) laboratory diagnoses; (3) outbreak reports; (4) vaccine utilisation–uptake and side effects; (5) sickness absence records; (6) disease determinants such as biological changes in agent, vectors or reservoirs; (7) susceptibility to disease
Active Surveillance:- is surveillance where health worker go to house to house to collect the data as it is done in malaria surveillance.
Passive Surveillance :- is the surveillance where reports are awaited and no attempts are made to seek reports actively from the participants in the system. In this the patients come to the health centre to get treatment when health worker collect the information from patient or collect the sample for investigation. For example in tuberculosis control the sputum sample is collected at the health centre by the health worker or DOTs worker.
Sentinel surveillance:- Surveillance of missing cases.
2004,NOV by MoHFW
Decentralized surveillance system to detect early warning symbols for communicable outbreak.
Objectives:
To strengthen/maintain decentralized laboratory based IT enabled disease surveillance system for epidemic prone diseases to monitor disease trends and to detect and respond to outbreaks in early rising phase through trained Rapid Response Team (RRTs)

1. Surveillance, Integrated disease surveillance project ( IDSP), MOTHER &CHILD TRACKING SYSTEM By:- Sonali Mewar

2. INTRODUCTION Surveillance is the process of systematic collection, orderly consolidation and evaluation of pertinent data with prompt dissemination of the results to those who need to know, particularly those who are in a position to take action. Surveillance is “the ongoing systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential for planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice, closely integrated with the timely dissemination of these data to those who need to know”. The data collection should lead to prevention and control of diseases.

3. SOURCE OF DATA:- Sources of data may relate directly to disease or to factors influencing disease. Thus they may include (1) mortality and morbidity reports based on death certificates, hospital records, general practice sentinels, or notifications; (2) laboratory diagnoses; (3) outbreak reports; (4) vaccine utilisation –uptake and side effects; (5) sickness absence records; (6) disease determinants such as biological changes in agent, vectors or reservoirs; (7) susceptibility to disease

4. TYPES OF SURVEILLANCE:- Active Surveillance:- is surveillance where health worker go to house to house to collect the data as it is done in malaria surveillance. Passive Surveillance :- is the surveillance where reports are awaited and no attempts are made to seek reports actively from the participants in the system. In this the patients come to the health centre to get treatment when health worker collect the information from patient or collect the sample for investigation. For example in tuberculosis control the sputum sample is collected at the health centre by the health worker or DOTs worker. Sentinel surveillance:- Surveillance of missing cases.

5. IDSP (INTEGRATED DISEASES SURVEILLANCE PROJECT) 2004,NOV by MoHFW Decentralized surveillance system to detect early warning symbols for communicable outbreak. Objectives: To strengthen/maintain decentralized laboratory based IT enabled disease surveillance system for epidemic prone diseases to monitor disease trends and to detect and respond to outbreaks in early rising phase through trained Rapid Response Team (RRTs)

6. Programme Components : Integration and decentralization of surveillance activities through establishment of surveillance units at Centre, State and District level. Human Resource Development – Training of State Surveillance Officers, District Surveillance Officers, Rapid Response Team and other Medical and Paramedical staff on principles of disease surveillance. Use of Information Communication Technology for collection, collation, compilation, analysis and dissemination of data. Strengthening of public health laboratories. Inter sectoral Co-ordination for zoonotic diseases

7. Organisation Structure Central Surveillance Unit (CSU):  Integrated administratively and financially with National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Delhi State Surveillance Unit (SSU):  One in each State/UT with a regular officer identified as State Surveillance Officer (SSO). Supported by 7 contractual staff. Con (Vet) added in 2013-14 District Surveillance Unit (DSU):  One in each district with a regular officer as District Surveillance Officer (DSO). Supported by 3 contractual staff

8. Methods of Surveillance

9. FLOW OF INFORMATION PHC/CHC DSU SSU CSU

10. MOTHER & CHILD TRACKING SYSTEM Web based centralized application Lauched in 2009 as a trial. Contain details of Mother (from pregnancy to 42 days after postpartum) and child ( upto 5 year). In 2011 it was converted into mobile based application. Basically helps in identifying MMR & IMR

11. Objectives:- To provide services to mother and child without delayed Registration of Mother and child based on name wise tracking. To provide antenatal and postnatal services To reduce MMR &IMR

12. PROCESS ASHA will identify pregnant women ANM will maintain records Data will be uploaded at PHC/CHC/Block MCTS ID Generation Work plan generation SMS Services to Beneficiaries and health providers will be given. Data validation through call center (Mother and child tracking facilitation centre) Monitoring and Reporting