Disorders of menstruation gynecology.pptx

Menstrual disorders gynecology ppt

1. DISORDERS OF MENSTRUATION

2. There are no of menstrual disorders ranging from heavy painful periods to no periods at all There are many variations in menstrual cycle but women should be concerned when periods come fewer than 21 days or more than 3 months apart, or if they last more than 10 days. Such events may indicate ovulation problem or other medical conditions

3. Dysmenorrhea (painful cramps) Menorrhagia (Heavy bleeding) Amenorhea (absence of menstruation) Oligomenorrhea (light or infrequent menstruation) Pre Menstrual Syndrome Poly Cystic Ovarian Disease

4. DYSMENORRHEA

5. Dysmenorrhea is severe,frequent cramping during menstruation. Pain occur in lower abdomen but can spread to lower back and thighs.

6. PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA Primary dysmenorrhea is the presence of recurrent, crampy, lower abdominal pain that occurs during menstruation in the absence of demarkable disease. Characteristics are Occur at <20yrs of age Suprapubic radiates to back and thigh Usually spasmodic Occurs only in ovulatory cycles

7. SECONDARY DYSMENORRHEA Secondary dysmenorrhea is the recuurent, lower abdominal pain associated with menstruation that occurs in a women with pelvic pathology that accounts for the symptoms. Characteristic are: Occurs several years after menarche Starts 1-2 weeks before menstruation Increases with onset of menstruation Associated with heaviness in pelvis and back ache

8. Clinical Features Uterine cramping Nauses vomiting Fatigue Diarrhea Headache Giddiness

9. Causes of Dysmenorrhea Primary is caused by prostaglandins(PGF2alpha )that are produced in the uterus and cause the uterine muscle to contract Prostaglandin also plays a role in heavy bleeding that causes dysmenorrhea. Secondary dysmenorrhea is caused by no of medical condition. Adenomyosis Endometriosis Chronic pelvic infections Cervical stenosis Leiomyoma uterus Ovarian mass

10. Diagnostic Evaluation History taking Physical Examination Investigations

11. Investigations USG absomen Leiomyoma Endometriosis Adenomyosis Sonosalpingography Intra uterine lesions Mullarian anomalies Laproscopy Endometriosis Chronic PID