Distribution system 23092025........pptx

Distribution pipeline system for water supply through OHSR

1. DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & RETROFITTING DRINK FROM TAP

2. Types of Distribution Systems Gravity-based system : Water flows from OHSRs Pumped system : Water pumped directly to users Hybrid systems : Combination of gravity and pumping Tree system Grid system

3. Distribution System Design Criteria Based on: Population & future growth (design for 15–30 years) Water demand (55 lpcd ) Elevation & topography Hydraulic design (flow, pressure)

4. MODEL DISTRIBUTION NETWORK SYSTEM

5. MWL LWL STATIC LEVEL H.G.L design D G.L. H f H res 8 h supply q design = (3*Q average) L O.P S.P Frictional Loss

6. MWL LWL STATIC LEVEL H.G.L Design D G.L. H f H res At 2hr supply q actual = 12*(Q average) L O.P S.P Actual Frictional Loss= H.G.L Actual H f actual

7. Pipe line for Required water Quantity Gravity Mains approximate dia = 0.6(lpm)^0.5-(in cm) Frictional losses = 1.1x(607980xlpm^1.81)/((D)^4.81), D-in MM Pumping Mains approximate dia = 0.76(lpm)^0.46-(in cm) Water hammer head = Cxlpm - in M. Total head, Head losses, HGL, Residual head

8. Problems faced in water supply distribution system Wastage of water through Leakage, Inadequate pressures at tail ends of the distribution system Degradation of quality of water, Reduction in carrying capacity due to scale formations. Non closure of Taps

9. Pipe lines under the drains, in the drain, under the roads Taps in abandoned houses, pit taps, cess pools around taps, valves, scheme areas, service reservoirs Awareness among DWSC members, Women groups,Children and use of FTKs Water crisis Management: Keeping all the Handpumps, MPWS, PWS in working condition, Alerts in WhatsApp groups, Hygienic water collection and storage practices in the households. Keeping the solid waste and dung disposal sites away from water collection areas, Periodical cleaning of Reservoirs etc

10. Reasons for Inadequate pressures at the tail ends of the distribution system The system is operated as an intermittent system for a period of 1 to 8 hours only In certain towns supply is in alternative days for very short duration i.e., one to two hours Actual flow in the system is much larger than the design flow; hence more frictional loss resulting reduced pressure at the tail ends

11. Solution to maintain adequate pressures at all points of the distribution system At the design stage Assume at the design stage itself the method of distribution. If it is an intermittent system, assume the exact duration of supply Compute the correct peak discharge and design the distribution main to that discharge At the operation stage Periodically flush the pipeline to prevent the scale formations. Closure of Taps after getting required water

12. Types of Pipes used in Water Supply 1. Asbestos (AC) Pipes 2. Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) Pipes 3. High Density Polyethelene (HDPE) pipes 4. Poly Vynl Chloride Pipes (PVC) Pipes Ductile Iron Pipes (DI Pipes) Bar Wrapped Steel Cylinder (BWSC) pipes Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic (GRP) pipes Galvanized Iron (GI) Pipes Cast Iron (CI) Pipes Mild Steel (MS) Pipes

13. Waste water in Chambers and outlets

14. DEFECTS IN DISTRIBUTION PIPE LINE

15. Jointing of HDPE pipe lines

16. Pressure testing of pipe lines

17. Gate Valves (Sluice valves / Butterfly valves) For pipes > 300mm dia valve size is two thirds of the pipe size For pipelines upto 300mm dia same size of the Gate valve used. One sluice valve/Butterfly valve placed on every branch line DI soft seated sluice valves have to be utilized for 100% leak proof. The following valves are also will be utilized in CPWS schemes Scour valves ,Air valves ,Non return valves ,Air cushion valves ,pressure relief valves and Zero velocity valves .

18. Air Relief Valve Code Adopted : IS 14845(2000)

19. DI VALVES

20. Type of Air Valves a Single air valve Small orifice type S 1 Large orifice type S 2 b Double air valve Standard type with in-built isolating valve DS 1 Standard type with out in-built isolating valve DS 2 c Kinetic air valve Kinetic air valve DK

21. Commonly adopted size of Air valves Size of Main mm Type of Valve Size of Air Valve mm 80 100 125-200 250-350 400-500 600-900 1000-1200 Single Air Valve Double Air Valve Double Air Valve Double Air Valve Double Air Valve Double Air Valve Double Air Valve 20 40 50 80 100 150 200

22. Sluice Valve Code :IS 14826(2000)

23. Reflux(Non-Return) Valve Code Adopted : IS 5312(2004)

24. Air valve on pipe line

25. sluice valve leakage

26. RETROFITTING Retrofitting aims to upgrade older, often inefficient water supply to meet new standards to every rural household. This process includes installing new pipes, ensuring the system to deliver the required quantity and quality of water.

27. Community Involvement : The mission emphasizes the planning, implementation, and management of water supply systems by local communities and GPs, promoting community ownership and long-term sustainability.

28. Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC) What is FHTC? What is purpose ? How do we measure its functionality Are we able to supply 55 LPCD water to all the house holds Are we using standard /QAP approved materials in FHTCs

29. Typical FHTC set Up

30. PP Integrated saddle with SS 316 FCV

31. Functional HOUSEHOLD TAP CONNECTIONS

32. DEFECTS IN FHTCs

33. QUERIES

34. THANK YOU