Drain cleaner project report

Drain cleaner project report

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DRAIN CLEANER MACHINE

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DRAIN CLEANER MACHINE

MAIN PROJECT REPORT

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of degree

of

Bachelor of Technology

in

Mechanical Engineering

Submitted by

AMIT JAISWAL (5808614)

Under the esteemed guidance of

DR. .........................,B.Tech, M.Tech.,Ph.D

Head of Department

Of

Mechanical Engineering


.................................. ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(Affiliated to ...................................... University)

2014-2015

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.NO. TOPIC PAGE NO.
1 CANDIDATE’S DECLARTION 4
2 CERTIFICATE 5
3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 6
4 OBJECTIVE 7
5 ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES 7
6 PERSONAL ENGINEERING
ACTIVITY
8
7 INTRODUCTION 9
8 LITERATURE REVIEW 9
9 COMPONENTS 11

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10 WORKING 19
11 DISTINCTIVE FEATURES 21
12 ADVANTAGES &
DISADVANTAGES
29
13 CONCLUSION 30
14 REFERENCE 30
CANDIDATE’S DECLARTION

I hereby certify that the work which is being presented by Amit Jaiswal, Ajay
Singh Chauhan, Rajeev Kumar, Raman Kumar, Vijay Kumar in partial fulfillment
of requirement for the award of degree of B.Tech. in MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
submitted at KALPI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY under KURUKSHETRA
UNIVERSITY, KURUKSHETRA is an authentic record of my own work carried out
under the supervision of Er. Harish Kumar Sharma (HOD) and Er. Vikas Kunnar.

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Project Member:
Amit Jaiswal [5808614]
Ajay Singh Chauhan [5808615]
Rajeev Kumar [5808608]
Raman Kumar [5808606]
Vijay Kumar [5808613]

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CERTIFICATE


This is certify that the dissertation entitled “ DRAIN CLEANER MACHINE ” by
RAJEEV KUSHWAHA, AMIT JAISWAL, SANDEEP ANAND SHARMA, MANISH KUMAR
TRIVEDI, PERVEZ KHAN,& DIVYANSH submitted to the Department of
mechanical engineering, Kalpi Institute Of Technology, Ambala in the partial
fulfillment of requirement for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Technology in
mechanical engineering is a record of bonafide work done by him under my
supervision and guidance during the session 2014-15. This work has not been
submitted to any other university or institute for the award of any degree or
diploma.



Head of department & project Guide
Mr.........................
Department of mechanical engineering

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT


First of all we would like to thank our project guide Mr. ......................
Assistant Professor, Mechanical engineering Department, Kurukshetra
University who has given valuable support during the course of our
project by clarifying our doubts and guiding us with her novel ideas.

We would like to thank Prof. .........................., Head of department,
mechanical engineering, Kurukshetra University.

We extend our sincere thanks to our Dean ....................................
Department of mechanical engineering for giving us this wonderful
opportunity to work in desired area of interest.

We extend our sincere thanks to all teaching staff of mechanical
engineering department, those who helped us in completing this
project successfully.

Lastly we also thank the people who directly or indirectly gave us
encouragement and support throughout the project.

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Objectives
The main objective of this project is to design a drain cleaner machine to
removing plastic & other waste dump from sewage water by using grids,
sprockets, chain drives, mesh and motor arrangement.

Role and Responsibilities
My roles and responsibilities includes:
 Prepare a requirement document to reach expectations of project and to
come up with functionalities which are needed to be implemented.
 Documentation of expected output for various aspects with accepted
margin error was also documented.
 To design overall system based on workflow requirements.
 Discussion with the project guide and Head of Department on ways to
improve the design and to optimize performance.
 Choosing suitable components and methods based on the configurations
availability and requirements.
 Testing and remedies.
 Recommendations

As a trainee mechanical engineer, I wanted to work on a project work that would
showcase my engineering knowledge. I got the opportunity to work on Drain
Cleaner Machine. This project was very important as it evaluated my skills and
talents in my company.

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PERSONAL ENGINEERING ACTIVITY
As a mechanical engineer, before undertaking any task I checked the feasibility of
the project. In this project, my role is as team members. This report provides an
insight into the drain cleaner machine.
I wanted to know more details of the project before commencing; hence, I
researched the topic thoroughly by referring to journals and articles online.
Additionally, I obtained more information by taking references about the topic.
This project includes set of vertical parallel rods forming filtering screen, grids,
sprockets, chain drives and motor arrangement to removing plastic & other waste
dump from sewage water.

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Introduction
Drain cleaner machine is the system installed in an open canal, river or drainage
passage so that manual extraction of waste to be replaced through it. This helps
us to prevent the spreading of diseases in between humans by manual working in
garbage waste. Plastic & other waste dump & block the flow of water in Canal &
Rivers near the bridges support pillars, so it can extract out from river & canal &
allow the water to flow without any obstacle. Then, may pass through conveyors
to recycling plant.
It is generally used for removing from sewage water mechanical impurities.
Literature Review
Drain cleaner machine includes set of vertical parallel rods forming filtering
screen and it is mounted in frame with possibility of motion. Said rods are
mounted with gaps normally relative to motion direction of liquid flow. Cross
section of grid rods is in the form of wedge with rounded edges of its base turned
towards flow of sewage water. Filtering screen of grid includes separate
interchangeable sections secured to cross rigidity ribs of frame of grid. Two
endless chains are driven to motion with use of sprockets at sides of grid together
with rake arranged between them and being in the form of set of toothed plates
whose teeth engage with said gaps. Rigidity rib arranged in sewage water is in the
form of bent metallic plate to which rubber strip is secured. Lip of grid frame base
is slightly raised over duct bottom by regulated height and it is in the form
diffuser. Guides for changing motion direction of rake are provided with centering
gaskets arranged upstream and downstream filtering screen.

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The invention relates to mechanical grates rake type and may find use in the
purification of wastewater from mechanical impurities.
Known mechanical grate rake type, made with the possibility of reciprocating
motion, consisting of parallel rods forming between the openings containing
moving on a continuous chain rake system.
The design of the known technical solutions is not possible to use a grating with
relatively small openings, i.e., for fine purification of sewage.
Known mechanical grate rake type, mounted on the frame with the possibility of
reciprocating movement, comprising a set of vertical parallel rods forming a filter
screen, a section of which has a trapezoidal shape, secured with openings
perpendicular to the direction of flow of waste water, two endless chains installed
by asterisks on each side of the lattice can move together with placed between
them with a rake, made in the form of plates with the teeth extending into the
openings, guides for changing the direction of movement of the rake.

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Components of Drain cleaner machine:
Drain cleaner machine consists of the following components to fulfill the
requirements of complete operation. They are:
 Grid
 Chain drives
 Sprockets
 Mesh
 Motor
 Waste Tub
 MS Frame
Grid:

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Chain Drives:
Chain drive is a way of transmitting mechanical power from one place to another.
It is often used to convey power to the wheels of a vehicle, particularly bicycles
and motorcycles. It is also used in a wide variety of machines besides vehicles.

Most often, the power is conveyed by a roller chain, known as the drive chain or
transmission chain, passing over a sprocket gear, with the teeth of the gear
meshing with the holes in the links of the chain. The gear is turned, and this pulls
the chain putting mechanical force into the system. Another type of drive chain is
the Morse chain, invented by the Morse Chain Company of Ithaca, New York,
USA. This has inverted teeth.

Sometimes the power is output by simply rotating the chain, which can be used to
lift or drag objects. In other situations, a second gear is placed and the power is
recovered by attaching shafts or hubs to this gear. Though drive chains are often
simple oval loops, they can also go around corners by placing more than two
gears along the chain; gears that do not put power into the system or transmit it
out are generally known as idler-wheels. By varying the diameter of the input and
output gears with respect to each other, the gear ratio can be altered. For
example, when the bicycle pedals' gear rotate once, it causes the gear that drives
the wheels to rotate more than one revolution.

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Sprockets:
A sprocket or sprocket-wheel is a profiled wheel with teeth, cogs, or even
sprockets that mesh with a chain, track or other perforated or indented material.
The name 'sprocket' applies generally to any wheel upon which radial projections
engage a chain passing over it. It is distinguished from a gear in that sprockets are
never meshed together directly, and differs from a pulley in that sprockets have
teeth and pulleys are smooth.

Sprockets are used in bicycles, motorcycles, cars, tracked vehicles, and other
machinery either to transmit rotary motion between two shafts where gears are

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unsuitable or to impart linear motion to a track, tape etc. Perhaps the most
common form of sprocket may be found in the bicycle, in which the pedal shaft
carries a large sprocket-wheel, which drives a chain, which, in turn, drives a small
sprocket on the axle of the rear wheel . Early automobiles were also largely driven
by sprocket and chain mechanism, a practice largely copied from bicycles.

Sprockets are of various designs, a maximum of efficiency being claimed for each
by its originator. Sprockets typically do not have a flange. Some sprockets used
with timing belts have flanges to keep the timing belt centered. Sprockets and
chains are also used for power transmission from one shaft to another where
slippage is not admissible, sprocket chains being used instead of belts or ropes
and sprocket-wheels instead of pulleys. They can be run at high speed and some
forms of chain are so constructed as to be noiseless even at high speed.

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Mesh:
A mesh is a barrier made of connected strands of metal, fiber, or other
flexible/ductile materials. A mesh is similar to a web or a net in that it has many
attached or woven strands.

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Wiper Motor:



SPECIFICATION
Technical parameters
Nominal Voltage 12V
Nominal Power 50W
Nominal Current 1.0-1.5A
High Speed 75-76 rpm
Low Speed 50 rpm

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Tap






Waste Tub:



MS FRAME:

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WORKING:
The drain cleaner machine helps us to clean small or big sewage through its
mechanical design and functioning. This machine consists of parts such as motor,
pulley, belts, grid, bucket etc. When we give power to this machine then motor
starts functioning which gives rotation to pulley and through the help of pulley
belt i.e. mount on pulley starts rotating from down to upward direction. As belt
rotates then grid joined to the bottom of the belt start rotating as well.
When grid completes one round from down to upward direction, it takes all the
garbage material like waste bottles, plastic, tins etc on the grid and drops it in the
bucket attached at the back. This is how this machine helps us clean sewage or
any garbage from water.
The technical essence and the achieved effect is known technical the solution is
closest to the claimed.
The device is a prototype can be used for fine purification of wastewater from
mechanical impurities, however, when his erection, maintenance and operation
process manifests a number of disadvantages. For example, a complex is the
installation process of the rake with teeth due to the increasing inaccuracy of the
location of the teeth; the filter screen grid has a high hydrodynamic resistance;
the accumulation of long fibers that are in the water, on the transverse ribs and
the formation of hard scimemi "beards"; at the bottom of the lattice is the
settling of sand and stones that leads to the formation of bottom sediments and
the occurrence of stagnant zones.

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The basis of the invention is to create a mechanical grate rake type, allowing to
simplify its installation, repair and maintenance.
The problem is solved in mechanical grate rake type, fixed on the frame with the
ability to move, including a set of vertical parallel rods forming a filter screen
mounted with openings perpendicular to the direction of flow of waste water,
two endless chains installed by asterisks on each side of the lattice can move
together with placed between them with a rake, made in the form of plates with
teeth coming in prot is s, guide for changing the direction of movement of the
rake; according to the invention the cross section of the rods of the lattice has the
form of a wedge with rounded edges of the base facing towards the flow of waste
water, filter screen grid recruited from separate interchangeable sections,
mounted on the transverse ribs of the frame of the lattice, with the rib being in
water, made in the form of a curved metal plate attached to it with a rubber
band, the threshold base frame grid elevated above the bottom of the channel at
an adjustable height and is made in the form of a cone, each rake consists of a set
of plates with teeth, and guides for changing the direction of movement of the
rake supplemented centering plates installed before and after the filtering screen.

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Distinctive features of the proposed device are:
- section rods of the lattice has the form of a wedge with rounded edges of the
base facing towards the flow of waste water;
- filter screen grid recruited from separate interchangeable sections, mounted on
the transverse ribs of the frame of the lattice;
- rib, located in waste water, made in the form of a curved metal plate attached
to it with a rubber band;
- threshold base frame grid elevated above the bottoms the m channel at an
adjustable height and is made in the form of a diffuser;
each rake consists of a set of plates with the teeth;

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- guides for changing the direction of movement of the rake supplemented
centering plates installed before and after the filtering screen.

Proceeding from the described prior art implies that these differences are new.
The authors found that the implementation of the cross-section of the rods of the
lattice in the form of a wedge with rounded edges of the base facing towards the
flow of waste water, reduces its hydrodynamic resistance. Greatly simplified
repair, installation and removal of the filter screen due to the fact that he
recruited from separate interchangeable sections. The stiffening rib located in the
flow of wastewater is made in the form of a curved metal plate attached to it with
a rubber band, can reduce the accumulation of long fibers found in waste water,
and to prevent twisting of the fibers in difficult scimemi "beard". The threshold
base frame grille, raised above the bottom of the channel at an adjustable height
h and is made in the form of a cone, having a minimum hydrodynamic resistance,
increases the flow rate and eliminate stagnant zones at the bottom of the
channel. Rake, consisting of a set of plates with teeth, can significantly reduce the
error of the coordinates of situated the teeth during their installation. Centering
pads installed before and after the filtering screen, provide an accurate listing of
teeth in the openings of the lattice at operating and reversing course when
necessary, clean the Prozorov.

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Figure 1 General view of the device

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Figure 2 Profile projection

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Figure 3 - View of the rake

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Figure 4 - Node rods

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Mechanical grate rake type mounted on the frame 2 can be moved and consists
of a set of parallel vertical rods 3, a cross-section which is wedge-shaped with
rounded edges of the base 5. The rod 3 is fixed with openings 6 in the extreme
transverse ribs 7 of the frame 2 and form a filter screen 8. Two endless chains 9
are located on the sides of the lattice and move with the sprocket 10 mounted on
the control shaft 1 driven by a gear motor 4. Between the chains 9 fixed rake 11,
each of which consists of a set of plates 12 with the teeth 13 extending in the
openings 6. Filter screen 8 are composed of separate interchangeable sections 14.
The rib 7 of the frame 2 is made in the form of a curved metal plate 15 mounted
on it with a rubber band 16. The threshold of the base 17 of the frame 2 is made
in the form of a cone and elevated above the bottom of the channel 18 at an
adjustable height h. The guides 19 for changing the direction of movement of the
rake 11 augmented centres the respective plates 20, set before and after the
filtering screen. The device includes a cleaner 21, a hopper 22.
Mechanical grate rake type operates as follows.
Set the frame 2 of the lattice in the channel 18 so that the threshold base 17 of
the frame 2 is raised relative to the bottom of the channel at an adjustable height
h. With the passage of waste water through the openings 6 of the filter screen 8
on it settle solids. The rake 11 move together with the endless chains 9 during the
rotation of the sprocket 10, and the teeth 13 pass through the openings 6 and
clean the filter screen 8, raising the settled solids up, after which they are
removed from the grid cleaner 21 into the receiving hopper 22. Curved metal
plate 15, mounted on it with a rubber band 16, vibrating under the influence of
the flow rate of waste water, due to the centrifugal bending pulsating flow

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prevents the winding of the long fibers. Wedge-shaped profile cross-section of
the rods 3 helps reduce hydrodynamic resistance to the flow of waste water. With
the passage of waste water through the diffuser threshold base 17, the flow rate
is increased, thereby eliminating the formation of stagnant zones at the bottom
of the channel sand and coarse sediment does not settle at the bottom, and
washed accelerated flow of waste water. For tochnog the occurrence of the teeth
13 in the openings 6 in operating and reversing the move, when it comes to
cleansing, apply the centering pads 20. In the process of repair of the lattice can
replace any section of the filter screen. When mounting the leaf rake it is
collected from a separate plate, which allows to increase maintainability and
reduce the error in the positioning of teeth.
Techno-economic advantages of the proposed device compared to a device
prototype consist in simplifying its installation, repair and maintenance.

Mechanical grate rake type, mounted on the frame for movement with a set of
vertical parallel rods forming a filter screen mounted with openings perpendicular
to the direction of flow of waste water, two endless chains installed by asterisks
on each side of the lattice can move together with placed between them with a
rake, made in the form of plates with the teeth extending into the openings,
guides for changing the direction of movement of the rake, characterized in that
the cross section of the rods of the lattice has the form of a wedge with rounded
edges of the base facing towards the flow of waste water, filter screen grid
recruited from separate interchangeable sections, mounted on the transverse ribs
of the frame of the lattice, while the ribs are in the waste water, made in the form

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of a curved metal plate attached to it with a rubber band, the threshold base
frame grid elevated above the bottom of the channel at an adjustable height and
is made in the form of a cone, each rake consists of a set of plates with teeth, and
guides for changing the direction of movement of the rake supplemented
centering plates installed before and after the filtering screen.
ADVANTAGES:
 Production cost is very low.
 No need of purchase special machine.
 It is mainly very useful to hold the lengthy plate(1.5 feet) in particular position.
 Its operated and maintenance is simple.
 It is compact and portable.
 It can be efficiently used.
DISADVANTAGE:
 Small vibration occurs due to wire brush wheel attachment.
 In order to avoid vibration the machine should be properly foundation with
the floor.

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APPLICATION:
This device find place in.
 It is used almost in all types if Drainage (Large , Small & medium).
 This machine is mainly used in cleaning system
 Project to use this in efficient way to control the disposal of wastages and with
regular filtration of wastages
 This device is suitable to hold flat type plate. (maximum length1.5 feet)



CONCLUSION
After completing the project, conclude that our project is simple in construction
and compact in size for use. Manufacturing of machine is easy and cost of the
machine is less.


Reference
http://russianpatents.com/patent/230/2307696.html