DRC Presentation Syed Qaisar Husain .pptx

Literature review power point presentation of DRC

1. Sustainability issue of FSP ( Tentative) Gagan Varshney A41136424005 [ Ph . D (2024-28) ] [ Dr Sumit Gupta ] AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH, NOIDA CAMPUS [External Co-Guide Name] Affiliation of Guide [Internal Co-Guide Name] Affiliation of Guide Amity School of Engineering & Technology, AUGN/Amity Business School, AUGN

2. 2 Amity School of Engineering & Technology, AUGN INTRODUCTION Friction Stir Processing (FSP) is a solid-state technique, which uses the principles of friction stir welding to process materials leading to new improved metallurgical conditions. In FSP a tool containing a shoulder and a pin provides mechanical mixing and heating resulting from interfacial friction and visco -plastic deformation, in the area processed by the tool.

3. 3 INTRODUCTION The FSP has four distinct regions: the nugget which is the region that is thermo-mechanically processed zone where the grain size is refined and homogenized, the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) where the grain is elongated like it was mechanically deformed, the heat affected zone (HAZ) that as the same grain structure of the base material and the base material (BM) is the region that was unaffected by the process.

4. 4 Properties of FSP The improvement of properties is related to the refinement of grain size in the nugget due to the large processing strain. FSP has been very successful in modification of various properties such as hardness , yield strength, fatigue and corrosion resistance. It is becoming very effective in the production of metal matrix composites. FSP has also been very successful in the production of materials with super plastic behavior ( very large tensile deformations without necking or fracture).

5. 5 PROCESS PARAMETERS IN FSW The Process parameters plays a vital role in FSW to produce a sound weld. The notable parameters in FSW process are as follows: Welding Speed. Tool Rotational Speed. Tool Geometry. Vertical Pressure on the Tool. Tilt Angle of the Tool. Tool Material.

6. 6 Sustainability issues of FSP The environmental impact of friction stir welding process vs. welding parameters may consider: For example, butt joints in aluminum alloy sheets can obtained at different rotational and welding speeds. All input and output data, in terms of materials, energies and emissions, can collected and analyzed. Only sound weld can be used as functional unit for the sustainability.

7. 7 LITERATURE REVIEW S.No . Author Paper Title Journal Name & Publisher Year of Publication Findings Future Scope 1 Jialiang Dong et al Effect of post-weld heat treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of underwater friction stir welded joints of 7003-T4/6060-T4 aluminium alloys Materials Science & Engineering A 862 (2023) 144423 2023 1. The combination of water-cooling and PWHT (post-weld heat treatment) is an efficient method to greatly improve the strength of the dissimilar joints 2. For direct artificial aging (AA) after welding, the largest UTS (218.9 MPa ) is obtained when aged at 175 o C for 8 h. 3. The elongation severely deteriorates to 4.4% due to strain localization caused by the decreasing width of the soft region 1. Other Materials and their alloys can be used for analysis 2. Dissimilar joints can be analyzed. 2 Surendra Kumar Lader et al Significance of underwater friction stir welding on the weld integrity of thin sheets of aluminum (AA1050-O) and brass (CuZn34) joints Materials Science & Engineering A 865 (2023) 144627 2023 1. The main objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of underwater-FSW for obtaining aluminum and brass joints at different values of shoulder plunge depth (SPD) and tool rotational speed (N). 2. Underwater welding reduced the welding temperature and thermal cycle time. 3. The tensile test result shows that the UW-FSW remarkably improved the joint strength, the percentage increase in the joint tensile strength for UW-FSW was found 42%, 30% and 50% higher than C-FSW. 1.Other Materials and their alloys can be used for making composites. 2. UW-FSW can be considered for reducing the weld flaws.

8. 8 LITERATURE REVIEW S.No . Author Paper Title Journal Name & Publisher Year of Publication Findings Future Scope 3 Meng Li et al Comprehensive understanding of the mechanical properties and microstructure evolution of aluminum alloy/steel laminates during friction stir-assisted incremental forming with synchronous bonding process Materials Science & Engineering A 840 (2022) 142961 2022 1. Aluminum alloy/steel laminated parts can be fabricated by separated sheets based on a friction stir-assisted incremental sheet forming with synchronous bonding (FS-ISF&SB) method 2. The main aims to realize comprehensive understanding of microstructure evolution during FS-ISF&SB and its effect on mechanical properties of the formed parts. 3.The microstructure evolutions greatly accelerate the atomic diffusion and subsequently promote the metallurgical bonding of the laminates. 4.The microstructure evolutions greatly accelerate the atomic diffusion and subsequently promote the metallurgical bonding of the laminates. 1. FS-ISF&SB can be performed on other dissimilar joints. 2. Other surface treatments can also be applied and tested. 4 Sachindra Shankar et al Dissimilar friction stir welding of Al to non-Al metallic materials: An overview Materials Chemistry and Physics 288 (2022) 126371 2022 1. In this review, Friction stir welding (FSW) of Al to non-Al metallic materials, wherein the combination of Al–Mg, Al–Cu, Al-steel and Al–Ti are covered. 2. In this review paper, formation of intermetallic compounds, defects, and degradation of mechanical properties at the joint area are extensively managed in the case of dissimilar FSW compared to dissimilar conventional welding. 1. Other materials can be checked for similar tests and optimizations including composites. 2. More process parameters can be optimized.

9. 9 LITERATURE REVIEW S.No . Author Paper Title Journal Name & Publisher Year of Publication Findings Future Scope 5 Reza Jabraeili et al Effect of FSW process parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of the dissimilar AA2024 Al alloy & 304 stainless steel joints. Materials Science & Engineering A 814 (2021) 140981 2021 1. The effect of friction stir welding (FSW) parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of the dissimilar AA2024 Al alloy and 304 stainless steel joints was performed. 2. The results showed that tool offset had a crucial effect on the properties. 3. The optimum condition was obtained at a rotational speed of 750 rpm, a traverse speed of 65 mm/min, and a zero tool offset. 4. During this process, a high-strained ultra-fine grained (UFG) layer with a thickness of 5 μm is formed. 1. Other Materials and their alloys can be used for analysis 2. Dissimilar joints can be analyzed. 6 Xiaopei Wang et al High-strength Fe/Al dissimilar joint with uniform nanometer-sized intermetallic compound layer and mechanical interlock formed by adjustable probes during double-sided friction stir spot welding Materials Science & Engineering A 809 (2021) 141005 2021 1. A high-strength Fe/Al dissimilar joint was successfully fabricated by double-sided friction stir spot welding (FSSW) with adjustable probes. 2. By this technique, a flat surface on both sides of the joint can be obtained due to the double-sided shoulders and probes. 3. A continuous and uniform IMC layer with a thickness as thin as about 30 nm was formed at an extremely low rotation speed due to the fresh surface induced by the adjustable probes 1. Other alloys can be used for analysis. 2. Dissimilar joints can be analyzed.

10. 10 LITERATURE REVIEW S.No . Author Paper Title Journal Name & Publisher Year of Publication Findings Future Scope 7 R. Beygi et al A comprehensive analysis of a pseudo-brittle fracture at the interface of intermetallic of η and steel in aluminum/steel joints made by FSW: Microstructure and fracture behavior Materials Science & Engineering A 824 (2021) 141812 2021 Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) formation during friction stir welding (FSW) of dissimilar metals such as aluminum (Al) and steel (St) is known to cause a reduction in the joint strength. A modified FSW was used to join a commercially pure Al to a mild carbon St. Several characterization techniques were performed to analyze the joint interface. The results revealed that a nanostructure IMC layer made of Fe4Al13 (θ) and a micrometer IMC layer made of Fe2Al5 (η) were formed. The results of the present study showed that the grain refinement of the IMCs can improve the joint strength of the dissimilar materials. More reinforcement materials can be considered. 8 Farzad Badkoobeh et al Friction Stir Welding/Processing of Mg-Based Alloys: A Critical Review on Advancements and Challenges Materials, MDPI 2021 Various advancements and challenges which are argued for magnesium based alloys welded joint created by FSW & FSP are elaborated and elucidated. Grain refinement mechanism, Process parameters, Microstructure & its controlling, Mechanical & metallurgical properties were addressed. Post weld treatments and addition of reinforcements were also discussed. Combination of Mg-Al based alloys can be used for the analysis.

11. 11 LITERATURE REVIEW S.No . Author Paper Title Journal Name & Publisher Year of Publication Findings Future Scope 9 Dipen Kumar Rajak et al Friction-based welding processes: friction welding and friction stir welding Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, Taylor & Francis 2020 1. A detailed comparison between mechanism of Friction welding (FRW) and Friction stir welding (FSW) is elaborated. 2.Different techniques, research advancements, mechanisms, process parameters, metallurgical properties and future scopes are elaborated. 3. Modifications in FSW like UWFSW, FBFSW, SSFSW, UVeFSW were also elaborated. 1. Modifications in FSW like UWFSW, FBFSW, SSFSW, UVeFSW can be used to fabricate dissimilar joints and the parameters can be optimized . 10 Zihao Ding et al A Review on Friction Stir Processing of Titanium Alloy: Characterization, Method, Microstructure, Properties Metallurgical and Materials Transections B, ASM International 2019 1. By using optimized process parameters of FSP, the microstructure of the material can be adjusted. 2. Simulation techniques can also be used for characterization of Titanium and its alloys. 3. Refine of grains and addition of reinforcement to the titanium alloys plays a important role in the fabrication of sound weld. 1. The process parameters can be optimized for a Composite of Titanium based alloys.

12. Course Work 12 Amity School of Engineering & Technology, AUGN Course Code Course Name Status EPHD 902 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUE-E&T Final exam Pending, Date announced. 21/06/2024 PHD 901 RESEARCH & PUBLICATION ETHICS Final exam Pending, Date announced. 26/06/2024 EPHD 901 RESEACH METHODOLOGY Final exam Pending, Date announced. 24/06/2024 CSE 905 SOFTWARE RELIABILITY ESTIMATION & TECHNIQUES Final exam Pending, Date announced. 28/06/2024

13. 13 RESEARCH PROGRESS S.NO Activity Period Status 1 Course work 6 months In progress 2 Study and literature review 6 months In progress 3 Material selection and fabrication 6 months Not Finalize 4 Testing of samples 6 months Not Finalize 5 Analysis of result and further improvement 6 months Not Finalize 6 Writing of research paper/thesis 1.5 year Not Finalize

14. Objectives of Research Completed Till Now Course Work in Progress, Final examination date announced. Literature review is in progress. 14 Amity School of Engineering & Technology, AUGN

15. Planned Objectives of Research For Next DRC Literature Review Gaps in Literature reviews. Finalization of the Topic based upon Literature Review. Setting up the Objectives. Methodology. Selection of Material. 15 Amity School of Engineering & Technology, AUGN