Drug and child abuse. David Manyiel Agok pptx

Rtuijhgruihgdr

1. Drug and child abuse Prepared by : Dr Ater Mayen 10 th /3/2025

2. Drug misuse/drug abuse Drugs are chemical agents which are used for cure and prevention of disease Misuse is nonmedical use of drug for wrong purpose Abuse is a misused of drug Common drugs of addicts; eg Opium/opiates – all narcotics drugs Cannabis/ marijuana Other drugs like diazepam and marungi

3. The route for their administration ; Opium Central nervous system stimulant with effect similar to amphetamine Administration; smoke, sniff or injection Effect of opium; Excitement, Dilation of pupils, Dizziness and tremors High dose cause; Confusion, Seizures, Cardiac and respiratory arrest Long term use may cause; Development of psychiatric symptom; paranoid, visual and tactile hallucination

4. Presenting compliant of drug abuse ; Family may request help before the patient due to irritability or abstinence from home Depressed mood, nervousness or insomnia Direct request for prescription of narcotics or other drugs Request for help to withdraw or stability of their drug use State of intoxication or withdrawal with physical complication of drug use e.g. abscesses

5. Diagnostic features Physical Injuries while intoxicated, physiological harm/symptom of mental disorder due to drug Harmful social consequences like loss of job, severe family problems or criminality Difficulty controlling drug use Strong desire to use drugs Tolerance( take heavy dose with no effects ) Withdrawal signs, anxiety, tremors etc

6. Differential diagnosis Alcohol abuse Symptoms of anxiety or depression may occur with heavy use Depression Generalized anxiety Psychotic disorders Delirium

7. Information for family and patient ; Drug misuses is a chronic, relapsing problem, and controlling or stopping, use often needs several attempts from close relatives and government organs, relapse is always very common Ceasing or reducing drug use will bring psychological, social and physical benefits Using some drugs during pregnancy risks harming the baby For IV drugs users there is high risk of infection with diseases of blood contact

8. Medication Don’t give any medication Convince patient to see specialist Referral; all case of drug abuse should be referred to the specialist May God blesses the work of my hands

9. Child abuse: Is define as Any intentional harm or mistreatment to a child under 18 years old

10. Physical abuse signs and symptoms Unexplained injuries, such as bruises, broken bones (fractures) or burns Injuries that don't match the given explanation Injuries that aren't compatible with the child's developmental ability Sexual abuse signs and symptoms Sexual behavior or knowledge that's inappropriate for the child's age Pregnancy or a sexually transmitted infection Genital or anal pain, bleeding, or injury Statements by the child that he or she was sexually abused Inappropriate sexual behavior with other children

11. Emotional abuse signs and symptoms Delayed or inappropriate emotional development Loss of self-confidence or self-esteem Social withdrawal or a loss of interest Depression Avoidance of certain situations, such as refusing to go to school or ride the bus Appears to desperately seek affection A decrease in school performance or loss of interest in school Loss of previously acquired developmental skills

12. Neglect signs and symptoms Poor growth Excessive weight with medical complications that are not being adequately addressed Poor personal cleanliness Lack of clothing or supplies to meet physical needs stealing food Poor record of school attendance Lack of appropriate attention for medical, dental or psychological problems or lack of necessary follow-up care

13. State types of child abuses Physical abuse.   Physical child abuse occurs when a child is purposely physically injured or put at risk of harm by another person . Emotional abuse.   Emotional child abuse means injuring a child's self-esteem or emotional well-being. It includes verbal and emotional assault ignoring or rejecting a child.

14. Sexual abuse.   Child sexual abuse is any sexual activity with a child. This can involve sexual contact, such as intentional sexual touching, oral-genital contact or intercourse. This can also involve noncontact sexual abuse of a child, such as exposing a child to sexual activity or pornography; observing or filming a child in a sexual manner; sexual harassment of a child; or prostitution of a child,

15. Medical abuse.  Medical child abuse occurs when someone gives false information about illness in a child that requires medical attention, putting the child at risk of injury and unnecessary medical care. Neglect.  Child neglect is failure to provide adequate food, clothing, shelter, clean living conditions, affection, supervision, education, or dental or medical care. In many cases, child abuse is done by someone the child knows and trusts — often a parent or other relative. If you suspect child abuse, report the abuse to the proper authorities.

16. Complications of child abuse Physical issues Premature death Physical disabilities Learning disabilities Substance abuse Health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, chronic lung disease and cancer

17. Behavioral issues Illegal or violent behavior Abuse of others Withdrawal Suicide attempts or self-injury High-risk sexual behaviors or teen pregnancy Problems in school or not finishing high school Limited social and relationship skills Problems with work or staying employed

18. Emotional issues Low self-esteem Difficulty establishing or maintaining relationships Challenges with intimacy and trust An unhealthy view of parenthood Inability to cope with stress and frustrations An acceptance that violence is a normal part of relationships

19. Mental health disorders Eating disorders Personality disorders Behavior disorders Depression Anxiety disorders Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Trouble sleeping (insomnia) Attachment disorders

20. Preventives measures of child abuse in the community Be a nurturing parent. Children need to know that they are special, loved, and capable of following their dreams. Help a friend, neighbor, or relative. Being a parent isn’t easy. Offer a helping hand take care of the children, so the parent(s) can rest or spend time together. If your baby cries… It can be frustrating to hear your baby cry. Learn what to do if your baby won’t stop crying. Never shake a baby—shaking a child may result in severe injury or death. Get involved. Ask your community leaders, and schools to develop services to meet the needs of healthy children and families.

21. Help to develop parenting resources at your local library. Find out whether your local library has parenting resources, and if it does not, offer to help obtain some. Promote programs in school. Teaching children, parents, and teachers prevention strategies can help to keep children safe. Monitor your child’s television, video, and internet viewing/usage. Excessively watching violent films, TV programs, and videos can harm young children . Report suspected abuse or neglect. If you have reason to believe a child has been or may be harmed, call your local department of children and family services or your local police department.