[DSC DACH 24] Understanding ethics to better operationalize it: the risk approach versus the values approach - Emmanuel Goffi

Ethics seem to be taking off in companies. Yet many are still struggling to make ethics a priority. Locked into an approach focused on compliance, companies are content to flaunt their claim to be more ethical, without demonstrating any real political will to make a commitment in this area. One of the difficulties encountered by companies is the risk-based approach that underpins compliance. Whereas ethics is traditionally approached through values, companies get bogged down in cosm-ethics favored by considerations of legal compliance, itself structured around risk aversion. To make the leap from cosm-ethics to ethics, it is essential for companies to articulate the need for compliance with the need for a values-based approach to ethics. To do this, beyond the need for political will on the part of company directors, it is essential to understand the driving forces behind these two approaches, and how they can be articulated.

1. Understanding ethics to better operationalize it The risk-based approach versus the value-based approach Dr Emmanuel R. Goffi Professor of ethics applied to AI Head of the Ethics, Management, Professional and Personal Project Unit September 13, 2024

2. Ethics According to European Institutions 2 7 principles for R esponsibility 7 Requirements for Trust Dignity Freedoms Justice Citizens’ rights Equality Solidarity 4 L evels of R isks

3. Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI 3 Lawful Ethical Robust Human agency and oversight Technical robustness and safety Privacy and data governance Transparency Diversity, non-discrimination and fairness Environmental and societal well-being Accountability Components Key Requirements End goal Respect for human autonomy Prevention of harm Fairness Explicability Ethical Principles Trust

4. What Is Ethics ? Applied ethics is a tool for mediating between humans and their environment, both endogenous and exogenous, to help them: (1) evaluate axiologically the degree of acceptability and/or desirability of a specific action in a given context; (2) arbitrate values and options through a deliberative process; (3) decide what action to take. 4

5. What Is Ethics ? 5 Morals Posterior or Applied Ethics Anterior Ethics or Meta-Morals

6. From Legal to Philosophical Deontology 6 Ethics Soft Laws Hard L aws Post compliance E thicists Jurists Dicastic Ethics D eontology K antian D eontology Acting by conformity with duty Acting by duty Compliance

7. From Legal to Philosophical Deontology 7 Continental Theories Other Appraoches Virtue Ethics ( Aristotle ) Deontology (Kant) Consequentialisme (Hutcheson, Bentham, Mill) Ethics of Care ( Ghilligan ) Ethics of Responsibility (Jonas) Ethics of conviction (Weber) Naturalist Ethics (Darwin) Non-standard Ethics (Laruelle) … Animism Spiritual Ethics Wisdoms … Non C ontinental Approaches

8. A method for Establishing Ethical Safeguards 8 01 02 03 4 What are the core values that the organization stands for? What are the founding principles behind the values? What use cases and situations are and will be implemented? Core Values Founding Principles Practical Examples Operational requirements What concrete operational requirements should be associated the use cases and articulated with the principles?

9. 9 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Analysis Analyse the strategy and evaluate the company’s readiness to enter into ethics. Identify/define the core values of the company. Acculturation Training, workshops, awareness programs for all colaborators. Use Cases Identifiy use cases and projects . Governance Establish the governance system to organize and monitor the application of Charter. A 4 Steps Process Charter Collaborative writing of the Charter (vision, core values and principles), involving as many relevant stakeholders as necessary. Articulate the Charter with other normative requirements. Operationnalization Articulate principles with use cases to them into specific actions.

10. Dr Emmanuel R. Goffi [email protected] |[phone] https://www.linkedin.com/in/emmanuelgoffi/ Thank you for your attention